What are the types and precautions of unarmed rock climbing

1. Natural Rock Climbing:

Definition: Climbing naturally occurring rock walls in the wild; generally difficult or rock-hugging routes that have been developed and cleaned up;

Advantages: You can get close to nature and fully experience the fun of rock climbing; the diversity of wall angles and rock qualities brings about thousands of changes in climbing routes; because the walls are fixed, the routes are open and can be retained for a long time, so the grading of the natural rock can be checked and compared by many people and become the main grading of the rock climbing.

Weaknesses: The remote location of the field, the transportation is not convenient, time and money are more expensive; route development is also more laborious.

2, artificial rock wall climbing

Definition: Climbing on an artificially manufactured climbing wall, including indoor climbing halls and outdoor artificial rock wall;

Advantages: higher safety for beginners; convenient transportation, saving time and effort; unforeseen factors are less, can be regularly trained or special training; dense, easy to communicate and exchange; In addition, the number of people in the field, the number of people in the field, the number of people in the field, and the number of people in the field, the number of people in the field.

Advantages: Higher safety for beginners; easy access; less unpredictability; regular or specialized training; crowded, easy to communicate; in addition, the artificial rock wall can be set up for the confidentiality of the route and thus become the main form of climbing competition.

Disadvantages: lack of special terrain, less creativity, little room for free play; pivot point ` adjustability makes the artificial rock wall routes often change, grading more subjective, low accuracy.

Second, according to the climbing form classification

1, free climbing (free climbing)

Definition: not with the help of protective equipment (main rope, fast hanging, locks, etc.) of the force, relying only on their own strength to climb;

Characteristics: this form of climbing in our country is dominant, more in line with the scope of the meaning of the sport, the test of human potential. The test of human potential.

2, equipment climbing (AID climbing)

Definition: Climbing with the power of equipment;

Characteristics: Climbing in the big wall (big wall) is more commonly used, for the difficulty of more than the range of the climber's ability to climb the route is sometimes also with the help of equipment through. Its significance exists in the climber's program goals and activities in the course and not in the attack of difficult movements. It requires a high level of equipment handling.

3, top rope climbing (top rope)

Definition: in the upper end of the rock wall pre-set protection point, the main rope through the protection point for protection, the climber in the process of climbing does not need to carry out the operation of equipment.

Characteristics: safe, no falling force when falling off, suitable for beginners; but the requirements of the rock wall are harsh, the rock wall must be at the right height (8 to 20 meters) and the route is not a large horizontal span, because of the need to go around the top of the pre-operation, the erection and retraction of the protection point are more cumbersome work. Sometimes, for the convenience of beginners, a top rope can be set up on the route climbed by the pioneer.

4. Pioneer Climbing (sport)

Definition: The route is pre-punched with several expansion nails and pegs, and during the climbing process, the quick-hangs will be fastened into the pegs to become the protection point and buckle into the main rope to protect themselves, and the climbers need to operate while climbing.

Characteristics: most prevalent in Europe, especially in France, it is safer than traditional climbing, can reduce the psychological fear (fear faCTor) on the impact of climbing, so as to go all out to break through the physiological limits, the challenge of the highest level of difficulty; In addition, in the angle of a larger or larger lateral span of the route, the pioneering way of climbing than the top rope to protect the greater convenience, which can allow the climber to fall off the top rope after the fall back to the place very easily, for the climbers to get back to the fall. to rejoin the dislodgement and to practise repeatedly on difficult points. Because this way to make rock climbing from the risk of exciting sports into a safe sports training, so the pioneer climbing is called sport climbing.

5, traditional or trad (traditional or trad)

Definition: different sizes of rock plugs are placed into the rock wall of naturally occurring cracks, caves, rock bridges and other terrain.

Characteristics: is the original most natural way of climbing, can maximize the integrity of the rock wall, in foreign countries, the old generation of climbers very much respected this form of climbing; but the operation of the complexity, the need for a considerable wealth of experience in the operation of equipment, relatively difficult to master, and more dangerous, interested in the traditional climbing climbers must be steady, step by step.

6, hold the stone (bouldering)

Definition: Climbing short routes, low heights, difficult routes, without the use of the main rope, harness and other protective equipment, instead of holding the stone cushion as a buffer when the fall.

Characteristics: simple and convenient operation, low cost; lower requirements for the climber's psychological regulation and endurance; is an emerging branch of rock climbing.

7, self-climbing (solo)

Definition: does not rely on the second person, the climber uses equipment to self-protection climbing. If the unprotected climbing to reach a certain height (usually more than 10 meters), it is called free solo.

Features: do not need a partner, but the operation is more complex, time-consuming and laborious, engaged in this way of climbing less people.

Third, according to the size of the rock wall classification

1, single-pitch route (single pitch)

Single-pitch routes; generally less than 25 meters, 50 meters of the main rope can ensure that the climber to the top and return to the ground. Artificial rock routes are mostly of this type.

2, multi-pitch routes (multi pitch)

Multi-pitch routes; when the wall is higher than 25 meters, usually the length of the main rope is not enough. The route is then divided into smaller sections, each less than 50 meters long, and after the climber completes one section, a protection point is set up to protect the second person to the same height, so that the main rope is brought here and the next section of the climb can be carried out. After climbing to the top, the descent process also needs to be done in sections.

3, big wall (big wall)

Big wall; also multi-part route, but the route is longer or more difficult, need more than one day to complete, in addition to the protection of the equipment, the climber should carry food and drink bivouac supplies.

Although unarmed rock climbing can challenge one's limits, and in fact the number of deaths and injuries from this sport is increasing every year, it just can't resist the crazy enthusiasm of people who want to try something exciting. For them, life is not as important as the feeling in their hearts.