What challenges and opportunities did the financial crisis bring to college students?

Opportunities and ways for college students to start their own businesses.

In today's severe employment situation, it is also a way to encourage and guide college students to start their own businesses. Because our college students' entrepreneurial opportunities are equal to those of all domestic colleges and universities, the key is how to grasp them. In the choice of entrepreneurial direction, considering that Nanshan College students come from all over the country, the author tends to use their comparison of different markets to develop the market. Of course, starting a business is more difficult than getting a job. However, as long as we strengthen our understanding of them,

Keywords: self-employment; Opportunity; Market differences in different places; Market development.

According to relevant data, in 2009, the total number of college graduates in China reached 6 1 10000, which is the highest value in recent years, accounting for half of the total newly-added labor force in cities and towns. In addition, a sudden financial crisis has caused many enterprises to continuously lay off employees, and some enterprises even gave up the annual routine campus recruitment, resulting in increasing employment pressure for college graduates. For Nanshan College, in the face of fierce competition,

It is difficult to find employment, and it is even more difficult to start a business. According to statistics, the proportion of self-employment of fresh graduates is only 0.3%. However, there is great potential and space for entrepreneurship. Some people say that in today's society, gold is everywhere, depending on whether you can see it or not. This is not unreasonable, but the key depends on how we grasp the opportunity in the space of entrepreneurship.

First, the preferential policies of the state have opened the door for college students to start their own businesses.

In recent years, in order to support college students' entrepreneurship, governments at all levels have introduced many preferential policies, which generally include obtaining business licenses, exempting enterprise income tax within two years, providing small loans, keeping personnel files for self-employed graduates free of charge, inquiring about the supply and demand information of talents and labor, publishing job advertisements free of charge, and appropriately reducing the fees charged for participating in talent fairs or talent labor exchange activities.

On the basis of the preferential policies provided by the state for college students' entrepreneurship, local governments at all levels have also issued many relevant policies and regulations, which are more detailed. For example, the Shandong Provincial Administration for Industry and Commerce recently issued a regulation that self-employed college graduates and returning migrant workers will be exempted from registration license fees for three years from the date of their first industrial and commercial registration. It is also reported that Qingdao allocated10 million yuan to set up the "Qingdao University Graduates Entrepreneurship Support Fund". Support college graduates to start their own businesses. College graduates who start their own businesses may apply for small secured loans with a maximum loan amount of not more than 50,000 yuan. Those engaged in low-profit projects shall be fully subsidized by the finance at the same level. Teams with more than two people can be relaxed to 200,000 yuan. Undoubtedly, with policy support, it will be more convenient for college students to start their own businesses.

Second, college students have equal opportunities in the space of self-employment

Compared with all ordinary universities in China, Nanshan College offers only a handful of majors and covers a large area, but most of our graduates are double-certificate students, which is not dominant in terms of average quality. According to our graduates' feedback, some graduates who leave their jobs are often treated unfairly in their units, which not only causes them psychological pressure and trauma. It also makes our college feel sorry for this. However, on the issue of starting a business, the brand and academic qualifications of the school are not absolutely related. If the successful cases of entrepreneurship are counted according to academic qualifications, doctors are not as good as undergraduates and junior college students. On the contrary, graduates with high academic qualifications and hard brands are limited in their entrepreneurial ideas because they are focused on academic studies and bound by their majors. Therefore, for the graduates of Nanshan College, the opportunity to start a business is equal to that of all ordinary college graduates. The key is up to us.

Opportunities are sometimes accidental, but more opportunities are found in practice or through market research. These opportunities are found in all walks of life. As the saying goes, all walks of life have opportunities. The author has a college degree student who works in a local material department after graduation. He helped a friend operate machinery and equipment for half a year. In this process, students are familiar with all the purchase and sales channels of operating machinery and equipment. Especially after discovering that these equipment can be sold on a commission basis, he moved the idea of starting his own business. That summer, he finally made up his mind, went through the formalities of leaving his job without pay in the original unit, started operating machinery and equipment, and invested 20 thousand yuan. A few years later, he developed into a large-scale mechanical equipment business enterprise and was awarded the title of "Contract-abiding and Credit-keeping Unit" by the local municipal government. He also became a small entrepreneur with millions of assets. Therefore, in the face of equal entrepreneurial opportunities, our students should be full of confidence.

Third, self-employment should be done step by step from small to large.

It is difficult to start a business, especially for college students who have lived on campus for a long time. They don't even have enough social experience, let alone market experience. Therefore, when starting a business, they should do market research seriously, consult experienced people with an open mind, grow from small to large, step by step, and be brave in hardship before they can bend over.

Another student of the author also graduated from junior college. After graduation, I worked in a local steel plant with similar majors. He works slowly and leisurely every day. However, after a long time, his meager income and long wait made him want to go to sea. Although the word "going to sea" is no longer strange to the generation after 1980s, he finally chose to go to sea. You may not believe it. When this student started his business, he only invested in 700 yuan. At first, he just set up a stall to sell some cheap underwear. Half a year later, he rented a humble appearance room with only 4 square meters and monopolized underwear for three times. He is different from people who usually do business. He doesn't passively wait for customers every day. Most of the time, he introduces his goods in front of a small shop to attract customers. No matter whether it is cold or hot, he always gets up early and is greedy for the dark. He works tirelessly. Now, he is the owner of three big stores. It's hard to see him in the shop now. All the customers are well-dressed and polite service ladies. Summarizing this student's successful process can be described as a typical case of growing up step by step. On the contrary, if he is impetuous, ambitious and eager for quick success, he will often end up miserable.

The author also has a student whose experience provides us with a counterexample. After graduation, this student works in an electronic enterprise. With his academic background, flexible mind and glib tongue, he was soon promoted to the position of assistant manager of the store. Later, catching up with the enterprise restructuring, he lost no time in contracting a TV shop and suddenly became a manager with fixed assets of 200,000 and loans of 700,000. Who expected that the TV market was depressed, and in less than a year, enterprises suffered serious losses. On this day, a VCD seller came from the south to sell VCD to him. He was eloquent and quickly reduced the price to the lowest level. According to his estimation at that time, if all these VCDs were bought and sold at the lowest price in the city, the profit could be doubled. So he began to raise funds, and the bank's 700,000 yuan has not been returned, so he can't borrow money from private lenders. A * * * borrowed more than 200 thousand. As a result, all the cheap VCDs bought are fake and shoddy goods. After three days of sales, customers came to us and finally lost everything. This case is in sharp contrast with the underwear store owner who started in 700 yuan. Therefore, college students should focus on the big picture, start small and step by step.

Fourth, the direction of college students' independent employment choice.

Nowadays, although the entrepreneurial market is full of business opportunities, duran peanuts may not be found for college entrepreneurs with limited capital, ability and experience. In this case, only by finding a foothold according to their own characteristics can college students create a new world that really suits them.

The author thinks that college students can choose the direction of entrepreneurship according to their own majors, or they can choose the direction of entrepreneurship without the limitation of majors. In view of the characteristics of Nanshan College students, the author's point of view is more inclined to choose the direction of entrepreneurship, not limited by majors.

It is generally believed that college students can start their own businesses in four directions. First, college students at the forefront of high technology have the advantage of getting the moon first in this field. However, not all college students are suitable for starting businesses in high-tech fields. Usually, only college students with deep technical foundation and excellent academic performance can be sure of success. College students with such conditions can actively participate in various entrepreneurial competitions. Get a chance to stand out from the crowd. Second, start a business in the field of intellectual services, because intelligence is the capital for college students to start a business. In the field of intellectual services, college students should be comfortable. For example, in the field of family education, it is very suitable for college students to start businesses. On the one hand, it is the traditional channel for college students to work and study, and they can accumulate rich experience in the process of tutoring. On the other hand, the process of tutoring college students is also a process of learning from each other. This kind of intellectual service entrepreneurship project has low cost, and a desk can start a business with a phone call. The third is to choose to join the chain field. According to statistics, in the same business field, the success rate of individual entrepreneurship is less than 20%, while those who join in entrepreneurship are as high as 80%. Therefore, for college students with very limited entrepreneurial resources, with the help of the brand and technical advantages of franchise chains, they can start their own businesses with less investment and low threshold. However, franchise chain is not without risks. Under the mixed market situation, college students are not deeply involved in the world, so you should pay more attention to avoiding risks when choosing joining projects. Generally speaking, college entrepreneurs are suitable to join projects with less start-up capital and low staffing requirements, and it is appropriate to start with small business. Fourth, develop the market through market differences in different places. Students from Nanshan College come from all over the country. In fact, the market differences in different places show the huge space for entrepreneurship. As long as we carefully examine the markets in different places, there are many business opportunities. Here, taking Shanxi and Huangcheng as examples, the author talks about my humble opinion on the idea of opening up markets through market differences in different places.

The writer is from Shanxi. When I came to Nanshan, I found some delicious food that was very popular with consumers in Shanxi, but I couldn't see it at all in the imperial city. For example, all kinds of dried smoked tofu, tofu skin, special smoked eggs, broad beans (locally called lotus beans) and so on. If foods such as pig ears, chicken feet and peanut beans are packed in vacuum and transported to the major supermarkets in the imperial city, profits can be realized several times. The function of small vacuum packaging machine in the market at present. The price is not expensive either. If you get "QS" certification, it is possible to set up a food processing factory and warehouse. For example, Shanxi's pasta is famous all over the country, but in the imperial city, this kind of pasta is rare, far less delicious than Shanxi's pasta. At present, a set of small pasta making machine on the market only costs 3000 yuan, and the manufacturing process is also very simple. As long as you are willing to work hard, opening a Shanxi noodle restaurant should be successful. On the other hand, the seafood in the imperial city is not to mention, such as Little Swan Hotpot Restaurant, Auntie Hotpot Restaurant and Shunfeng Fat Beef in the imperial city. The mutton hotpot on their table is a must. Many consumers say that Datong in Shanxi is the hometown of hot pot in the north, and Donglaishun in Beijing is famous all over the country, but it is not as good as the hot pot in the imperial city. Therefore, it is not difficult for college students to find market opportunities by studying the market differences in different places when they are away from home.

In short, in today's society with severe employment situation, college students' self-employment is also a way out. During their study in school, students should be given good entrepreneurship education, pay attention to cultivating their entrepreneurial awareness and ability, and at the same time make them have legal awareness, risk awareness, integrity awareness, responsibility awareness and team awareness. When necessary, experts and technicians can also plan and guide college students' entrepreneurship, or add some related courses to create Nanshan college students' entrepreneurship.

References:

1. Zhao Zhisheng. Reflections on Entrepreneurship Education for College Students [J]. Inner Mongolia Social Sciences, 2004(6)

2. Xinhuanet Shandong Channel 09-02-1315: 04: 01

3. Xinhuanet 2009 10/0: 39: 38 on October 22nd.