Traditional Culture Encyclopedia - Traditional festivals - What is the explanation for the style like gold
What is the explanation for the style like gold
We provide you with a detailed introduction of "Style as Gold" from the following aspects:
I. The full text of "Zi Ge to Ling Wang" Click here to view the details of "Zi Ge to Ling Wang"
Chu Zi hunted in the state of Lai, the next in Ying Mei,
Make the Danghou, Pan Zi, Sima Dudu, clamor Yin Wu, Ling Yin Xi marshaled the division to surround the state of Lai. The first thing I did was to go to Qianxi,
and I thought it would be a good idea to help him. Rain and snow,
Wang Leather Crown, Qin Fu Tao,
Cui quilt, leopard slippers,
whip to go out, the servant analyzed the father from.
Right Yin Zi Ge Xi, the king saw.
Going to the crown, the whip,
and said: "In the past, my predecessor King Xiong deduction and Lv_, Wangsun Mou, Xie father, avian father,
and serve the King of Kang, the four countries have a share of the
I only have no. Now I make people in the Zhou,
I am the only one who is not.
I am now sending a message to Zhou,
asking for a tripod to be divided among the four kingdoms, but will the king be with me?
"He said, "I am with the king!
In the past, my predecessor King Xiong deduction, open in Jingshan Mountain,
Wicker, in order to be in the reckless,
Trekking mountains and forests, in order to serve the Son of Heaven,
Only the peach arcs, spiny vectors, in order to **** the Royal Affairs.
Qi, the king's uncle;
Jin and Lu and Wei, the king's mother and brother.
Chu is to be undivided, and they all are.
This week and the four countries to serve the king, will only be ordered to follow,
will it love the tripod?" The king said:
"In the past, my royal ancestor uncle Kunwu, the old license is the house.
Today, the Zheng people are greedy for their fields, but not me.
If I ask for it, will he give it to me?
"The answer was: "With the king!
Zhou does not love the tripod, Zheng dare love the field?
"The king said: "In the past, the vassals are far from me and afraid of Jin,
Today, I am the big city of Chen, Cai, not soup, the endowment of all the thousands of rides,
Son and have to work. The lords are afraid of me?
"The answer is:" Fear the king!
It is the four countries, specialized enough to fear also,
and added to the Chu, dare not fear the king?
"Work Yin Lu please said: "The king ordered to peel the kyu as ___,
dare to please order." The king entered to see it.
Analysis of the father said Zi Ge: "My son,
Chu's hope also! Now that I have spoken to the king as if it were a ringing sound,
what will happen to the country?" Zi Ge said:
"Mo Li to the beard, the king out,
My blade will be chopped." The king came out,
repeatedly. The left historian leaned on the other side and tended to pass.
The king said: "is a good history,
Son good to see. Is able to read "three graves", "five canon", "eight Suo", "nine Qiu".
"Right said:" I tasted asked,
When King Mu wanted to be wanton, traveled around the world,
will be all must have rutted horse tracks. The king's father made a poem called "Praying for the Recruitment",
to stop the king's heart, and the king was killed in the palace of the goddess of mercy.
If I ask you about the poem, I don't know; if I ask you far away,
how can I know?" The king said:
"Can you?" Right said:
"Can. His Poetry said:
'Pray for the recruitment of the ___, style Zhao Deyin.
Thinking of my king's degree, style like jade,
style like gold. Form the people's strength,
and no drunkenness or satiety.'" The king bowed in,
feed not eat, sleep not sleep,
several days. Can not self-restraint,
as well as in the difficult. Zhongni said:
"In ancient times, there was also the aspiration: 'To restrain oneself and return to propriety,
ren.' The letter is good!
Chu Lingwang if you can do so, will not it be humiliated in Qianxi?
Two, Zuo Qiu Ming other poems
"Cao Yu on the battle", "Jian Shu crying division", "Candle Wu retreat Qin division", "Zheng Bo Keduan in the Visayas / do more than righteousness will be their own death", "Zhou and Zheng exchange of hostages". III. Notes
Rain and snow: snow.
Leather Crown: leather hat.
Qin Fu Tao (秦复陶): feathered clothes given by Qin.
Cui quilt: a shawl decorated with cui feathers.
Slippers: shoes.
Slipper: shoes.
Yu Yin: official name.
Evening: a visit at night.
She: put down.
Xiong Dai: the founder of Chu.
Lu_: the founder of the four states of Qi, Wei, Jin and Lu.
Kang Wang: i.e. King Kang of Zhou, the third generation of the Zhou kings.
Four States: refers to Qi, Wei, Jin and Lu.
Ding: regarded as the national treasure by the Xia, Shang and Zhou dynasties.
Beyond: the same as "out of the way".
Jing Mountain: the birthplace of the Chu people, now west of Nanzhang County, Hubei Province.
Wicker: firewood cart.
Blue wisps: tattered clothes. Bow made of mahogany and arrows made of spiny wood (sour jujube wood).
***: same as "offer". King Cheng of Zhou's mother was the daughter of Jiang Tai Gong.
Kunwu: a distant ancestor of Chu, who once lived in the land of Xu.
Xu: the sub-states of the early Zhou Dynasty.
Chen and Cai: originally sub-states of the Zhou, but later destroyed by Chu.
Bu Jou: the name of a place with two euphonies in the east and west.
Fu: a reference to military vehicles.
Four States: refers to Chen, Cai, and East and West Bujiao.
Four, Appreciation
Chu Ling Wang is a very controversial monarch in the late Spring and Autumn period, is the grandson of King Zhuang of Chu, the second son of King Chu ****, the younger brother of King Kang of Chu. After the death of King Kang of Chu, his youngest son assumed the throne as the king, and King Ling, who was the consul at that time, took advantage of the illness of the king, strangled him to death with his own hands, and established himself as the king. In the history of Chu, there has been a tradition of princes killing their kings and making themselves kings: King Cheng killed his brother and made himself king, King Mu killed his father and made himself king, while King Ling killed his nephew and made himself king. All three were recognized by their ministers, and sat on the throne; but in the Spring and Autumn Annals, they were still not immune from being ridiculed as rebellious ministers and thieves.
Since the king of Chu***, Chu's hegemony has been declining, Jin has gained the upper hand, and Wu has become powerful. After his accession to the throne, King Ling fought many battles with Wu, successively destroyed two Chinese vassal states, Chen and Cai, and built two large cities, East and West Bujiao, to deter the Central Plains, and finally overpowered Jin in the League of Nations to regain its hegemony. From this point of view, King Ling could be regarded as a rising lord. However, his hegemony relied entirely on force and pressure, unlike Duke Huan of Qi, Duke Wen of Jin, and King Zhuang of Chu, who used both might and virtue, and most of the lords in the Central Plains were not convinced, and there were a lot of unstable factors in the Chu state. Instead of adopting a soft approach to stabilize the foundation of his regime, King Ling once again sent out troops to fight with Wu for the state of Xu (the area of present-day Xuzhou), and the story of "Zi Ge versus King Ling" took place at this time.
The King of Ling led his army to station at Qianxi, not far from Xu, and showed off his force in the name of hunting. Look at the costumes he wore: a hat made of fur (Leather Crown), a feathered coat gifted by Qin (Qin Futao), a cloak made of kingfisher's feathers (Cui Quilt), shoes made of leopard's skin (Leopard Slipper), and a whip in his hand. The above costumes were extremely luxurious, with local specialties of Chu, as well as treasures offered by other lords, fully demonstrating the majesty of the king of Chu as the overlord. King Ling had always been famous for his grandeur, and Zi Yan, a famous minister of Zheng, had pointed out that this man was too vain and would not be able to have a good life in the future. When Zi Ge, a minister, came in to see him after returning from a hunting trip, King Ling took off his hat and cloak, and put down his whip as a sign of respect for his minister.
Who was this Zi Ge? Not a native minister of Chu, but a son of Zheng who came to Chu as a "political refugee" and whose original name was Zheng Dan, Zi Ge was his name. During the Spring and Autumn Period, there was a frequent flow of talents among the states, and there were many examples of "Chu and Jin", and there were also many talents from the Central Plains who fled to Chu. The fact that Zi Ge, as a downtrodden prince, was able to work as an assistant to the consul (right Yin) shows that Chu was not shy about appointing talented people. King Ling's next conversation with Zi Ge showed his full trust in him as a foreigner.
King Ling's question to Zi Ge was long, but the essence was simple: wanting this, wanting that, wanting everything, just being greedy. King Ling first recalled his ancestors' great service to the Zhou dynasty (in fact, Chu was a small state of less than a hundred miles in the Western Zhou Dynasty, nowhere near as great as King Ling boasted), and then pointed out in a nagging way that Qi, Jin, Lu, and Wei had all been given ceremonial weapons by the Zhou Emperor, but Chu had not. If they now send someone to ask for the ceremonial vessels from Zhou Tianzi, will Tianzi give them?
Zi Ge replied, "Surely I will give it! Our ancestors in Chu were industrious and brave, but at that time we were not relatives of the son of Zhou, so the son of heaven did not take us seriously. Today it's different, the Prince of Zhou is afraid of us, and Qi, Jin, Lu, and Wei all serve us, so if you, my lord, send someone to ask for a gift, how dare the Prince of Heaven not give it to us?"
This answer was very much to King Ling's liking, so he continued to ask, "This place, Xu (today's Xuchang), was originally the fiefdom of Chu's ancestor's uncle (more than 1,000 years have gone by, and King Ling still has the nerve to bring it up), and then the people of Zheng took over the land and didn't give it back to Chu. If Chu now sends someone to claim this land, will Zheng give it to us?
Zi Ge replied, "Surely we will! Even the Son of Heaven of Zhou dared not fail to give us our ceremonial weapons, how could Zheng dare to fail to give us the land?"
When King Ling heard these two answers, he was simply enraptured and his desire continued to swell, so he asked again, "Originally, the state of Jin dominated the Central Plains because Jin was closer to the Central Plains, and we, the state of Chu, were farther away from the Central Plains. Now that we have established four large cities in the Central Plains, Chen, Cai, and East and West Bujiao, all of which can field a thousand military vehicles, the lords should be afraid of us, right?
Zi Ge replied, "Surely they will be afraid! The strength of these four cities is enough to deter the lords, not to mention the strength of Chu itself. Who would dare not to be afraid of the Great King!"
By this point, King Ling's self-confidence and desire had swelled to such an extent that it was fortunate that the artisan came in to ask him to watch the jade being made, or else it would have been hard to imagine what naive questions he would have asked next.
There was much rudeness in King Ling's questions above. Zi Ge was a native of the state of Zheng, which had the same surname as the Zhou dynasty and was a vassal of China. Not only did King Ling ask him about ceding Zheng's land with a big grin, but he also openly proposed to intimidate the Son of Heaven of the Zhou Dynasty and suppress the Chinese vassals, without the slightest regard for Zi Ge's feelings as a native of Zheng, which could only show that he had been blinded by his desires. At that time, Chu was so powerful that it could intimidate the Zhou Dynasty and other vassals, but the tone of King Ling's question was like that of a child who wanted candies, which was not the proper style of a hegemon. The Han Dynasty's Ji An once satirized Emperor Wu of Han as having "many desires on the inside but practicing benevolence and righteousness on the outside," but King Ling of Chu was nakedly "many desires on the outside" and didn't even bother to put on the pretense of practicing benevolence and righteousness.
King Ling's desire and Zi Ge's greeting had indeed aroused the dissatisfaction of other ministers. The minister, Analyzing Father, took advantage of King Ling's absence and complained to Zi Ge, "You are a very prestigious person in our Chu state, now that the king is asking you questions and you only know how to be obsequious, what should we do about our country?" Zi Ge replied confidently, "I was sharpening my knife just now, and when the king comes out in a while, my blade is going to cut down!" The thinkers of the pre-Qin era did not advocate the offense of direct admonition, but rather advocate gentle and euphemistic sarcastic admonition, Yan Zi, Zou Ji, Meng Zi, etc. are typical of sarcastic admonition. Unfortunately, most of the later generation's admonition officials are greedy for fame and history, and take the offense as an honor, and the straight admonition as the right way, which is already far away from the way of admonition that Confucius praised.
When King Ling came out from the craftsman, Yixiang, the historian of Chu, happened to pass by. Then King Ling pointed to Yixiang and said, "This is our good historian of Chu, who can read the ancient books of the Three Graves, the Five Canons, the Eight Suo, and the Nine Qiu." The Three Graves and the Five Canons are books about the Three Emperors and the Five Emperors, the Eight Suo is a book about gossip and divination, and the Nine Hills is a book about the geography and human conditions of the nine states. King Ling proudly quoted the titles of these books, probably not to praise Yixiang's erudition, but to show off Chu's many talents and indirectly illustrate his greatness as a king. But this gave Zi Ge an opportunity to "put the knife in".
Zi Ge said disdainfully, "I once asked Yixiang if he could recite the poem "Praying for a Recruitment" to restrain King Mu's desire when he liked to travel around during his reign. (In fact, Zi Ge was just looking for an excuse, and it was not necessarily the case that Yixiang could not recite the poem.) Upon hearing this, the king of Ling really became interested, and asked Zi Ge to recite the "Prayer Recruitment" to him. Zi Ge then recited:
"How pleasant and serene is Sima Prayer Recruitment, spreading the sound of the king's virtue to the people. Think that our great king's virtue is like beautiful jade and like gold. He uses the people's strength in a limited way, and has no heart for wine and food."
--This poem means that the monarch should use the people's power according to the limit that the people can afford, and should not use the people's power to satisfy his own desires, and only then will the monarch be considered to have the virtue like gold and jade, and only then will his virtue be spread by the people of the world. "No drunkenness and satiety" is so out of place when compared with the mindset of King Ling, who was lustful and greedy for benefits just now! In the words of Confucius, this poem speaks of four words: "Kegeling oneself and returning to propriety."
The king of Chu Ling, though overwhelmed by desire, was no less a wise man, and quickly understood Zi Ge's meaning. He bowed to Zi Ge to express his gratitude, and returned to his resting place, and that day he could not eat or sleep - we know that it is easy for a person to be distracted when he is restraining his desires, and it is even easier for an ordinary person to restrain his addiction to cigarettes and alcohol, not to mention that the king of a country is restraining his desire for power. The result was tragic. Although Zi Ge's advice impressed the king of Ling, he could not restrain himself. The next year, a coup d'état broke out within the state of Chu. The militaristic King Ling was deposed and his younger brother ascended to the throne as king.
There were not many hegemons during the Spring and Autumn period who could die well, but there were quite a few who died for the world to laugh at, like King Ling. Duke Huan of Qi was the most virtuous ruler of Qin, but he lost many times to Jin because of his wisdom, and his descendants couldn't take a step out of the Hangu Pass for three hundred years; Duke Li of Jin defeated the Chu army in Yanling and dominated the Central Plains, but a few years later he was killed by his ministers, and was only buried in an oxcart; King Fu-chai of Wu successively defeated Qi, Jin and Chu, but died in the death of his own defeated men. Wu King Fu-chai defeated Qi, Jin and Chu successively, but died at the hands of his own defeated general, King Goujian of Yue, and the state of Wu fell with him. The poem, "There is no beginning, but there is an end", does not mean that the more difficult it is to get to the end, but that there will be a change in the mindset of successful people, once the desire to expand, even if you want to save your life is not easy, how can we talk about building a successful career?
Confucius said, "One day to restrain oneself, the world will return to benevolence." To restrain oneself means to restrain one's own desires; to restore propriety means to conform to the Zhou rituals. Once you can do to restrain yourself and return to the rites, then the world have to return to their own benevolence, will no longer have a desire to fill the pain, and will no longer have the impulse to self-destruction. Unfortunately, later generations of rationalists interpreted the four words "self-restraint and return to propriety" as "to preserve the principles of heaven and to curb human desires", which eventually turned into a one-sided talk about sexuality and the elimination of normal human desires, which is very far from the intention of Confucius and other philosophers of the pre-Qin dynasties.
V. Translation
Chu Zi hunted in the state to come, second in Yingwei, so that Danghou, Pan Zi, Sima Dudu, clamor Yin Wu, Lings Yin Xi Shuai division surrounded the Xu in order to fear Wu. The Chu Zi was in Qianxi, and thought of it as an aid.
The King of Ling of Chu came to the state to hunt in winter, and stationed himself at Yingwei, and sent Danghou, Panzi, Sima Dudu, Hao Yinwu, and Ling Yinxi to surround the state of Xu with their armies in order to terrorize the state of Wu. The king of Chu was stationed at Qianxi as their backup.
It rained and snowed, the king's skin was crowned, qin fu tao, cui quilt, leopard slipper, whip to go out, servant analyzing father from. Right Yin Zi Ge Xi, the king saw. Go to the crown was, give up the whip, and said: "In the past, my predecessor King Xiong deduction and Lv_, Wangsun Mou, Xie father, avian father, and serve the King of Kang, the four countries are divided, I only have nothing. Now I am sending someone to Zhou to ask for the tripod to be divided, the king is with me?"
When it snowed under the sky, the king of Chu wore a leather hat, a feathered coat of Qin, a shawl of kingfisher's feathers, and leopard-skin shoes, and went out holding a whip. The servant Analyzing Father followed. Zi Ge entered at night, and the king of Chu met him, took off his hat and cloak, threw away his whip, and talked with him, saying, "Once upon a time our late king Xiong Dui served King Kang of Zhou at the same time as Lv_ of Qi, Wang Sunmou of Wei, Xiefu of Jin, and Boqiu of Lu, and the four kingdoms all had their share of treasures and weapons, but only our country had none. Now I send a man to the Zhou chamber and ask for the Nine Cauldrons as a treasure weapon to be distributed to my country, will the King of Zhou give it to me?"
Responded, "With the king! In the past, my predecessor king Xiong deduction, open in the Jingshan Mountain, wickerwork, in order to be at the reckless, trekking mountains and forests, in order to serve the son of heaven, the only peach arcs, ratchet yards, in order to **** the royal affairs. Qi, the king's uncle; Jin and Lu, Wei, the king's mother and brother. Chu is to no points, and they all have. This week and four countries to serve the king, will only be ordered to follow, is not its love tripod?" The king said: "In the past, my father's uncle Kunwu, the old license is the house. Now the Zheng people rely on their fields, but not me and. If I ask for it, will it be with me?"
Yu Ge replied, "It will be given to the king! Once upon a time, our late king Xiong Chie was in a remote place in the Jing Mountains, with a wood cart and tattered clothes, living in the wilderness, trekking through the mountains and forests, serving the Son of Heaven, and having only this bow made of mahogany and arrows made of jujube wood for the use of the royal family in important matters. Qi was the uncle of the king of Zhou; Jin and Lu and Wei were the brothers of the same mother of the king of Zhou. Chu was therefore not given a share of the precious weapons, while they all had them. Now the Zhou family and the four states mentioned above all serve the king, and will be obedient to his orders, so will they begrudge the nine tripods?" The king of Chu said, "Once upon a time our distant ancestor, Uncle Kunwu, dwelt in the old land of Xu, and now the people of Zheng covet the fields there favorably, and do not give them to us. If we ask them for it, will it be given to us?"
Responding, he said, "With the king of kings! Zhou does not love the tripod, and Zheng dares to love the fields?" The king said, "In the past, the vassals were far away from me and feared Jin, but now I am in the great cities of Chen, Cai, and Bu Jou, and I am endowed with thousands of yards of land, and my son and I have had the labor to do it. Do the lords fear me?" He said, "I am afraid of the king! It is the four countries, specialized enough to fear also, and added to the Chu, dare not fear the king?"
Zi Ge replied, "It will be given to the king! If the Zhou family does not begrudge the nine tripods, will Zheng Yin dare to begrudge the fields?" The king of Chu said, "Before, the lords thought that our country was remote and feared Jin, but now we are vigorously building four cities of Chen, Cai, East and West Bujiao, and our military resources are up to 1,000 chariots, and your participation in them is meritorious, so will the lords be afraid of us?" Zi Ge replied, "Yes, they will fear the king! These four great cities alone are enough to make people fear us, and with the addition of the state of Chu, will they dare not fear the king?"
Worker Yin Lu asked, "The king ordered to strip the kyu as ___, and I dare to ask for orders." The king entered and looked at it. The analyzing father said to Zi Ge: "My son, the hope of the state of Chu! If you speak to the king like a voice, what will happen to your country?" Zi Ge said, "I'm going to chop off my blade when the king comes out."
Then the worker Yin Lu asked for instructions, "The king ordered to break open the gui yu to decorate the axe handle, and took the liberty of asking the king for instructions." The king of Chu went in to look. Servant Analyzing Father said to Ge, "You, a reputable man in Chu, now speak to the king as if answering like an echo, what will happen to the country?" Zi Ge said, "I sharpen the blade of quick speech to wait for the right time; when the king comes out, my blade will cut down."
The king came out and resumed speaking. The left history of the leaning phase tends to pass. The king said, "It is a good historian, and the son is good at seeing it. Is able to read the "three graves", "five canons", "eight soles", "nine hills"." Said: "I tasted the question, the former King Mu want to want to be free of its heart, traveling around the world, will be all must have ruts and horse tracks. The king's father made a poem called "Praying for the Recruitment" to stop the king's heart, and the king was lost in the palace of the goddess. I asked him about the poem, but I didn't know; if I had asked him about it, how could I have known?"
The king of Chu came out, and again the conversation went on. The left historian, Yixiang, passed before him with small, quick steps, and the king of Chu said, "This man is a good historian; you must regard him well. This man can read such ancient books as the Three Graves, the Five Canons, the Eight Suo, and the Nine Churches." Zi Ge replied, "My humble servant once asked him, "Once upon a time King Mu of Zhou wanted to travel all over the world as he wished, and to make all the world leave his ruts and horse tracks. The king was able to stop his greed by composing the poem "Praying for Recruitment," and he was able to live out his life in the palace. His ministers asked him about the verse but did not know it. How can he know if he asks about age-old things?"
The king said, "Can the son?" The answer was, "Yes. His Poetry says: 'Pray for the recruitment of the ___, style Zhao Deyin. Think of my king's degree, style as jade, style as gold. Shape the people's strength, but no drunkenness and satiety.'"
The king of Chu said, "Can you?" Zi Ge replied, "I can. That poem says, 'The music of the Prayer Invocation is harmonious and expresses the sound of virtue.' Think of our king's temperament, which resembles jade and gold. Preserving the strength of the people without greed like drunken satiety."
The king bowed in, fed without food, and slept without sleep for several days. He could not overcome himself, as well as in difficulty.
The king of Chu made a bow and went in, and for several days, fed without food, lay down without sleep, and still could not restrain himself, so that he met with trouble.
Zhong Ni said: "Ancient also has the will: 'Restrain yourself and return to the rites, benevolence also.' The letter is good! If King Ling of Chu could do so, would he not be dishonored by Qianxi?"
Zi said, "It is written in ancient times, 'To restrain oneself and return to etiquette is benevolence.' How well said! If King Ling of Chu could be like this, would he have been humiliated at Qianxi?"
Poems of the same dynasty
"Song of Cai Wei", "The First Month of the Spring King", "Ping of the Song People and the Chu People", "Wu Zi Makes Za to Come to Hire", "Yu Shi Jin Shi Destroys Xia Yang", "Zheng Bo Kegs Duan in the Visayas", "Zeng Sen Cooks a Swine", "Zhizi Misconceives His Neighbors", "Shikuang Crashes the Duke of Jin Ping", and "Abuse and Abuse".
Click here for more detailed information about Zi Ge to Ling Wang
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