Advantages and disadvantages of fuel cells

Advantages and disadvantages of fuel cells are as follows

First, the advantages of fuel cells

1, and the power generation efficiency can reach 85%~90%.

2. Little environmental pollution. When hydrogen-rich gas such as natural gas is used as fuel, the carbon dioxide emission is reduced by more than 40% compared with the heat engine process.

3. The specific energy is high. The specific energy of liquid hydrogen fuel cell is 800 times that of nickel-cadmium battery, and that of direct methanol fuel cell is 10 times higher than that of lithium ion battery.

4. Low noise, simple structure, few moving parts and low noise when working.

5. Easy construction, simple structure and few moving parts.

6, a wide range of fuels, as long as it contains hydrogen atoms, can be used as fuel.

Second, the shortcomings of fuel cells

1, the cost is high, especially the initial set-up cost is high.

2. The fuel type is single, and only hydrogen is the only fuel of the fuel cell.

3. High-quality sealing is required, and the voltage generated by a single cell of a fuel cell is slightly different.

Third, fuel cells.

Hydrogen fuel cell is a power generation device that directly converts the chemical energy of hydrogen and oxygen into electric energy. Its basic principle is the reverse reaction of electrolytic water, which provides hydrogen and oxygen to anode and cathode respectively. Hydrogen diffuses outward through the anode, reacts with the electrolyte, releases electrons, and reaches the cathode through external load.

Fourth, the characteristics of fuel cell products

1, no pollution

Hydrogen fuel cells have no pollution to the environment. It is through electrochemical reaction, rather than combustion (gasoline and diesel) or energy storage (battery)-the most typical traditional backup power supply scheme. Combustion will release pollutants, such as COx, nitrogen oxides, SOx gas and dust. As mentioned above, the fuel cell only generates water and heat.

If hydrogen is produced by renewable energy sources (photovoltaic panels, wind power generation, etc.). ), the whole cycle is a complete process that does not produce harmful substances.

2, no noise

The hydrogen fuel cell runs quietly, and the noise is only about 55dB, which is equivalent to the level of normal calls. This makes the fuel cell suitable for indoor installation or outdoor places with limited noise.

3. High efficiency

The power generation efficiency of hydrogen fuel cells can reach more than 50%, which is determined by the conversion properties of fuel cells. Chemical energy is directly converted into electrical energy without intermediate conversion between thermal energy and mechanical energy (generator).