Chairs are very important.

Why do you say "the chair is very important"

Everyone says, "ass decides brain."

When Jia Yucun judged the case, he thought: There is no other trick for being an official. It's nothing more than looking at the head and commanding the ass, or the ass decides the head.

So weighing the gains and losses, Jia Yucun's ass shifted and his head listened to his ass. The result was "bending the law, perverting the law".

Ass decides brain. There are two meanings.

One is that a person's perspective and position on the problem are limited by his position, which limits his vision and makes him only see one aspect of the problem, and his ability is limited and passive.

The other is that a person will choose a position and angle that is beneficial to his position to discuss an interesting thing, and he is active.

So where we are is of great significance to each of us.

So it is necessary for us to have a good look at the chairs we make every day.

Back to our topic today:

-What kinds of chairs were there in ancient China?

? The traditional chairs in our country are divided into: top chair, treasure chair, plush chair, round-backed chair, armchair, lamp hanging chair, four-year-old official hat chair, south official hat chair, rose chair and so on. Let's see what they are particular about.

1. Top of the list

The top chair is named because it crosses the top chair and the bottom chair. According to data research, Mazar, which originated in ancient times, can also be said to be Mazar with a backrest.

When many people mention the number one scholar, they will think of those guys who take the mountain as the king, and often like to arrange their seats in the name of the number one scholar, even the Liangshan hero who "lists the words generous and rich, and raises a banner for the sky". Several friends who love classical furniture once asked me, "Why do people who take mountains as the king love to sit in the top spot? What is the top spot?" ? Is it remarkable? I joked: "There is also the fact that the top position can be folded." If an enemy or officer who is stronger than yourself comes to besiege, you can fold it up and run with it, which is convenient and avoids property losses. "Of course, this is just a joke. It is really recognized by those chivalrous men, and it is also inseparable from the position of the top spot in people's minds. Those high-ranking officials who can sit at the top of the conference table dominate the people's heads. They are colorful and happy, going in and out, and even some people come to move chairs. How spectacular is it? Most of the people who occupy the mountains are ordinary people at the lower level. It is their dream to sit on the top spot. Even if there is no chair to sit on for the time being, sitting on the top chair is very stylish, or showing power and prestige, or "doing justice for heaven."

2. The monarch

Throne, also known as treasure chair, is generally used alone. In the Ming and Qing Dynasties, it was usually placed in the main hall of the emperor's or empresses' bedroom, with a screen behind it and incense sticks and gongshan beside it.

Thrones in the Ming and Qing dynasties were generally used in one piece, but now it seems different. Some people who like the throne will also put the throne on the square table or on both sides of the table for people to meet and chat.

During the Ming and Qing Dynasties, thrones were the exclusive seats of the ruling class, so they were generally made of huge and exquisite materials, mostly rosewood or Huang Huali. Many thrones also use mosaic extensively, especially the throne furniture in Qing Dynasty.

3. plush chair

The armchairs in the Qing Dynasty were very big, solemn and luxurious, and they were called "plush chairs". Their formal features and decorative techniques have become outstanding models in qing-style furniture, so they are often regarded as the representatives of armchairs in Qing Dynasty. The plush chair is the only chair named after an official position in ancient furniture. It was first used in the Song Dynasty, and the original form was a chair similar to the top spot. In the Ming dynasty, the round-backed chair with a clumsy chair ring on the upper part was called the plush chair. In Qing dynasty, plush chair became the special name of armchair. The backrest, armrest and chair surface of this armchair are at right angles, with solemn and rigorous appearance, heavy materials, wide exaggeration and complex decoration. These characteristics are all to show the status and identity of the owner, which has completely deviated from comfort and tends to dignity.

4. Round back chair

Round back chair, developed from top chair. The most obvious feature is that the back of the ring is connected with the handrail, from high to low. When sitting, people's arms can lean on the circular armrest, which makes them feel very comfortable and popular. It has become one of the unique chair styles in China with its graceful shape and plump and vigorous posture. Later it gradually developed into an armchair for indoor use. The difference between it and the top chair is that it uses four legs instead of cross legs, and the surface is made of wood, which is not much different from the chassis of ordinary chairs. Only the upper part of the chair surface still retains the shape of the vertex. Most of these chairs are placed in pairs, not much apart. The round chair is curved, so the round material is more harmonious. Round-backed armchairs mostly use light elements, and only a group of simple patterns are embossed in the middle of the back plate, but they are all very shallow. Backboards are all made into S-shaped curves, which are made according to the human spine curve, which is a typical example of the scientific nature of Ming furniture.

5. Armchair

Armchairs came into being in the Southern and Northern Dynasties, and became more common after the Tang Dynasty. The chair surface is generally square, with a backrest and an arched brain. The modeling feature of armchair is that the backrest has no handrails and the backrest can't stand out. The backrest of this chair has different forms, some of which are called "unified monument" chairs. The other is called "lamp hanging chair", and its beam grows two pillars, which are slightly upturned, just like the lamp pole that carries the lamp, hence the name. In terms of materials and decoration, hardwood, miscellaneous wood, painted gold paint, touch-up gold paint, various pigment paints and bamboo storage are readily available. The armchairs in Ming and Qing Dynasties were more exquisite. In terms of material selection, mahogany and nanmu are generally selected.

Hanging lamp chair is a style of armchair, which is picked out at both ends of the chair. Because of its shape like bamboo lamps hanging on the wall of the southern kitchen, it is named for supporting oil lamps and lamps. Lamp hanging chair is the most popular chair type in Ming Dynasty. The basic characteristics of lamp hanging chairs in Ming Dynasty are: most of them are round legs, which are picked out from the brain to both sides, and the whole is simple and only partially decorated. Some embed a small piece of jade, or stone, wood, or carve a simple pattern on the back plate. Most seats are decorated with strips of teeth or coupons. There are single and double-sided bricks on all sides, and some adopt the "stepped" style (that is, the front brick is low, the two-sided brick is the second, and the back brick is the highest), and floor tiles are generally used. The two hind legs have lateral feet and points. The overall shape of the lamp hanging chair in Ming Dynasty feels tall and straight, concise and delicate, which is the characteristic of the household shape in Ming Dynasty and can be said to be a masterpiece of furniture in Ming Dynasty.

7. four-year-old official hat chair

Four-year-old official hat chair is a kind of chair with head and armrest sticking out. Its shape is named after the hats of ancient officials and is a symbol of furniture grade. This type of chair began in the Song and Yuan Dynasties. The so-called "four years old" refers to the "brain" at both ends of the chair and the front ends of the left and right armrests. Its standard style is that there is a backboard at the back and a "walking stick" on the two handrails. It is a typical style of chair modeling in Ming furniture in China.

8. Southern official hat chair

An official hat chair made in the south is called South Official Hat Chair because it does not protrude from the left and right sides of the brain and the front end of the armrest. Among them, there are many representative styles of chairs in Ming furniture in China.

9.rose chair

The height of the backrest and armrest of this armchair is the same, which is lower than that of ordinary chairs. The window sill will not be higher than the window edge when used, and its shape is unique. The common style is to install racks on the back of the chair and armrests, and install short columns or flowers under the stiles connected with the racks. There are also many styles and unique styles carved through the backrest. It is a common chair type of Ming furniture.

Rose chair is a common form of armchair in Ming dynasty, which is characterized by the vertical intersection of backrest, armrest and chair surface, small volume and fine materials, so it gives people a light and dexterous feeling. Tracing back to the source, it was made on the basis of absorbing and improving the popular armchair with flush armrest and backrest in Song Dynasty. Chairs whose armrests are flush with the backrest appear repeatedly in Song paintings. Just lower the armrests on both sides. It looks like a rose chair which was popular in Ming Dynasty. In order to be portable and applicable, the small chair does not need feet, and lowering the armrest is a reasonable improvement, so as not to make the elbow of the occupant too high and feel uncomfortable.

The reason why it is called "Rose Chair" is because the literati and officialdom in that period followed the "jade culture", so they chose the word "rose", both of which are oblique jade bodies (not beside the word "Wang", but beside the "oblique jade"). There is also a saying that in the south, this kind of chair is called "beautiful ghost chair" because it is very comfortable to sit on. Southerners sometimes call themselves "ghosts", such as children "imps". However, northerners didn't know the name, so they later became "rose chairs".

Everyone knows the above nine kinds of chairs, right? China ancient culture has penetrated into every aspect of life, and knowledge and rules are everywhere.