How is the information obtained?

There are several ways to obtain information:

1, by exploring the object itself.

2. Collect information by communicating with others.

3. Collect information by searching the media.

Information acquisition is the first basic link in the whole information flow process, which can be effectively realized through three steps:

1, set the target requirements for information acquisition, that is, what kind of information to collect and what to do;

2. Determine the scope and direction of information acquisition, that is, where to obtain this information;

3. Take certain technical means, ways and methods to obtain information. Due to different needs, the technical means, ways and methods of information acquisition are also different, such as reconnaissance and technical appraisal in solving crimes, and information retrieval tools and means must be used in scientific research.

In the process of information acquisition, the above three links are indispensable.

Extended data

According to the concept of information, people can conclude that information has the following characteristics:

1, the greater the probability P(x) of message appearance, the smaller the amount of information; Conversely, the smaller the probability of occurrence, the greater the amount of information. As you can see, the amount of information (which we refer to as I) is inversely proportional to the probability of message occurrence.

2. When the probability is 1, everyone in the world knows what happened, so the amount of information is 0.

3. When a message consists of several independent small messages, the information contained in this message should be equal to the sum of the information contained in each small message.

According to these characteristics, if expressed by mathematical logarithmic function, the relationship between information quantity and message occurrence probability can be expressed exactly: I=-loga(P(x)).