When did the Songkran Festival in Yunnan begin? What festivals can the Dai people celebrate?

The Songkran Festival originated in India and was a ceremony of ancient Brahmanism, which was later absorbed by Buddhism. 12 century to 13 century, it was introduced into the Dai area of China with Buddhism. With the deepening influence of Buddhism in Dai areas, the Water-splashing Festival has been circulated as a national custom for hundreds of years. During the spread of the Water-splashing Festival, the Dai people gradually combined it with their own myths and legends, giving the Water-splashing Festival more magical significance and national color. The main festivals of the Dai people are the Songkran Festival, the Closing Festival and the Opening Festival, which are all related to Buddhism. Closing and opening festivals are the biggest fasting periods in the whole year, and grand "Buddha worship" activities and grand Buddhist ceremonies are held everywhere. Everyone should offer food, flowers, scriptures, clothes and coins to the Buddha according to the rules of Buddhism. The whole social activities are full of religious activities. Songkran Festival is an important traditional festival of Dai people, and it is the New Year of Dai calendar. During the festival, the Dai people will hold water splashing, dragon boat racing, flying high and other recreational activities, hoping to drive away past disasters and diseases and pray for a good weather, abundant crops and prosperous people and animals in the new year. Songkran Festival: Dai New Year. From June 24th to 26th in the Dai calendar (mid-April in the summer calendar), the festival lasts for 3 to 5 days. In the early morning of the festival, men, women and children bathe and change clothes, and go to the Buddhist temple to worship the Buddha, that is, sprinkle water on the Buddha to wash the dust, and then splash water on each other to eliminate disasters. Later, splashing water was used as a play and staged as a festival. According to legend, in ancient times, the fire demon did evil and stole seven girls. Shannon, the youngest girl, learned the secret of killing the fire demon: pull out its hair and strangle it. The devil is in a fireball. Where it falls, it will catch fire. The girls threw water at each other and put out the evil fire. This legend became a habit along the river and gradually became the Water-splashing Festival. It is said that this custom originated in India, and Brahmins bathe in the river at this time of year to wash away their sins. When the old man can't go into the river, his children will splash water to wash their sins. Later, it was introduced to the Dai area in China. Kaimen Festival: Dai language is called "Chuva", which means Buddha leaves the temple. Traditional religious festivals of Dai people in Yunnan. It is held on1February15th of the Dai calendar every year. Its activities are the same as the closing day. On the day of Dai calendar1February 15, what was put behind the Buddha when entering the cave was taken out and burned, indicating that the Buddha had come out of the cave. /kloc-on 0/6, the monk left the cave, and the whole family went to the cave to worship Buddha. /kloc-A grand "flower-catching" activity was held on 0/7, because the Buddha returned to the world after giving a lecture in the Western Heaven for three months, so all villages had to beat gongs and drums to hold a grand welcoming activity for the Buddha, and at the same time confessed their sins to the Buddha in the shack for one year. Monks take this opportunity to preach teachings to young men and women. The opening day coincided with the busy farming season, the weather was getting colder, and there were not many Buddhist activities. Young people could fall in love or get married, while adults went out to do business or visit relatives and friends. This season is the time when the Dai people have the most cultural and recreational activities. People set off sparks, lit lamps, flew high and traveled around the village, which was very lively. Closing the door: Dai language is called "entering the depression", which means that Buddha enters the temple. Yunnan Dai traditional religious festival, lasting for three months, began in the fifteenth day of the ninth year of the Dai calendar (mid-July of the lunar calendar). According to legend, every year on the ninth day of September in the Dai calendar, the Buddha went to the Western Heaven to give a lecture with his mother, and returned to the world in March. Once, just as the Buddha was going to the west to talk about his menstrual period, thousands of Buddhists went to the countryside to preach, trampling on the crops of the people and delaying their production. People complained bitterly and were very dissatisfied with Buddhists. When the Buddha learned about this, he felt uneasy. From then on, whenever the Buddha went to the Western Heaven to give a lecture, all Buddhists got together and stipulated that during these three months, they were not allowed to go anywhere but to repent to atone for their sins. Therefore, people call it "closing day" in seconds. Entering the depression has been passed down from generation to generation, forming several fixed activities: every year in the early morning of September 15 of the Dai calendar, temples (Buddhist temples) beat drums to announce the Buddha's entrance to the cave. At this time, Christians must get up immediately or sit in bed. When the old man wrapped flowers, incense, candles and money paper into a package and sent it to the back seat of the Buddha statue in the coffin room, two hours later, the coffin room drummed again, and the believers could go back to sleep, while the old man stayed in the coffin room until dawn. 16, believers entered the cave to worship Buddha; On the eighth day, every household sent food to the Buddha, and then He Qing still read the Peace Sutra and told historical stories. They were very moved after hearing this and donated merits on the spot. During the three months of entering the depression, every eighth, fifteenth, twenty-third and thirtieth day, every old man has to go to the temple to worship Buddha once. The night before, they slept in a special house in the temple, and the young people brought meals to the old people. These activities follow the custom. Later, on the closing day, people will hold a grand event and offer sacrifices to the Buddha with food, flowers, wax sticks and money. During these three months, I will have a "small trip" every seven days. After the closing ceremony began, it entered the busy farming season. In order to concentrate on productive labor, people have formulated many rules and regulations: young men and women are forbidden to fall in love and get married; Monks are not allowed to go out casually; People who worship Buddha in the mausoleum can't leave home or spend the night in other homes. No one is allowed to enter the Buddhist temple, go to the Buddhist platform, take Buddha's things, etc. It was not until three months later, the opening day, that people resumed all their daily activities before the closing day. Traditional Dai festivals in the area of Qimaba, Lvchun County, Yunnan Province. It is held on the 13th day of the first lunar month every year, and the festival lasts for one day. This is a traditional festival unique to the local Dai people. On the morning of the 13th day of the first month, when the morning sun shines on the Dai water town, Dai men and women who can sing and dance put on festive costumes and gather under the big green trees in the center of the stockade. The gongs and drums are loud, and the singers are holding fragrant rice wine and singing Spring Festival songs and Four Seasons songs. The crowd danced the traditional dual dance on the drums, and the whole dam was full of joy. It was not until the sun rose high in the sky that the musical concert came to an end. At this time, an elder announced: "Dam patrol begins!" " After a while, people intoxicated with the singing and dancing immediately formed a very orderly team: eight young people holding colorful flags led the way, and the people behind them blew their horns all the way; Some beat gongs and drums, set off firecrackers and gunpowder, and slowly walked to Tianba. After walking according to the predetermined route, people get together and make village rules and regulations during the busy period of spring ploughing to ensure that spring ploughing can be completed in season. Huajie Festival: Also known as "Hot Water Pond Huajie Festival". The traditional folk festival of the Dai people in Yuanjiang, Yunnan Province is held on the seventh day of the first lunar month every year for one day. The Dai and Ya people also celebrate the Flower Street Festival, which is basically the same as the Dai people, but the festival is on the sixth day of the fifth lunar month. The main purpose of Huajie Festival is to bid farewell to the old and welcome the new. On the morning of the festival, when the sun rises, men, women and children dressed in festive costumes gather on the lawn of the hot water pond on the east bank of Yuanjiang River to celebrate the festival with songs and laughter. Old people used to talk about the past, young people sang and danced, and children chased games and enjoyed themselves. People have also bathed in hot springs in hot pools to get rid of the filth of the old year and greet the new year cleanly and coolly. On this day, unmarried young men and women will also hold duets to find partners.