Where does Kunqu opera come from?

Question 1: Where is Kunqu Opera? It originated in Kunshan at the end of Yuan Dynasty and has a history of more than 600 years. Since the Song and Yuan Dynasties, China's operas have been divided into north and south, and their singing styles are different from place to place. At the end of Yuan Dynasty, Gu Jiegang and others sorted out and improved the original tune of Nanqu, which was popular in Kunshan, and called it "Kunshan tune", which was the embryonic form of Kunqu opera. During the Jiajing period of Ming Dynasty, Wei Liangfu, an outstanding opera musician, reformed and innovated the melody and singing method of Kunshan tune, absorbing the advantages of southern tune such as Haiyan tune and Yiyang tune, giving full play to the beautiful and distant features of Kunshan tune and absorbing the rigorous structure of northern tune. He used the singing method of northern tunes, accompanied by flute, flute, sheng, pipa and other accompaniment instruments to create a delicate and elegant "ink and wash song" that combines the length of northern and southern tunes. Later, Liang Chenyu, a native of Kunshan, inherited Wei Liangfu's achievements and further studied and reformed Kunqu Opera. At the end of Qin Long's life, he wrote the first Kunqu legend "Huansha Ji". This legendary performance expanded the influence of Kunqu Opera, and more and more scholars competed to create legends and learn from Kunqu Opera. Therefore, Kunqu Opera, together with Yu Yaoqiang, Haiyan and Yiyang, is known as the four major tunes in Ming Dynasty. By the end of Wanli, due to the extensive performance activities of Kunban, Kunqu was introduced to Beijing and Hunan through Yangzhou, ranking first among all kinds of operas, and became the standard aria of legendary scripts: "Songs from all directions should be directed at Wumen". In the late Ming and early Qing Dynasties, Kunqu Opera spread to Sichuan, Guizhou and Guangdong, and developed into a national opera. The singing of Kunqu Opera was originally based on Wu dialect in Suzhou, but after it was introduced to other places, it was combined with local dialects and folk music and evolved into many schools, forming a colorful Kunqu Opera system and becoming a representative drama of the whole nation. During the Qianlong period of the Qing Dynasty, the development of Kunqu opera entered its heyday. From then on, Kunqu Opera began to dominate the pear garden, which lasted for 600 to 700 years, and became the oldest traditional opera form in China and even the world.

Question 2: Which province did Kunqu Opera originate from? Also called Kunqu Opera, Kunqu Opera and Kunqu Opera. It is the oldest opera in China and a treasure of traditional culture and art in China. As a bachelor of Hanlin, Guan Yunshi was deeply influenced by Han nationality's thought and literature. He appreciates the scenery in the south of the Yangtze River and yearns for a quiet and leisurely life. Later, he quit his job, lived in seclusion in Jiangnan, changed his name to "Yi Fu", and made a living selling medicine in Qiantang, calling himself "Lu Hua Taoist". He is good at writing Sanqu. The tunes he created were passed on to Yang in Zhangpu, Zhejiang Province, and later called "Haiyan Opera", which spread to the Ming Dynasty and was the originator of "Kunqu Opera". Since the mid-Ming Dynasty, he has ruled China's drama for nearly 300 years. Kunqu opera, which combines singing, dancing and martial arts, is known for its elegant dictionary, euphemistic lines and delicate performance, and is known as the "ancestor of hundreds of operas". In Kunqu Opera, drums and banquets control the singing rhythm. Qu Di and Sanxian are the main accompaniment instruments, and their singing pronunciation is "Zhongzhou Rhyme". 200 1, Kunqu opera is listed as "representative work of human oral and intangible heritage" by UNESCO.

Question 3: Where is the birthplace of Kunqu Opera? Wei Liangfu lives in Taicang. He is called "the ancestor of Kunqu Opera" because he has made great contributions to Kunqu Opera. The origin of Kunqu Opera "Kunshan Tune" should be spread in Kunshan area.

Question 4: Where did Kunqu Opera come from? Kunqu Opera, also known as Kunqu Opera, Kunqu Opera and Kunqu Opera, is one of the oldest operas in China and a treasure of traditional culture and art in China.

Kunqu Opera, formerly known as "Kunshan Tune" and "Kunqu Opera", is an ancient opera tune and genre in China. It has been called "Kunqu Opera" since the Qing Dynasty, and it is also called "Kunqu Opera" now. Kunqu Opera is one of the oldest traditional operas in China, and it is also a treasure of traditional culture and art in China, especially opera art, which is called an "orchid" in a hundred gardens.

Kunqu Opera was produced in Kunshan, Suzhou as early as the end of Yuan Dynasty (14 century). It, Haiyan originated in Zhejiang, Yu Yaoqiang originated in Jiangxi, and Yiyang Opera originated in Jiangxi. Known as the four major operas in Ming Dynasty, it belongs to the Southern Opera system.

Please adopt it in time

Question 5: Where is Kunqu Opera sung in dialect? Kunqu Opera, also known as Kunqu Opera, Kunqu Opera and Kunqu Opera, is the oldest opera in China and the treasure of traditional culture and art in China. Kunqu Opera originated from the South Wharf of Taicang, China in the 4th century/Kloc-A.D., and was improved by Wei Liangfu and others and went to the whole country. Since the middle of Ming Dynasty, it has dominated China's drama for nearly 300 years.

The popularity of Kunshan dialect

Due to the extensive performance activities of Kunban, Kunqu Opera was introduced to Beijing and Hunan through Yangzhou at the end of Wanli, ranking first among all operas.

Kunqu Opera Art Photo

Become the standard singing voice of legendary scripts: "Quartet must be in Wumen" [5]. In the late Ming and early Qing Dynasties, Kunqu Opera spread to Sichuan, Guizhou and Guangdong, and developed into a national opera. The singing of Kunqu Opera was originally based on Wu dialect in Suzhou, but after it was introduced to other places, it was combined with local dialects and folk music and evolved into many schools, forming a colorful Kunqu Opera system and becoming a representative drama of the whole nation. During the Qianlong period of the Qing Dynasty, the development of Kunqu opera entered its heyday. From then on, Kunqu Opera began to dominate the pear garden, which lasted for 600 to 700 years, and became the oldest traditional opera form in China and even the world.

Kunshan dialect began to spread in Suzhou. During the Wanli period, it spread from Suzhou to the south of the Yangtze River and the north of Qiantang River. At the end of Wanli period, it also flowed into Beijing. In the Qing Dynasty, Kangxi was more popular because he loved Kunqu opera. In this way, Kunshan Opera became the most influential vocal opera from the middle of Ming Dynasty to the middle of Qing Dynasty.

According to scholars' research, "although the aesthetic taste represented by Kunqu Opera obviously comes from the south, especially Jiangnan, its cultural identity does not belong to a certain place. It embodies the aesthetic pursuit and artistic creation of China literati. It is precisely because it is a model of literati, so it has a strong coverage ability and may be widely spread, and in the process of communication, it basically maintains its inherent aesthetic consistency. " [6]

Question 6: Where is the origin of Kunqu Opera? The origin of Kunqu opera

China's traditional operas, from Southern Opera in the Song and Yuan Dynasties to Jin and Yuan Zaju, gradually developed and evolved. The peasant uprising overthrew Mongolia at the end of Yuan Dynasty.

After the feudal rule of nobles, the people of all ethnic groups in the south got rid of the shackles of ethnic discrimination politically and produced something.

Recovery, business gradually developed. At this time, China's drama has also undergone corresponding great changes, forming a "northern drama" (Yuan Zaju

) decline, the phenomenon of "Southern Opera" revival.

At that time, the main script of Southern Opera was Legend, and many voices were singing legends, the oldest of which originated in Haiyan, Zhejiang.

The tune, which was popular in Jiaxing, Huzhou, Wenzhou and Taizhou, was reintroduced to Jiangxi in Wanli, and was widely popular in Yi areas.

Yang Qiang, distributed in Jiangxi, South Beijing, Hunan, Fujian, Anhui, Guangdong, Guangxi, Yunnan and Guizhou, has many kinds.

Popular in Shaoxing, Zhejiang, Changzhou, Zhenjiang, Yangzhou and Xuzhou.

Guizhou, Guichi, Anhui, Taihu Lake and other places. There are also Siping cavity, Yiwu cavity and Leping cavity, all of which have little influence.

There is also a process for the revival of Southern Opera. The nobles and literati in the early Ming Dynasty also played the Northern Song Dynasty as a beautiful music. As for the people,

At the same time, the broad masses generally like the southern opera with popular tone and complete twists and turns. Wait until "Jing (Ji), Liu.

(Liu Zhiyuan's Tale of the White Rabbit), worship (Wang Ruilan's Moon Pavilion in funeral march) and killing (killing dogs) are four great legends and glories (Zecheng).

After the popularity of Pipa Ji, which is based on rhetoric in various aspects, it has been greatly improved and aroused the literati class.

With the government's attention, the South Opera has moved from the square to the high hall and feast, and its value is increasing day by day.

Kunqu Opera, which is "beautiful and far away, surpassing the three operas", began in Kunshan at the end of Yuan Dynasty and is a southern opera.

A tribe. According to Ming? Yu Feng (Kunshan) Zhang Guangde's Record (Volume II) records that "there was Gu Jian in the Yuan Dynasty, although he had left.

Sanli Kunshan, living in Qiandun, is good at Nanci and writing ancient Fu. Kukuo Timur listened to his good songs and begged again and again for unyielding. With yang tiedi

Gu Aying and Ni are friends, and they live in two places. His works include ten volumes of Tao Zhen Ji Ya and eight volumes of Yue Yue Sheng Ren Yue Fu.

It is world-famous and good at making southern songs. Therefore, the country was called Kunshan cavity from the beginning. "

During the Wanli period of the Ming Dynasty, Kunshan dialect was just a kind of Qingqu, which was popular in Wuzhong. This "gentle and graceful"

The change and development of Kunshan dialect was after the middle of Ming Dynasty. In Jiajing (1522- 1566) and Qin Long (1567- 1572).

Wei Liangfu, a native of Zhang Yu (Nanchang), Jiangxi Province, lives in Nanguan, Taicang (under the jurisdiction of Kunshan in Yuan Dynasty).

)。 Wei Liangfu used to be a northern opera singer. After arriving in Wuzhong, he devoted himself to southern music. He thought that some southern songs sang at that time.

Frank and unintentional (simple line cavity or slow rhythm), so based on the original Kunshan cavity, it refers to Haiyan and Yuyao.

The advantages of the cavity, and absorbed some singing methods of the Northern Song Dynasty (it should be "cadence, rope knot, stop, steal blowing, press.

"Tone" and other decorative techniques to polish tunes, as well as singing skills to shape characters' personalities and emotions with different timbres)

And with Zhang Meigu, who is good at blowing holes, Xie Linquan, who is tired of work, and Zhang Xiaoquan, Zhou Mengshan, Ji Jingpo and Dai Mei.

Sichuan and Bao Mandi formed a creative collective with the same views and ideals in art, and greatly transformed Kunshan dialect.

Development. Wei Liangfu is very particular about enunciation, intonation and radio in singing, and he will go to the old Nanguan singer Okura for every gain.

Marble asked for advice and was approved. He was tired of repeated revisions. At the same time, Zhang, a famous northern opera player in Hebei Province, committed a crime.

With Taicang Wei, he took the daughter of a good singer as his son-in-law, and he helped Wei "tune the syllables to make them close to Nanyin." . Parallel reform

Three-string (shape) style, the piano body is slightly thinner, the drum is round, and it is made of civil wood, named Heizi (that is, "Southern String" used in Kunqu Opera and Tanci).

")。 It is used together with Qu Di, Huai Drum and Violin (national stringed instruments), and is a characteristic accompaniment instrument of Kunqu Opera. This new hole

It is characterized by softness and tactfulness. "Call a water mill and play the cold plate." The sound is flat and harmonious, and the words are smooth.

..... Speak softly and listen carefully. "It has become a new voice that blends North and South songs." It's called "Kunqu Opera" and the title of the song is "Teacher".

Song' ". But at this time, Kunqu opera is still a oratorio, which has not yet been able to reflect the script and shape the stage.

Kunqu Opera was put on the stage by oratorio and became a drama, which began with Chen Liang Yu's "Huansha Ji". Kunshan Liang Chenyu (15 19-

No. 159 1) Qiu Chi waishi, a famous opera writer, is proficient in poetry and music. Wei Liangfu's achievements in changing his tone made him

Inspired by this, he often sets up a king bed ... >>

Question 7: What are the characteristics of Kunqu Opera? Singing and dancing, singing and sighing, delicate emotions, regular structure, beautiful lyrics, elegance and implication.

Question 8: Where is Yunnan Kunqu Opera? Kunqu Opera is a city, a county and a town. There is Kunming in Yunnan Province. Kunqu Opera is neither a city nor a county. It is the abbreviation of Kunming to Qujing expressway: expressway, Kunming District.

The green economy demonstration zones in Kunqu Opera published by the People's Government of Yunnan Province (Yun [2014] No.38) include Kunming, Qujing, Panlong, Guandu, Chenggong, Yiliang, Songming, Shilin and Xundian counties in central Yunnan.

Question 9: Who has a good introduction to Kunqu Opera? Speaking of Kunqu Opera, I personally think Peony Pavilion and Peach Blossom Fan are the best. Peach blossom fans also have rigidity and softness, among which peach blossom fans are the most famous? Send a joke. Peony Pavilion is good-looking, among which Peony Pavilion? The most famous joke is a nightmare. Kunqu opera is good to listen to, especially to read. I hope I can help you.

Question 10: Where is Kunqu Opera? It originated in Kunshan at the end of Yuan Dynasty and has a history of more than 600 years. Since the Song and Yuan Dynasties, China's operas have been divided into north and south, and their singing styles are different from place to place. At the end of Yuan Dynasty, Gu Jiegang and others sorted out and improved the original tune of Nanqu, which was popular in Kunshan, and called it "Kunshan tune", which was the embryonic form of Kunqu opera. During the Jiajing period of Ming Dynasty, Wei Liangfu, an outstanding opera musician, reformed and innovated the melody and singing method of Kunshan tune, absorbing the advantages of southern tune such as Haiyan tune and Yiyang tune, giving full play to the beautiful and distant features of Kunshan tune and absorbing the rigorous structure of northern tune. He used the singing method of northern tunes, accompanied by flute, flute, sheng, pipa and other accompaniment instruments to create a delicate and elegant "ink and wash song" that combines the length of northern and southern tunes. Later, Liang Chenyu, a native of Kunshan, inherited Wei Liangfu's achievements and further studied and reformed Kunqu Opera. At the end of Qin Long's life, he wrote the first Kunqu legend "Huansha Ji". This legendary performance expanded the influence of Kunqu Opera, and more and more scholars competed to create legends and learn from Kunqu Opera. Therefore, Kunqu Opera, together with Yu Yaoqiang, Haiyan and Yiyang, is known as the four major tunes in Ming Dynasty. By the end of Wanli, due to the extensive performance activities of Kunban, Kunqu was introduced to Beijing and Hunan through Yangzhou, ranking first among all kinds of operas, and became the standard aria of legendary scripts: "Songs from all directions should be directed at Wumen". In the late Ming and early Qing Dynasties, Kunqu Opera spread to Sichuan, Guizhou and Guangdong, and developed into a national opera. The singing of Kunqu Opera was originally based on Wu dialect in Suzhou, but after it was introduced to other places, it was combined with local dialects and folk music and evolved into many schools, forming a colorful Kunqu Opera system and becoming a representative drama of the whole nation. During the Qianlong period of the Qing Dynasty, the development of Kunqu opera entered its heyday. From then on, Kunqu Opera began to dominate the pear garden, which lasted for 600 to 700 years, and became the oldest traditional opera form in China and even the world.