Who can help to interpret Li Shangyin's Jinse?

Tang Li Shangyin

I want to know why my Jinse has fifty strings, and each string has a youthful interval.

Zhuangzi daydreaming, a saint, was bewitched by butterflies, and cuckoo crowed in the imperial spring.

Mermaids shed pearl-like tears on the moon-green sea, and the blue fields breathed their jade to the sun.

A moment that should last forever has come and gone before I know it.

To annotate ...

(1) I wonder why my jinse has fifty strings, each with a flowery interval, a youthful interval: "Zhou Li Musical Instrument Map": "Twenty-three strings of elegant instruments, twenty-five strings of elegant instruments, which are decorated with precious stones, are called precious instruments, and those who paint like brocade are called golden instruments." "Hanshu Jiaosi Shang Zhi": "Emperor Tai made Motome drum fifty strings, which made him sad. The emperor couldn't stop it and broke his instrument twenty-five strings." Gusser has different numbers of major and minor chords. Yishan's poem "Peony is defeated in the moderate rain" has "Jinse Jingxian broken dream"; There is a poem "Fifty strings of rain hit Xiangling" in the poem "Dream after listening to the rain with two scholars Wang Zheng on the night of July 28". For no reason: for no reason, for no reason. This faint sadness is the emotional tone of the whole poem. Most of the poets who interpreted Yishan in past dynasties took this poem as their later works. Shang Yin died before he was fifty years old, so he used "fifty strings" to describe his life, which triggered the following idea of "one string and one column".

(2) Zhuang Zhouxiao dreamed of butterflies: "Zhuangzi's Theory of Everything": "Zhuang Zhoumeng is a butterfly, lifelike; Self-metaphor and ambition! I don't know, Zhou Ye. If you suddenly feel it, you will suddenly feel it. I wonder if Zhou Zhimeng is a butterfly and? Butterfly's dream is Zhou Yu. " Shang Yin quoted the story of Zhuang Zhou's dream butterfly to illustrate that life is like a dream and the past is like smoke.

A beautiful woman's golden harp and a complicated string awakened the poet's dream and stopped sleeping. There is a beautiful situation in it, but it is an empty dream. There is also the melancholy and confusion of life like a dream.

(3) "Wang Chunxin Tijuan Huayang Kingdom Shu Zhi": "Du Yu proclaimed himself emperor,No.. ..... Its mutual understanding, decided that Lei Yushan in order to eliminate the flood, the emperor then instructed political affairs, and the law of Yao and Shun Zen taught benevolence and righteousness, so Zen was in enlightenment. The emperor rose to the western hills. In February this year, cuckoo birds sang, and Shu people mourned cuckoo birds. " Zi Juan is a cuckoo, also called Zi Gui. Cai Mengbi's On Du Gongbu Caotang Poetry 19 Du Fu's poems quoted Chengdu Ji: "When the emperor died, the soul turned into a bird, which is called Du Fu, which is also called Zigui." According to legend, Du Yinshui of Shu abdicated and lived in seclusion in the mountains. After his death, he became a cuckoo, wailing day and night until he cried and bled.

(4) Mermaids drop pearl-like tears into the moonlit sea: Natural History: "There is a Jiao Ren outside the South China Sea, and the water lives like a fish. If you don't waste your performance, you will be able to produce pearls. " "New Tang Book Di Zhuan": "Ren Jie cited the Ming Classics, transferred Bianzhou to join the army, falsely accused officials, made Yan news and made it different. He said: "Zhong Ni said that he knows benevolence, and you can be described as a drop in the ocean." "

5. Lantian breathes its own jade to the sun: Yuanhe County Records: Lantian County, Jingzhaofu, Guannei Road: Lantian Mountain, a Jade Mountain, 28 miles east of the county seat. "Selected Works" Lu Ji "Wen Fu": "Shi Yuyu is full of mountains and water is full of beads." "Sleeping in Moon Hee" Volume 18: Sikong expresses the holy cloud: "Dai Rongfu refers to the poet's scenery, such as the warmth of Lantian, which can only be expected, but it is imminent. This sentence of Li Yishan Yusheng Smoke is covered here. "

[6] And a moment that should last forever, unconsciously came and went: set the length of the whole article, clearly put forward the word "this feeling", echoing the beginning of "China Year". The poem reads: "If you are so affectionate, don't wait until today's memories to begin to feel endless regret, that is, it was already melancholy and melancholy at that time. So today's memory is regret, what should you do? " The poet used these two poems to express several layers of twists and turns, and several layers of twists and turns were just to illustrate that kind of melancholy and painful mood.

God uses 50 strings, and the world uses 25 strings. The melody of the 50-string golden harp is too rich, the range is too wide, too sad and too beautiful for ordinary people to appreciate. The Golden Harp with Fifty Strings is the author's self-metaphor: Gao Zhiyuan is only talented, but it is difficult for the world to use.

translate

There is no reason to say that Jinse has fifty strings. )

But even so, every string and syllable of it is enough to express the yearning for that wonderful time. This sentence is a turning point. )

Zhuang Zhou actually knows that he is just a butterfly yearning for freedom. This sentence is an interpretation of the year of China. )

Wang Di's beautiful heart and behavior can move Du Fu. This sentence is also an explanation of the year of China. )

The shadow of the bright moon on the sea turned into tears like pearls. Metaphor refers to the poet's sorrow. Even on a bright night, I still think of tears. )

Only then can Lantian in another place produce something as beautiful as smoke. (alluding to the poet's dissatisfaction with the social situation at that time. )

Those beautiful things and years can only stay in memories. (also refers to a person's nostalgia for youth. )

At that time, those people thought those things were just ordinary, but they didn't know how to cherish them. It also refers to my attitude towards life when I was young, so I don't know how to cherish it. )

Jinse is one of Li Shangyin's most famous poems and the most difficult one to understand. The poet has always lamented "a person who is difficult to understand." Some people say that it is a love poem for a maid named "Jinse" in Linghu Chu's family; Some people say that it is a mourning poem for the late wife Wang; Others think that the four poems in the middle can meet the four feelings of appropriateness, resentment, clarity and harmony, and can be inferred as poems describing music; There are also many sayings, such as alluding to politics and writing autobiographical poems. For thousands of years, there have been many different opinions. Generally speaking, most people say "mourning" and "self-injury".

A poem with the word "first" as its title is actually equivalent to an untitled poem. As for the meaning of this poem, we might as well think that it is the poet's nostalgia for the years and his sadness about his life experience caused by listening to the piano.

This poem "Jinse" is Li Shangyin's masterpiece, and everyone who loves poetry is happy and the most famous. However, this is the most difficult poem to explain. Since the Song and Yuan Dynasties, there have been many speculations.

The poem Jinse uses the first two words of the first sentence. In the old theory, this poem was originally thought to be a poem about objects, but recently it seems that all commentators claim that this poem has nothing to do with the use of musical instruments, but it is actually an "untitled" work that uses musical instruments to hide topics. Scholar Zhou believes that it is really different from the general object of chanting things, but it is not just an untitled poem that simply intercepts the first two words and starts with a metaphor, which has nothing to do with the literal. What it writes is obviously related to Joseph.

There are many misunderstandings in the comments that the poet was "fifty" or "nearly fifty" when he wrote this article, so he was so happy. Actually, it is not. "For no reason" means "for no reason" and "for no reason". The poet's idiotic words are also. There are so many strings in Jinse, neither "wrong" nor "wrong"; The poet stubbornly complained: Jinse, why do you have so many strings? In fact, there is no need for "textual research" on how many strings are in the original work and how many strings are actually in Li Shangyin's era. The poet only uses words to see the meaning. According to records, there are 50 strings in ancient musical instruments, so Yuxi often writes musical instruments with the number of 50, such as "Rain hits Xiangling 50 strings" and "Because of 50 strings, the middle of the road is divided into palaces", which can prove that this has no special purpose in the poet's original works.

The key to "each has its own flower-like troubles and a period of youth" lies in the word "New Year". A string, a column or a sound. There are 50 strings in a stringed instrument, and the syllables are the most abundant, and its numerous sounds promote the festival, which often makes the listener difficult to conceive. Poets never want to let people die and dig for "numbers". He said: Listen to the complicated strings of Jinse and think about China's past; The sound is complicated and confusing, so it's hard to say. The 50-string aims to "create an atmosphere" to see the weight of the past and the feelings of the nine songs. To appreciate Yuxi's poems, we must first understand the main idea, but we should not stick to the drum and column instruments. He Zhu, a poet in the Song Dynasty, said, "Who is the degree of golden flowers?" ("Jade Case") Yuan Hao, a poet in the Yuan Dynasty, asked: "The beauty Jin Se complains about the New Year!"

(On Thirty Poems) Chinese New Year is a wonderful youth. The most important "main eye" of Yuxi's poem lies in the wonderful New Year, so it is just pedantic to use "50-year trip" to recall "49 years".

The intention of the alliance is clear. Let's see how he undertakes it.

The last sentence of "Zhuan Xu" uses an allegorical allusion from "Zhuangzi", saying that Zhuang Zhou dreamed that he was a butterfly and flew vividly, forgetting that he was "Zhuang Zhou"; Later, when I woke up, it was still Zhuang Zhou at home, and I didn't know where the butterfly had gone. Yuxi wrote such a sentence: A beautiful woman, a beautiful musical instrument and a complicated string awakened the poet's dream and stopped sleeping. Lost, gone, does not mean. Let's take a look at what he said in "Autumn Night Thoughts": "Go to the cold village with butterflies", leave when you go, and die when you go, which is what he calls a fan. Although Meng Xiao butterfly was born in Zhuangsheng, once it was used in Yuxi, it was not only a "lifelike" problem, but also an illusory dream. The king of the next sentence in this couplet is the legendary monarch of Shu in the late Zhou Dynasty, named Du Yu. Later, the Zen position retired, and unfortunately the country died. After death, the soul turned into a bird. As for the bleeding in the mouth, its voice is sad and touching, named Du Fu. Du Yu's spring, what does this have to do with Jinse? It turned out that the complicated strings and plaintive songs of the golden harp aroused the poet's infinite sadness. His unspeakable grievances, such as Du Fu's plaintive voice, sent him home in the spring. The word "entrust" not only describes Du Yuzhi's entrustment to the cuckoo, but also the entrustment of the beauty to the brocade, the waving of the hand, the interest of the flower falling into the water, the poet's wonderful pen and whimsy, which reached a climax.

It seems that Yuxi's "Love for Du Fu" expresses hatred for birds, and the word "resentment" put forward in "Beauty Jinse complains about the New Year" is just right. Yuxi's poem eulogizes the golden harp, which is extraordinary and carefree, and has a strange feeling that I hate. Write about the pain of being forced to leave, the author's reluctant king's heart, and metaphor his resentment against the ending he faced and his reluctance to this situation.

After the couplet, the poem has been "started" and "closed", and it is time to "turn" the pen. When the pen comes here, the previous situation has reached a very small level, which seems to be a knot, meaning to be applied. Here, touching the pen and ink, it seems to be "getting up" again. His brushwork is like a towering peak, or like a broken wire, or pushing a pen down, or slow and tight. The technique can be different, but there is a turning point and constant attention in the context of God. At this time, Yuxi wrote the famous sentence "Mermaids shed pearl-like tears down a moon-green sea".

Beads are born in mussels, and mussels are born in the sea. Whenever the moon is bright and quiet, mussels will open their mouths to the moon to raise their pearls, and pearls will get moonlight and aurora will shine. This is a beautiful folk tradition. The moon is a pearl in the sky, like a bright moon in water; Tears, like beads, are natural since ancient times. Jiao Ren's tears turned into pearls, which is also a strange sight in the sea. In this way, the bright moon falls between the seas, and pearls are bathed in tears. The moon, pearls and tears are three votes in favor and one vote against. Divided into three? Three is one? In the poet's pen, an indistinguishable fairyland has been formed. There are so many rich connotations and wonderful associations in Tang poetry, but there are not many lives in Yuxi.

So, is there any connection between the sea moon, tears and Jinse? Qian Qi's famous "Qin Fu" doesn't say that "25 strings play jathyapple, and you can't clear your grievances and fly away"? Therefore, the moonlit night is appropriate, and the grievances are particularly deep. In this way, the relationship between the territory of Haiyue and Sese can't be spied?

For the poet Yuxi, the realm of the sea and the moon has a particularly deep feeling. Once, due to illness, he couldn't bow to Hedong Gong's "Happy Camp to buy wine", so he wrote the sentence "Only take the bright moon in the sea and press the red city". From this perspective, on the one hand, he appreciates this situation, on the other hand, he is very sad and lonely: a complex and unspeakable disappointment.

Si Kongtu, a poet in the late Tang Dynasty, quoted a passage from Dai Shulun who was earlier than him: "The beauty of a poet, such as the warmth of Lantian and the essence of jade, cannot be placed in front of us." The eight words used for metaphor here are exactly the same as the seven words in the next sentence of this poem, which shows that this metaphor has another source. Unfortunately, the ancient books were lost later, and it was difficult to find the source again. The explanation of this sentence has no reference today, and it is hard to say whether it is appropriate or not. Lu Ji, a writer in the Jin Dynasty, has a famous sentence in his "Wen Fu": "Stone is like jade, mountains are only light, and water is like pearls." Lantian Mountain is a famous jade-producing place in the southeast of Lantian, Shaanxi Province. This mountain is sunny and contains jade gas (the ancients thought that treasures have phosgene invisible to ordinary eyes), and Ran Ran rises. However, although the essence of Meiyu is far away, it is not close, so it is out of reach, representing an extremely beautiful ideal scenery, but it is impossible to grasp and approach. Here in Yuxi, inspired and associated by "the Jade Mountain is bright, the pearl is bright, and Sichuan is charming", the warmth of Lantian is used to make a confrontation with the previous sentence, which has a sharp contrast. Literally speaking, Lantian is also very neat to the sea, because the original meaning of Cang is cyan. Yu Xi's exquisite rhetoric can also show his talent and skills.

The two sentences of the neck couplet show that yin and yang are warm and cold, and jade is beautiful. Although the realm is different, regret is one. The poet loves and insists on this noble feeling, but he dare not profane and lament.

The tail couplet is a masterpiece of the whole article, and clearly puts forward the word "this feeling", which echoes the beginning of "China Year" at a distance, and the pen gesture is never shy. The poem says: If you feel this way, you will feel endless regret at the beginning of today's memory, that is, it was already disturbing at that time-that sentence means "Do you want to remember", which means: If you look back at today, it is a pity, so what! The poet expressed several layers of twists and turns in two sentences, and several layers of twists and turns were just to illustrate that kind of distressed mood. This is the reason why poetry is a poet, and this is the reason why Yuxi poetry is a Yuxi poet.

Yuxi's life experience, unspeakable pain, bitter feelings, stagnation in the chest, hair like poetry, deep wounds to be stung, reciprocating deep, deeply infected people. One of his farewell poems said: "I believe in many feelings, and Yang Zhu died with feelings;" Women are in danger, and women want to be husbands! "It is conceivable that guzheng is a song, which often depends on the deep affection of life and death. According to this, if there is hatred in Jinse's poems about where you will go, I'm afraid it can't be said to be arbitrary. [1] In Jinse, the poet borrows a lot of allusions such as Zhuang Sheng's dream butterfly, cuckoo's tears, tears in the sea and fertile fields, and uses metaphor and imagination to transform his auditory feelings into visual images, creating a hazy realm with the combination of fragments of images, thus conveying sincere, strong and profound thoughts with the help of visually sensible poetic images.