Shaanxi Qinqiang Culture

Qinqiang is one of China's oldest theater, Qinqiang has been passed down for thousands of years, Qinqiang culture is also in this nearly 1,000 years, constantly changing to improve, Qinqiang due to the popularity of the different regions, and evolved into a number of different versions of the culture of Qinqiang how much you know about it? The following Shaanxi culture for you to answer, take a look.

Qinqiang, is one of the more ancient large-scale opera in China, because of the Qin Long land, and to the Shaanxi Guanzhong language as the tone, it is called Qinqiang. It is a major type of opera loved by the people of Northwest China. The Qinqiang was introduced to Shichuan, and it is proved that it was around after 18000 AD. At that time, because the society was in a period of major changes, cultural exchanges accelerated, people frequently traveled between Lanzhou Shichuan, learn by ear, gradually interested in the art of Qinqiang, some of the rural artists, a good family, not satisfied with the "small tune" singing, and in the various "small tune "Since the music class on the basis of imitation, grafting, transplantation, embarked on the road from simple to complex, from the folded play to the whole play performance.

In the late Qing Dynasty, Qinqiang flourished in Lanzhou. In the first year of Guangxu (1875), Lanzhou established the Qinqiang class society "Fuqing class". Famous artist Zhang Fuqing organized many artists to perform on a fixed stage. In 1913, Zhu Yitang and other veteran artists set up the "Huanqin Society". Class society organization Qinqiang artists, sparring with each other, *** with the improvement of the Qinqiang art to promote the development of the Qinqiang. High-pitched, aggressive, bold Qinqiang tunes attracted many listeners to become fans of the theater. Shichuan fans Wei Xuepin, Wei Guixi, Wang Yuanting dozens of people often go to Lanzhou class society to watch and learn from the play. Shichuan City God Temple south of a theater in the Qianlong period, Qinqiang artists often perform on stage, the majority of farmers often go to the theater.

In the 1930s, dozens of Shichuan Qinqiang artists to improve the level of theater. They tore down the old stage, built a two-story theater building at the original site, the upper floor is the stage, the structure is exquisite, tall and spacious. During festivals and pear blossom fairs, local Qinqiang artists invited artists from Shuifu, Zhongbao and Xiqiao to perform on the same stage, which was an unprecedented event. There were about 1,000 people, men and women, young and old, in the audience for each performance. At that time, the repertoire was all traditional historical dramas.

In 1940, Shichuan Qinqiang artists formed two theater clubs. Wang Yuanting, Wei Yukong, Wei Xuetong, Tao Qifu, Wei Kong'an, Wei Xueli, Wei Zhiyuan, Wei Benzhong, Wei Xuzhong, Wei Mingxin, Wei Mingzhen and others formed the Tongle Society. Wei Guixi, Wei Xuepin, Wei Zhixiao, Wei Xueyin, Wei Zhigui, Wei Zhuxiang, Wei Zhoucun, Wei Kongwen, Wei Xuecheng, Wei Zhouhu, Wei Xuemao, Wei Zhijun, etc. Because of the village in the car to live in the community, composed of the community name on the car. The two societies often sing the opposite theater, Pear Blossom will be sung day and night, competing with each other to promote the rapid development of the art of Qinqiang.

Stage performances

In 1944, the Tongle Society was invited to Yuzhong Xiaguanying to sing for five days, and was praised by the audience there. The 1940s was the heyday of Shichuan Qinqiang art. Naiwan village artists Jiao Yuanbao, Wei Zuotang, Wei to Qing, etc., Hekou village artists Ma Shouke, Wei Conggui, Ma Shouju, etc., often cross the river to Shichuan theater. In the early period of liberation, Shichuan Qinqiang artists in the New Year's Spring Festival and Pear Blossom will still perform. 1958, Shichuan Commune set up a Qinqiang troupe, the famous artist Wei Zhoucun as the head of the troupe, the troupe has 40 people, young actress Zhang Zhihua level is higher. Qin Opera Troupe usually organizes members to work on the same construction site, and during breaks, we talk about acting and sparring with each other, and the old artists teach the young actors. They performed both historical and modern dramas. Frequently performed historical dramas are "Guillotine Case", "Regulus", "Su Wu Shepherds Goat", "Against Xuzhou", "Wudianpo", "Tour of Turtle Mountain", "Tour of the West Lake", "Zhou Ren Hui Fu", "Lu'anzhou", "Three Maidens Teach Their Sons", "Xiaoguxian", "White Jade House", "The Great Rise of Officials", and so on, and the modern dramas are "Ten Years of Home", "Liang Qiuyan" (Meitu Opera), and so on.

In 1963, Kou Yongming, secretary of Shichuan Commune, attached importance to Qinqiang and other literary and artistic undertakings, and he arranged for carpenters to expand both sides of the theater building. He himself chalked on the new stage and performed with the artists. Tao Qifu, a veteran artist, returned to his hometown from the Yuzhong Qin Opera Troupe and dedicated his superb performance to the townspeople.In 1965, young artists Wei Wanying and Wei Zhifang performed modern dramas such as "The Accountant's Girl" and "The Seizing of the Seal". In the "Cultural Revolution", Shichuan Qin Opera Troupe performed modern dramas such as "Tears of Vengeance", "Lake of Tears", "Three Feuds", etc., and transplanted Peking Opera model dramas such as "The Tale of the Red Lanterns", "Wisdom Takes the Tiger Mountain", "Shajiabang", and "Cuckoo Mountain" into Qin Opera. The main actors are Wang Jialin, Wei Xingji, Lu Fa'an, Liu Yonglan, Yan Konglu, Wei Mingyue, Wei Yongxu, etc. In 1972, a new stage was built, and the ancient building of the theater was demolished.