Social security forms include

Social security includes the following four parts:

1. social insurance: the basic goal of social security refers to the system established by the state according to law to enable workers to get social material help when they are old, sick, disabled, pregnant and unemployed. In a sense, this is a kind of life insurance from cradle to grave, including maternity insurance, basic medical insurance, unemployment insurance, work injury insurance, old-age insurance and death and funeral treatment.

2. Social welfare: this is the highest goal of social security, aiming at improving and improving the quality of life of social members, which is restricted by the national economic development;

3. Social relief: it is the minimum goal of social security, and refers to the system that the state gives relief to social members who cannot maintain the minimum living standard due to natural disasters or other economic and social reasons to ensure their minimum living standard;

4. Social special care: special objects of social security, such as soldiers and their families, families of martyrs, etc. It is related to national security and must enjoy special security policies.

One,

1. The social security system is divided into five modes: social insurance, social relief, social welfare, special care and placement, and social mutual assistance.

2. Social insurance refers to the system that the state enforces laws and provides necessary material assistance to the working class in cases of old age, illness, maternity, unemployment and work injury.

3. Social assistance, also known as social assistance, is the basic living guarantee given by the government to poor areas or poor residents living below the basic living standard of society.

4. Social relief is the basic and lowest level of social security. Its purpose is to ensure that citizens enjoy the minimum living security, and the payment standard is lower than social insurance.

5. Social relief mainly includes natural disaster relief, unemployment relief, orphan relief, disability relief and urban and rural poor households relief.

6. Social welfare is a variety of public welfare undertakings organized by the government for social members, and it is a cause to provide life security for all kinds of disabled people and people without life security.

7. Social welfare contains a wide range of contents, including not only welfare benefits in life, education and medical care, but also welfare benefits in transportation, entertainment and sports.

8. Special care and resettlement refers to the system in which the government gives preferential treatment and pensions to families of soldiers, survivors of martyrs, demobilized soldiers and disabled soldiers.

9. In China, the special care and resettlement targets are mainly the families of martyrs, demobilized veterans, disabled soldiers and their families; The content of special care mainly includes the payment of pensions, preferential payments and subsidies, the establishment of military sanatoriums and glorious homes, and the placement of demobilized soldiers.

10. Social mutual assistance refers to activities organized and participated by social organizations and members voluntarily to help the weak and the poor with the encouragement and support of the government.

1 1. Social mutual assistance is voluntary and non-profit. The main forms are: mass mutual assistance of trade unions, women's federations and other organizations; Charity relief organized by non-governmental organizations; Various forms of mutual aid organizations spontaneously formed by urban and rural residents.

Second,

According to social insurance

According to the different ways of raising and supplying funds, the social security model can be divided into the following three types: "insurance subsidy" type.

Social security model, "welfare state" social security model, "compulsory savings" social security model.

Social security model of "insurance subsidy"

This traditional social security system originated in Germany and was followed by Western Europe, the United States and Japan.

This type of social security system has made some achievements in industrialization and laid a solid foundation for the economy.

Individuals and individuals have certain economic endurance. Its characteristics: government legislation is social security.

Provide the basis for implementation; Social insurance is compulsory. Individuals pay social insurance premiums and business owners pay for employees.

In order to pay social insurance premiums, the government allocates funds according to different standards. For citizens, social insurance is a right.

Unity with obligations; It covers almost all members of society and has a large coverage; The sources of funds are diversified, including individuals and

Focus on the unit and strive for funding from all walks of life.

Social security model of "welfare state"

This type of social security system comes from the welfare policy of the welfare state, which was originally founded by Britain.

Later, it was implemented in Nordic countries.

This social security system is implemented when the economy develops and the material living standard of the whole society improves.

A more comprehensive form of protection, the goal of which is to protect every citizen from all possible dangers from birth to death.

All risks are guaranteed. Its main characteristics are: income and income redistribution, and progressive tax system makes society

Wealth is not concentrated in the hands of a few people; Implement full employment and eliminate various factors that lead to unemployment as much as possible; solid

Implement a comprehensive social security system covering all members of society; Individuals don't have to pay or pay at a low standard.

Social security fees and welfare fees are basically borne by enterprises and the government; The security items are complete and the security standards are high.

"Compulsory savings" social security model

At present, some newly industrialized countries and developing countries implement "compulsory savings" social security system.

Among them, Singapore's central provident fund system is typical.

Singapore relies on the government-run central provident fund for social security. It not only provides employees with

In addition, it also collected a large amount of private funds, which provided a place for the rapid economic growth of Singapore.

It needs capital and has strong support and influence on the financial system. Singapore's Central Provident Fund System

The national conditions have changed and evolved, thus forming a unique "Singapore model" and gradually developing into a comprehensive society.

The social security system has formed the following four characteristics.

First, individuals help themselves. Including central provident fund personal accounts and voluntary personal savings. Public accumulation fund

Enter employee's general account, special account and health care account respectively. Distribution ratio of three accounts in different years

Different age groups. With the growth of age, the proportion of medical insurance accounts has gradually increased, and the provident fund for retired employees has been fully paid.

The department transferred to the medical insurance account. The funds in the general account can be used for house purchase, education and investment, and the special account is used for providing for the aged.

Health accounts are used for medical treatment.

Second, family help. Including personal accounts and other types of family intra-family transfer payments.

The support and rescue inside. Singapore began to implement universal health insurance from 1984, and set up three lines of defense for the payment of medical expenses. one

It is a provident fund medical insurance account; The second is the insurance purchased with the provident fund; Third, in the case that the former is not enough to pay.

Government financial assistance.

Third, community help. Including various welfare organizations and charities. 20% of the government's fiscal expenditure is used for

Education has established a complete education system from basic education to university education. Free education is practiced in primary and secondary schools,

The government and society have set up some scholarships to support outstanding students.

Fourth, government help. Namely, public assistance. Singapore model is a long-term compulsory savings plan, which is mainly self-help and mainly accumulated by individuals and employers, and can be inherited as an inheritance. The state only gives subsidies within a limited scope, such as low-interest loans and disability subsidies. The social security system emphasizes individual responsibility, and the government plays a smaller role in dealing with personal economic life risks.

This system is characterized by requiring members to stand on their own feet first and rely on themselves; When the wage income is low and the deposit does not reach the minimum limit, it is made up by family members, and there is no adjustment and mutual assistance among members. In this way, the benefits enjoyed by individuals and their own contributions are closely linked to the number of villages and mines. The more the provident fund is paid, the more benefits they enjoy such as pension and medical care. Therefore, the provident fund system has a strong incentive effect.

Legal basis:

Article 70 of the Labor Law stipulates that the state shall develop social insurance, establish a social insurance system and set up a social insurance fund to help and compensate workers in cases of old age, illness, work injury, unemployment and maternity.