How to write a thesis topic on "urban planning, construction and development"?

.3 The Layout of Innovative Development

Innovation is the eternal driving force of urban development and an important manifestation of urban humanism. With the globalization of the economy and the internationalization of the city, the core elements of the city's economic and social development from the natural factors give way to intellectual factors, the ability to innovate more and more become the decisive force of urban development. Hangzhou to protect and develop its economic, scientific and technological, cultural center of zhejiang province and the yangtze river delta deputy central city of strategic role, must focus on enhancing the innovation function, really become a "knowledge of entrepreneurship" paradise. Enhance the function of innovation, first of all, to cultivate and enhance the source of innovation, the focus of its work refers more to the creation of attracting talent, capital and other advanced elements of the mechanism and environment.

4. City Architecture

Playing the "taste card", showing artistic characteristics. The city should become an open museum of architectural artifacts, and the vast majority of urban buildings should be built according to the standard of artistic ornamental value. Municipal government, stations, schools, art galleries and other important public **** building, in accordance with the standards of architectural artifacts to the design and construction; street buildings should pay attention to the beautiful shape, beautiful appearance, soft colors. The whole city and every street should have clear requirements for the style, shape, color tone, height and other factors of the building, against the appearance of cloning and similarity of architectural shapes, to give life to the culture and art of the city buildings, and strive to build a modern city that is a blend of Chinese and Western, rich in features and personality.

4.1 Characteristics of urban ecosystem

The modern city is a kind of fragile artificial ecosystem, which is exhaustive in ecological process, and its biggest characteristic is the high density of population; the urban ecosystem is incomplete and open-ended, which is mainly reflected in the need for other ecosystems (such as agro-ecosystems, forest ecosystems, marine ecosystems, etc.), and the need for man-made input of large amounts of energy and marine ecosystems. It needs to input a lot of energy and material artificially, and at the same time, a large amount of waste excreted from human production and life in the city can not be completely decomposed in the system, but also needs to be processed and digested in other ecosystems (such as farmland, the ocean, etc.).

The city occupies a very small part of the space in the natural world, but concentrates a large number of people, transportation and information flow, the establishment of a large number of artificial facilities, and the production of pollutants that damage the urban environment, changing the original ecological balance, resulting in changes in the physical environment of the city, such as the urban heat island effect, the greenhouse effect, soil sclerosis and so on. Urban ecosystem, the development process of urbanization continues to affect human beings themselves, he changed the human production, living patterns, creating a high degree of material civilization, at the same time, the environmental pollution caused by it also affects human health, triggering public nuisance.

4.2 Characteristics of urban landscape and spatial design

The city is an open and complex system, which contains a large number of material constituents and a number of sub-systems, and is the material carrier of human activities. Urban landscape and spatial form is the physical manifestation of people's subjective will, cohesion of human wisdom, emotion, imagination and the pursuit of ideals. Urban landscape and space are closely related to people's lives, and there is mutual influence between the two: people's subjective will guides the construction of urban landscape and space, and exerts influence on the existing environment; urban landscape and space conveys unlimited information to people, supports people's activities, and enriches people's life content.

The city is a continuous development process, and the evolution of urban landscape and space is influenced by both "space" and "time", i.e., people can obtain all kinds of material elements to create urban landscape and space in any time segment; similarly, people can obtain all kinds of material elements to create urban landscape and space in any time segment; likewise, people can obtain all kinds of material elements to create urban landscape and space in any time segment. Similarly, any urban landscape environment being created has to consider the significance of time: the historical continuity of "past time", the application significance of "present time" and the ideal pursuit of "future time". The ideal pursuit of "future time". The essence of urban landscape is a material expression of people's subjective will, reflecting people's values and worldview at different times.

Therefore, we can also say that the correct and reasonable urban landscape design and planning concepts are not inherently contradictory to the theory of sustainable development, but should be complementary.

4.3 The relationship between modern urban landscape and ecological planning is very close.

Landscape ecology is an emerging cross-discipline, mainly studying the interaction of spatial patterns and ecological processes, and its theme is the intersection of geography and ecology. It takes the whole landscape as the object, through the transmission and exchange of material flow, energy flow, information flow and value flow in the earth's surface layer, through the interaction and transformation between living and non-living things as well as human beings, and applies ecosystem principles and systematic methods to study the structure and function of the landscape, the dynamic change of the landscape has been interaction mechanism, and the study of the landscape landscaping pattern, optimization of the structure, rational use and protection, which is of a very strong It has a strong practicality.

The urban ecosystem is a natural, economic and social composite artificial ecosystem, which includes the life system, environmental system, and has a complex multi-level structure, and can study the interrelationships and impacts of human activities and cities from different angles. Urban environmental planning as a macro-guidance and coordination of sectoral interests, optimize the allocation of urban land resources, rational organization of the urban spatial environment of the important strategic deployment, must have an ecological view. Only with an ecological view, can guide the city in the future construction of the various towards the goal of eco-city, the establishment of efficient and harmonious human environment.

In recent years, landscape planning has been widely used in the protection of urban landscape features and urban environmental design. As early as the 1960s, the United States and other developed countries began to use it in architecture and planning, creating a precedent for landscape planning and environmental design. Its goal is to create a coordinated and harmonious atmosphere between human beings and their environment, and to establish a harmonious relationship between land development and utilization and environmental resource protection.

5. Connotation of modern ecological planning

Modern ecological planning can basically be understood as: applying the basic principles of ecology, according to the information of economy, society, nature and other aspects, from a macro and comprehensive perspective, participate in the research and decision-making of the national and regional development strategy or medium- and long-term development planning, and put forward a reasonable development strategy and development level, as well as corresponding measures for land and resource utilization, ecological construction and environmental protection measures, so as to harmonize the relationship among population, economy, resources and environment from the overall benefit and create a comfortable and harmonious living and working environment. The theoretical basis of modern eco-planning The theoretical basis of modern eco-planning is not yet very mature, the three basic principles of ecology can basically be used as the theoretical basis of modern eco-planning.

5.1 The principle of wholeness. Whether it is ecological construction or ecological planning, are very much emphasis on the macro overall benefits, the pursuit of not only local ecological and environmental benefits, not only the economy, society, the environment in one aspect of the benefits of the increase, but to seek economic, social and environmental benefits of the three coordinated and synchronized development, and there is a clear regional and global nature.

5.2 Recycling principle. The natural biological enrichment of nutrients, transformation, decomposition and the process of living in the application of industrial and agricultural production and ecological construction and ecological planning, so that natural resources (including land resources, water resources, forestry resources, plant and animal resources, mineral resources and tourism resources) to get the best use of natural resources, so as to protect natural resources, to protect the health of human beings and several living environments, so that the waste on the environment and the hazards to human beings to the minimum.

5.3 Regional differentiation principle. Ecological construction and ecological planning emphasize the diversity of ecosystems and regional differences, should be for different regions of the economic, social, natural conditions and ecological environment to designate different ecological construction and ecological planning guidelines, for different resources to take corresponding protection and use of countermeasures.

6. Eco-city design

Do a good job of eco-city design, in order to truly realize the ecological goals of the city, and reflect the characteristics and attractiveness of different cities have urban ecological environment, urban culture, urban image, urban style. Its basic design has three aspects: urban landscape design, urban industry design, and urban settlement design.

The goal of urban landscape design is to establish a natural ecosystem in the city composed of humanistic landscape and all kinds of natural ecological landscape, which is mainly composed of architecture, garden and so on. Architectural landscape design focuses on the planning and design of space skyline on the basis of plane planning, characterized by architectural landscape design along the main street, to do a good job in the high-rise super-high-rise architectural landscape design at the same time, the appropriate arrangement of low-rise ecological buildings.

The focus of the landscape design is to do a good job along the rivers, rivers, lakes, streams and other banks of the forest belt and urban parks, city plaza landscape design, ecological environment, urban culture, historical tradition and modern concepts and modern living requirements in one, to improve ecological benefits, landscape effect and **** enjoyment. All kinds of natural ecological landscape design focuses on improving the infrastructure, perfecting ecological functions, improving its ecological efficiency, landscape effect and **** enjoyability. We should use the principle of ecological architecture to carry out scientific planning and design of residential areas, and form a living environment composed of ecological architecture and perfect infrastructure, as well as a social ecosystem including spiritual civilization. The design of residential areas should adhere to the following principles, choose the best location and development scale of urban residential areas.

Secondly, energy saving and low consumption without pollution, that is, in the building materials is to make adhere to the principle of environmental protection, to avoid light pollution, chemical pollution, radioactive pollution caused by building materials. To give full consideration to the direction of the building, spacing, etc., in order to solve the residential lighting, indoor ventilation and other health issues.

Third, the application of ecological technology to deal with domestic excreta and domestic waste. Fourthly, the green coverage rate of residential areas is substantially increased by increasing the green space in residential areas, promoting roof greening, vertical greening, and slope bank greening of lakes, rivers and streams water bodies. Residential areas are provided with centralized green areas. Public **** green space must be greater than 1.5 square meters per capita. Fifth, increase the cultural and sports facilities in residential areas. The formation of the city from our ancestors "by the water and grass and live" survival guidelines, the construction of eco-city must make full use of the natural ecological basis of the so-called full use, one is to protect, and the second is to enhance. From practical experience, only by fully utilizing the natural ecological foundation, can we build a true sense of ecological city.

7. Conclusion

In conclusion, urban planning is scientific and rigorous, and is a subject worthy of deep thought in the construction of modern cities in China, what kind of architectural art will be left for the future, what kind of living atmosphere will be created for people's lives, and what kind of efforts will be made for sustainable development. Focusing on urban planning is what every designer should do, and it is also the endeavor of our generation, even several generations.