What is the significance and function of Changchun Confucian Temple?

In Changchun City, Jilin Province, there is a palace-like ancient building complex with a history of 130 years. It is solemn, elegant and solemn, and it is the Confucian Temple in Changchun.

The Confucian Temple in Changchun was built during the Tongzhi period of Qing Dynasty (1872), which entrusted the long-cherished wish of Changchun people and hoped that students could gain more fame and talents. It is a place where students worship Confucius.

According to historical records, the Confucian Temple was originally built with donations from local squire Zhu Chen. Later, during the Guangxu period, Yang Tonggui and Zhao Pengdi, then the governor of Changchun, presided over two large-scale maintenance and expansion, forming a touching scene of "the ancient elm trees in front of the door are towering, the altar is full of flowers and plants, Chi Pan is like the moon, and Hongqiao flies up".

The Confucius Temple in Changchun is an antique building with three courtyards, surrounded by halls and gates. From south to north, it consists of Zhaobi, Chi Pan, Panqiao, Xingxingmen, Dongxi Dressing Hall, Confucius Temple, Mencius Temple, Dongxi Affiliated Hall, Dachengmen, Dachengdian and Shen Chong Temple. The overall layout is rigorous and patchwork.

Chi Pan is the pool in front of Gong Xue in ancient times, also known as "dish water". According to legend, ancient scholars had to wade through the water of Chi Pan to worship Confucius. Therefore, a scholar is called "entering the Pan". The single-span arch bridge on the shelf of Chi Pan is called Panqiao. According to legend, in ancient imperial examinations, only the champion was qualified to cross this bridge, hence the name "Champion Bridge".

Changchun Confucian Temple does not open the main entrance, but there is a wall in front, and the entrance and exit pass through the "Ritual Gate" and "Easy Road" on both sides. Legend has it that there was a rule in the past: you must wait for someone in the local area to win the first prize before you can open the door here, and you can welcome the outstanding people of "Mingyue Song" into the temple to visit Confucius. No one will open the door to the first prize. Changchun Confucian Temple has been adhering to this tradition, and 100 has never been opened for more than years.

The "Lingxingmen" in the Confucian Temple was written by Emperor Qianlong. Because Confucius is said to be a star from the sky and educated on earth, the first gate of the Confucius Temple is named after Ling Xing, which means that respecting Confucius is like respecting heaven.

Lingxingmen is an archway composed of four granite pillars, with a "god beast" at the top of each pillar and the word "Lingxingmen" in the middle of the arch beam. The so-called "Quxing" is the "Wenquxing" in ancient legends. It is a symbol of deifying Confucius to let "Wenquxing" and "God beast" be the gatekeepers of Confucius.

There is a world-famous statue of Confucius in the Confucius Temple. The image of Confucius is tall and burly, and his body leans forward slightly, which fully embodies the form of three people walking together. There must be a teacher, and I will be respectful to the teacher.

His honest face has gone through many vicissitudes, and every wrinkle on his face tells the hard journey of traveling around the world and his practice of his own life beliefs. It seems to convince people that a better life is based on benefiting the people, the country and benevolence. Only by perseverance, courage to endure hardships, pride in suffering and delight in educating the public can it be realized.

His broad and simple skirt symbolizes broad mind and broad mind, reminding people to be broad-minded and not selfish at all times. His feet firmly stand on the solid land of China, reminding people to keep their feet on the ground and do things.

On both sides of the statue of Confucius, there are two dressing halls in the east and west, which were originally places for worshippers to change clothes and rest, and later became a concentrated display of Confucius' story of traveling around the world and the influence of Confucius' Confucianism. The East-West Annex Hall, also known as the East and Xi Dynasties, is specially designed for 72 disciples of the famous Confucianism and Confucius.

Dacheng Hall, the main building of the Confucian Temple, is a double-cornice, mountain-resting palace roof, which is patchwork and beautifully carved. Dacheng Hall is14.5m high. It was built entirely by tenon riveting. The color picture above was painted in the late Qing Dynasty, which complements the gray tile roof and is simple and elegant.

The statue of Confucius, the most sacred master, is enshrined in the center of the temple. The four characters "forever teacher" were inscribed by Emperor Kangxi of the Qing Dynasty, and the word "teacher" was missing from "forever teacher". It is said that Emperor Kangxi deliberately concealed the inscription in order to show his respect for Confucius. Couplets inscribed on the left and right sides for Emperor Qianlong;

When the gas is prepared for four seasons, it is in harmony with heaven, earth, ghosts, the sun and the moon;

Teaching is eternal, follow Tang as a teacher.

Confucius wore twelve crowns, twelve royal robes, a cloud shoe and a gift from the emperor. On the west of Confucius statue are Asian sage Mencius and Buddhist sage Ceng Zi, and on the east is Buddhist sage Yan Zi. Two ancient sacrificial instruments, chimes and chimes, were used.

Behind Dacheng Hall is a shrine dedicated to Confucius, his father Shu and his mother Yan Zhai's ancestors. Later, a picture of Confucius Monument reflecting the life story of Confucius was displayed in it.

It reflects Confucius' thoughts and achievements in his life from different aspects. It is a chronicle of the image of Confucius and is known as the first cartoon in China.