Historical Evolution of Suiling Black Pottery

During the period of the Republic of China, the handicraft production in Suiling County had already produced ironwood, wine, oil, leather, pottery and firecrackers.

After the publication of 1956 Suiling County Records (version 1988), handicraft enterprises such as arts and crafts, ceramics and mirrors appeared in China.

1957, after liberation, the private kiln factory of Koushi in Suiling was changed into a earthen pot factory, and the site was moved from Shangji Town to Suiling County. Wapen Factory mainly produces large and small clay pots and rural water tanks.

1In the early 1960s, Mr. Liu Jiadi of Heilongjiang Institute of Arts and Crafts accidentally discovered Suiling black pottery during a folk art inspection, and became interested in quaint black pottery products. He reported to the Heilongjiang Academy of Arts and Crafts and the provincial foreign trade company, and at the same time began to sort out and excavate Suiling black pottery.

196 1 In the spring of, Heilongjiang Handicraft Administration held the first "Heilongjiang Arts and Crafts Exhibition" in Harbin, and Suiling County Wapen Factory presented four double-layer hollowed-out flowerpots for the first time.

That year, Comrade Liu Jiadi and Comrade Wang Jianguo from Heilongjiang Handicraft Administration visited Suiling Wapen Factory.

From 196 1, Mr. Liu Jiadi organized a number of professional designers to help guide the creation in Suiling Pottery Factory. Probably 1967, mainly including Zhang Xianghe, Jiang Shilu, who graduated from the Ceramic Department of the Central Academy of Arts and Crafts, and Jiang Shilu, a bookbinding major; Yang Shichang, Luan Pingxiu and Wu Naiguang graduated from the Sculpture Department of Harbin Institute of Art; And Zhang Jingchun, an old artist of Harbin clay sculpture, went deep into Suiling Pottery Factory to provide designers and sculptors with professional knowledge such as modeling and patterns, held professional classes, provided technical books and materials, and designed carving techniques in the Pottery Factory.

1962, Kou is an old worker in the flowerpot workshop of Suiling Ceramics Factory, making craft ceramic flowerpots.

That year, Suiling County Arts and Crafts Pot Factory was established, formerly known as Pot Factory Pot Workshop, located outside the north gate of the county (west of No.11 Specialized Road of Longjiang Food Site); 1977 was separated from earthenware factory, which was called arts and crafts pottery factory at that time. At that time, the west yard of pickles factory on the north side of Ximenwai Road was a local state-owned enterprise.

1963, the famous clay sculpture artist "Zhang Man" came to Suiling Pottery Factory twice to communicate. He pinched a sitting statue of Chairman Mao with yellow mud, and also pinched several Buddha statues and several figures of Mulan joining the army.

During the period of 1967, Suiling black pottery was exhibited at the first China Export Commodities Fair. Premier the State Council personally met with Kou and praised the foreign trade personnel accompanying him: "Why not exchange loess for gold?" Vice Premier Wan Li quoted Premier Zhou again at the end of the fair, so Suiling Black Pottery became famous.

1965 In the autumn, Mr. Liu Jiadi and Qin Jiang, the former chief craftsman of Harbin Arts and Crafts Company, sent the double-layer carved black pottery brush washing from Suiling to Vice Chairman Guo Moruo for appreciation. Lao Guo said, "This kind of modern black pottery is unprecedented, with a strong local flavor, which is very simple, clumsy and good, a bit like ancient pottery. Is a folk thing, should be well cultivated ... "Lao Guo fully affirmed the Suiling black pottery.

Since 1965, Suiling pottery flowerpot has won the favor of Chinese and foreign customers with its elegant and handsome charm, and has been sold in Beijing, Shanghai, Hong Kong, London and other places. At the Canton Fair, Japanese merchants ordered 1700 pieces at one time. Since then, Suiling black pottery has been exported to more than 20 countries and regions such as Hong Kong, Britain, Japan, Poland, Canada, Australia, Spain, Jordan, Argentina, Singapore, Uruguay, South Korea, etc., with an annual output of 654.38+million to 654.38+million pieces, and its products sell well in large and medium-sized cities across the country.

1966, suiling pottery factory designed a double-layer flowerpot with the product number of 6602, which was the first design at that time.

1966, at the beginning of the cultural revolution, Suiling earthenware factory was forced to stop production and became the "four old houses" and was destroyed. All the employees have changed careers. The factory director was transferred to Suiling Chemical Fertilizer Plant as a secretary in summer, and Kou was transferred to the power plant to burn boilers. Suiling black pottery, which has a certain influence on the domestic and foreign handicraft market, disappeared overnight.

1967, the product number is 6602 flowerpot, and 10 was exported to Japan for the first time.

1972, Heilongjiang arts and crafts company resumed its organizational system. Mr. Liu Jiadi, who has always been concerned about the fate of Suiling black pottery, put forward the idea of restoring the production of earthenware to the leaders of the county handicraft bureau, the county magistrate and the county party secretary, and got their support. Xia and Kouwei were both transferred back, and the earthenware factory in Suiling County quickly resumed production.

1973, Suiling Ceramic Factory was renamed Suiling Meitao Factory. In the same year, the Central Arts and Crafts Corporation allocated 200,000 technical fees to build a new factory building with brick-concrete structure.

1970s, Suiling black pottery was mainly designed and created by the second generation successor Kou. 1977 in order to support traditional folk crafts, the state has transformed Suiling Arts and Crafts Pottery Factory from a large collective enterprise into a state-owned enterprise, and expanded the original factory. After the expansion, the number of workers increased from dozens to more than 400 at most, and Suiling black pottery entered its heyday.

1977 Chairman Mao Memorial Hall completed. The preparatory group for the memorial designated the black pottery in Suiling, Heilongjiang Province as a decoration. Suiling County fired a large black pottery flowerpot with a height of 80 cm and a diameter of 60 cm and sent it to the Chairman Mao Memorial Hall Administration. Eight black pottery flower pots were placed in the viewing platform of Chairman Mao Memorial Hall, and two black pottery vases were placed in the lobby of the Great Hall of the People.

At that time, Suiling Arts and Crafts Pottery Factory had a factory area of 2 124 square meters, a workshop area of 2,500 square meters, employees 179 people and 2 mud refiners. The output value is 400,000 yuan, the profit is 22,000 yuan and the net value of fixed assets is 300,000 yuan.

From 1978 to 1979, Mr. Liu Jiadi wrote many articles for Heilongjiang Radio and Heilongjiang Daily to publicize and introduce Suiling black pottery, which expanded the influence of Suiling black pottery.

From 65438 to 0979, Suiling Black Pottery was awarded as one of the "Top Ten Ceramics Brands in China" at the Second China Ceramics Expo.

That year, with the "flying south" of more than 20 technicians from Suiling Arts and Crafts Pottery Factory, the production skills of Suiling black pottery were spread all over Liaoning, Hebei, Shandong and other provinces.

1By the end of 1970s, there were more than 30 varieties of black pottery, and the quality and grade were constantly improved, with an annual output of 400,000 pieces.

1982, People's Pictorial reported the story of Suiling black pottery and arts and crafts artist Kou in a full page.

1982 10 10 On 25th October, the 6602 double-layer hollowed-out carved flowerpot produced by Suiling Arts and Crafts Pot Factory was awarded as a quality product in Heilongjiang Province, and the Heilongjiang Provincial Economic Commission issued a certificate.

That year, Suiling Arts and Crafts Pottery Factory adopted sodium humate, and the finished product rate reached 96%.

1984, Suiling Arts and Crafts Pottery Factory had a factory area of 4 164 square meters, a workshop area of 2,765 square meters, employees 157 people, 29 sets of main equipment, and also produced wickerwork products and cold drinks, with an output value of 260,000 yuan, a net fixed asset value of 448,000 yuan and a profit of 21.

1985 the output value of arts and crafts pottery factory193,000 yuan, the profit was flat, the tax paid was 8,000 yuan, and 78,700 flowerpots were produced.

1990s, under the impact of the market economy, due to the loss of enterprises for years, artists went south one after another, and Suiling black pottery entered a trough.

In June, 1998, Decoration Magazine of Central Academy of Arts and Crafts (No.6, 1998) published Mr. Liu Jiadi's article "Suiling Black Pottery Review".

200 1 Heilongjiang Fine Arts Publishing House published the book Pottery and Art by Professor Yang Yongshan, Vice President of China University of Arts and Crafts. This book is the earliest and most comprehensive introduction of China ceramics in China, and Suiling black pottery with unique style is highly praised.

In 2006, Suiling County Party Committee and government put the development of black pottery industry as a long-term strategic task on the important agenda, made every effort to promote it and gave key support. Suiling black pottery has renewed its vitality and vigor.

On September 24, 2006, Wang Liqiu, Cui and his party visited Suiling Modern Black Pottery Culture and Art Co., Ltd. ... Suihua College identified Suiling Black Pottery and Helen Paper-cutting as key research projects.

From June 5438 to October 2006 10, Suiling Economic Bureau collected old works from the original Suiling Arts and Crafts Ceramics Factory and set up a simple Suiling Black Pottery Exhibition Hall.

On February 8, 2007, "Suiling Black Pottery Making Skills" was selected as the first batch of intangible cultural heritage in Heilongjiang Province.

Liu Xingyin, who started his business in Russia from June 5438 to October 2007, returned to his hometown and founded Suiling Modern Black Pottery Culture and Art Co., Ltd.

On August 6th, 2007, Suiling county government made a five-year development plan for the black pottery industry in Suiling county.

On June 7th, 2007, Xu, Vice President and Secretary General of Heilongjiang Arts and Crafts Association, Zhao Quan, Vice President, and Yang Baoyuan, an expert on black pottery, came to Suiling and visited three black pottery production enterprises in Suiling respectively to investigate the development status of black pottery products and black pottery industry in Suiling.

On June 5th, 2007, at the 18th China Harbin International Economic and Trade Fair, the portal of Heilongjiang Provincial Government and Xinhua Heilongjiang Channel jointly interviewed Song Shusheng, deputy secretary of Suiling County Committee and county magistrate. Song Shusheng, the county magistrate, introduced the basic situation of establishing "the hometown of black pottery in China" in Suiling County.

On June 5438+February 65438+February 9, 2007, Suiling Black Pottery Exhibition, co-sponsored by Heilongjiang Daily Group, Suihua Municipal People's Government and Suiling County People's Government, was grandly opened in Heilongjiang Daily Art Museum.

On August 7, 2008, Suiling Modern Black Pottery Culture and Art Co., Ltd. applied for the national patent of Lingtou black pottery production method.

In August 2008, Suiling Modern Black Pottery Culture and Art Co., Ltd. formulated the production standard of black pottery enterprises (black pottery standard number: Q/SXHT001-2008), which effectively standardized the black pottery production market and laid the foundation for the healthy development of Suiling black pottery.

On August 20, 2008, Suiling Modern Black Pottery Culture and Art Co., Ltd. developed Lingguang Black Pottery, which was favored by collectors and applied for a national patent.

In the essay "2 1 Century Primary and Secondary School Students' Quality Education Library", Suiling black pottery is juxtaposed with Jingdezhen porcelain, Yixing pottery, Tongguan pottery and other 23 famous porcelain, and the carved hollow flowerpots are unparalleled in the world, which is regarded as the treasure of China ceramics.

Note: According to the Annals of Suiling County (version 1988), Memoirs of Mr. Liu Jiadi, Relevant Information of Suiling County Party Committee and County Government, and the memories of the parties concerned, the Memorabilia of Suiling Black Pottery is for reference only, and is not for demonstration.

In 2009, Sui Ling walked into Diaoyutai State Guesthouse.

20 10, Suiling black pottery entered the Shanghai World Expo;

On the morning of 201018, Wang, then Governor of Heilongjiang Province, inspected the work in Suiling and visited the modern black pottery in Suiling County. Give the black pottery of Lingtou in Suiling the reputation of "national treasure of black soil".

2011June 10, Dong Qing, the host of CCTV's Happy China Tour, introduced the Lingtou black pottery in Suiling.