What are the literatures about traditional haircuts?

"In the first month, you don't shave your head. In the first month, you shaved your head and died. " This sentence has been circulated for more than 300 years, and today, many people still abide by the custom of not entering the barber shop in the first month. Only time has blurred its original meaning. In fact, this sentence is not a prophecy of "shaving your head in the first month" at all, but people curse the power of the Qing Dynasty to carry out the "haircut order" by "leaving your head without hair".

Confucius said: "Parents dare not damage the skin of the body, and filial piety begins." However, according to the records of Qing history, in June of the second year of Shunzhi (1645), Regent Dourgen issued a "tonsure edict" on behalf of seven-year-old the emperor shunzhi. Zhao Yue: The hair shaving system has always been unified. People who let it go all the time think that this system will be started in the world ... After the spontaneous announcement, the late limit will be set inside and outside the capital, and all provinces in Zhili will be limited to ten days, so as to cherish their hair and never lightly lend money. The actual content of this "haircut order" is one sentence: "Don't leave your hair." This is undoubtedly the most severe challenge and contempt for thousands of years of Chinese customs. Before that, the main force fighting against the Qing army in all parts of the south of the Yangtze River was the regular army of the Ming Dynasty, but the "haircut order" ignited the raging fire of ordinary people against the Qing Dynasty like kindling, the most famous of which was the "Jiading Three Slaughters". Jiading (now Shanghai) is an important town in the south of the Yangtze River. In June of the second year of Shunzhi leap, Jiading Zuotong made Hou Tongzeng and Huang Jinshi Chunyao gather tens of thousands of soldiers and civilians to resist the haircut order of the Qing Dynasty, and stayed there to defend the city. The Qing emperor Leke Dehun personally commanded the siege, and the insurgents defended the isolated city 12 days in the face of strong enemies, killing more than 70,000 people. Just as the sovereign was at a loss, Li Chengdong, the commander of the Ming Dynasty and the company commander of Wusong, came to help with artillery. After the cannon shot, the city walls collapsed in many places, and the Qing army poured into the city and started street fighting with the helpless rebels. From morning till night, Hou Tong and his two sons drowned, and Huang Chunyao hanged himself. The villain Li Chengdong ordered the massacre, and more than 20,000 soldiers and civilians were immediately killed by steel knives. It was the fourth day of July. Then, on July 26th and August 6th 16, two nominal policemen, including Zhu Ying, appeared in the suburbs of Jiading. They vowed not to shave their heads, but they were suppressed instantly. Li Chengdong has repeatedly ordered the slaughter of innocent people, and about 200,000 people in the city were almost slaughtered. "The dead borrowed from each other and bled", which is the notorious "Jiading Three Slaughters". Because people often compare it with Ten Days in Yangzhou, many people even Cai Dongfan, a novelist, misinterpreted the three Jiading massacres of Qing soldiers as the three-day massacre in his Popular Romance of China. In fact, three massacres every time about twenty days apart are more cruel than killing people for three consecutive days.

Although the anti-Qing dynasty failed, the masses resisted the "shaving order" by not shaving their heads in the first month of each year. The reason why they didn't shave their heads in the first month was "thinking about the past and thinking about the future", not "killing my uncle", but the struggle should be strategic. The only way to openly confront the Qing government was to beat stones with eggs, so they composed and sang the folk song "Shaving my head and killing my uncle in the first month" with the homonym of "thinking about the past and thinking about the future". Shaving your head must wait until the day when the dragon looks up on February 2, so as to show your unyielding national character.