Study on antithetical couplet culture

As early as before the Qin and Han dynasties, there was a custom of hanging peach symbols in the New Year. The so-called Fu Tao is to write the names of the legendary gods "shentu" and "Lei Yu" on two mahogany boards and hang them on the left and right doors to exorcise ghosts and eliminate evil spirits. This custom lasted for more than 1000 years, and it was not until the Five Dynasties that people began to paste couplets on mahogany boards. According to "Songshi Shu Family", Meng Chang, the master of Shu after the Five Dynasties, "in addition to the year after year, the bachelor's degree was inscribed with a peach symbol, and a bedroom door was set around. At the end of the year (AD 964), the bachelor was lucky enough to write a poem by Yin Xun. Because of his non-job, he pretended to write a poem: Qing Yu in the New Year, Jia Jienuo. Changchun. " This is the earliest Spring Festival couplets in China. After the Song Dynasty, it has become quite common for people to hang Spring Festival couplets in the New Year. In Wang Anshi's poems, the phrase "Thousands of households always change new peaches for old ones" is a true portrayal of the grand occasion at that time. Because the appearance of Spring Festival couplets is closely related to peach symbols, the ancients also called Spring Festival couplets "peach symbols".

It was not until the Ming Dynasty that people began to use red paper instead of red boards, which led to the Spring Festival couplets we see today. According to Miscellaneous Notes of Mao Yunlou, before the Lunar New Year's Eve, after Zhu Yuanzhang, the emperor of Ming Dynasty, made Jinling his capital, he ordered officials and literati to hang a pair of Spring Festival couplets at home, go out incognito in person, watch from house to house and have fun. From then on, all scholars think antithesis is an elegant thing. After entering the Qing Dynasty, couplets once flourished, and many famous couplets appeared.

With the development of cultural exchanges between countries, couplets have also been introduced to Vietnam, North Korea, Japan, Singapore and other countries. These countries still have the custom of pasting couplets.

Couplets are developed from the antithesis of regular poems, and retain some characteristics of regular poems. The ancients compared reciting poems with reciting poems, which reflected the relationship between them to some extent. Couplets require neat antithesis, smooth coordination, flat tail on the top and flat tail on the bottom. These characteristics are similar to those of regular poems, so some people call couplets paste poems. But couplets are different from poems. Generally speaking, only the upper couplet and the lower couplet are more refined than poems, and the sentence patterns are more flexible, long or short, flexible and changeable. Couplets can be four characters, five characters, six characters, seven characters, eight characters, nine characters, crosses and dozens of crosses. There are even hundreds of long couplets in ancient buildings in China. Whether the couplets sing about things and express their aspirations, or write scenery and express their feelings, they all require the author to have a high generalization ability and the ability to control words. Only a few words can make it both literary and emotional, both spiritual and formal, giving people the feeling of both ideological and artistic. Couplets carved on pillars, also known as couplets, are a unique literary form in China. It began in the Five Dynasties and flourished in the Ming and Qing Dynasties, with a history of 1000 years.

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Reference outline

1 Although couplet culture has a long history and spread to neighboring countries such as Asia, its cultural influence is enduring and widely used. People constantly develop and innovate in the process of consciously or unconsciously using it to improve its taste. At present, there are not many such topics specially studied and discussed, but it has not affected the inheritance and breadth of this culture at all.

Inherit the excellent Chinese culture with a long history, better serve the reality and enrich people's cultural life.

three

Quality characteristics of couplets

Historical origin and development of past dynasties

Present situation: inheriting and developing excellent culture, which is widely used, popular and loved by the people.

How to develop it, such as strengthening people's appreciation level and creative ability.