What are the customs of Heilongjiang people?

1, fishing and hunting on the glacier

Wanda Mountain Range extends at the confluence of Heilongjiang, Songhua River and Wusuli River. Here, the rich forest and aquatic resources nourish a Hezhe nationality with a population of only over 4,000, but in the long history, they trudged stubbornly and created a unique fishing and hunting culture in the north. ?

Hezhe people live in Bacha, Jiejinkou Ethnic Township in Tongjiang City,  Province, Sipai Ethnic Township in Raohe County and Aoqi Village on the outskirts of Jiamusi. Entering Heilongjiang along Songhua River and then turning to Wusuli River can not only appreciate the scenery of the north, but also explore and experience the long history and splendid culture of Hezhe nationality.

2. Ice and snow buildings

The winter in Heilongjiang is long, the climate is cold and dry, and the average temperature in winter is-15℃ to -30℃. I'm afraid it is unimaginable for people in other areas to live in such a cold environment.

In the process of adapting and transforming the living environment for a long time, the people in Northeast China have experienced a long process of conquering nature, from digging holes to making ice lanterns and snow sculpture by using ice and snow resources at will, forming a unique ice and snow architectural culture.

The ice and snow buildings in Northeast China started from underground. In order to survive in the cold wind and snow, the ancient nationalities in Northeast China "often live in caves, which is deeper and more expensive." Go down to Jiuti Cave, make a brazier in the cave, and use branches, firewood or skin around it to keep out the cold. However, due to poor underground lighting and ventilation conditions, people began to use wood and some grass to walk from the deep underground to the shallow underground and even to the ground. The "cellar" and "horse shelf" where Hezhe people lived in the early days are such transitional residences.

3. The custom of eating ice and snow

The winter in Heilongjiang is cold, but the cold natural conditions greatly enrich the ice and snow food here. The ice and snow food in Heilongjiang is oily but not greasy, fresh and delicious, crystal clear and nutritious. The unique taste contains the cultural characteristics of the northern ice and snow, which is an indispensable part of the northern ice and snow culture. There are many kinds of frozen pears, frozen persimmons, frozen apples and frozen begonia.

The best frozen fruit is frozen pear.

Frozen pears are dark and hard as iron eggs, leaving white marks on every bite. To eat frozen pears, warm them in cold water first. Pears that have just entered the water will also form a thick layer of ice on the skin, but they will soon melt and soften. Take a sip of water, the pear is sweet, sour and cold, and immediately feel refreshed after eating it. Especially after drinking, you can eat an iced pear, which not only relieves alcohol, but also helps digestion.

As early as the Liao Dynasty (907- 1 125), the Qidan people in the northeast had the habit of eating frozen pears. According to Pang's Miscellaneous Notes on Wenjing, the Qidan people soaked the frozen pears in cold water for a long time, and when the outside was frozen, they knocked them out and the pears melted.

4, eat freezing point in winter

Eating freezing point in winter is a unique preference of Heilongjiang people. People walking in the street, wrapped in cotton hats, wearing fur coats and gloves, eating and drinking with popsicles are staggering.

5. Frozen jiaozi?

Before the Spring Festival, every household will pack a lot of jiaozi overnight and freeze it outdoors. Frozen jiaozi, tinkling and non-sticky, is packed in a big bag and cooked while eating. Because every family in Heilongjiang has an outdoor natural "big refrigerator", once you work hard, you can avoid the pain of cooking every day.

6. Frozen tofu

Tofu is one of the main non-staple foods in Northeast China in winter. Send the whole plate of fresh tofu to the outdoor for freezing. Frozen tofu is different from fresh tofu. The inside is honeycomb-shaped and has a unique taste. When it is cooked with meat, chicken or various vegetables, it can easily absorb the taste and nutrition of soup, and it tastes soft and tasteless, just like a toaster in the south.

7. Northeast duet performance

Errenzhuan, also known as "tiao", originated and prevailed in three northeastern provinces (Hei, Ji and Liao). It is a kind of folk art with strong local characteristics, and it is a living folk art with a history of more than 300 years. Its songbook language is easy to understand, humorous and full of life breath; Its singing is loud and hot, rustic and melodious.

Errenzhuan truly reflects the thoughts, feelings, personality characteristics, hobbies and customs of the working people in Northeast China, and has long been deeply loved by the people in Northeast China, especially farmers. There is a folk saying that "it is better to give up a meal than pass it on", which shows the deep influence of Errenzhuan. ?

The continuous development and perfection of Errenzhuan fully embodies the working people in Northeast China's pursuit of artistic beauty and the creative spirit of keeping pace with the times. The performance of Errenzhuan is basically composed of two actors, a woman (top) and a man (bottom). They sang while talking, subcontracted, described and performed stories, with the prominent feature of "Thousands of troops and horses are us".

Accompaniment instruments are mainly banhu, erhu, suona (trumpet) and electronic organ. The performance pays attention to "singing, speaking, pretending and dancing", talking about crops, singing crops, gagging, being witty and flexible, playing characters to convey the truth with form, confusing the false with the true, and paying attention to "two people play one role and people are distracted" and "one person plays multiple roles and people are not distracted".

The dance of Errenzhuan is even more unique, with unique shoulder skills, waist skills and footwork, especially wrist skills, including flat wrist, flip wrist, swing wrist, press wrist, wrap wrist and shake wrist, which are amazing. Handkerchief flowers, fan flowers, swaying willows, fairy picking beans, golden dragons, jade pillars and other actors are unique and unique. It is "singing well, dancing beautifully, funny, realistic and exquisite", which is synthesized by the five pillars of Islam and appeals to both refined and popular tastes.

8. Northeast Yangko Performance

Northeast yangko has a long history and is an artistic wealth created and accumulated by the working people in the north for a long time. It originated from the working life of transplanting rice seedlings and ploughing fields, and was related to the carols and songs sung in ancient times to pray for harvest and disaster. In the process of development, we constantly absorbed the skills and forms of agricultural songs, yangko, folk martial arts, acrobatics and traditional operas, thus developing from ordinary yangko singing to a popular singing method today.

Today's Northeast Yangko is humorous in form and unique in style. The vast black land endows it with primitive and uninhibited spirituality and amorous feelings, which combines pungent, humorous, quiet and steady, vividly showing the warm and simple personality characteristics of the Northeast people. Steady waves, waves, stalks, stalks, stepping on the board and twisting the waist are the biggest characteristics of Northeast Yangko. At the same time, a variety of "flowers in the hands", bright and elastic drums, heavy blows, pretty, quiet, steady and beautiful rhythms are all characteristics of Northeast Yangko.