How to understand the thought of attaching importance to morality?

Lifestyle and its behavior are important contents in the daily life of human society, and also important symbols of national thinking mode and cultural personality. Different nationalities have different personalities in dealing with the world, which are cast by specific cultural ecological environment and specific cultural traditions, which in turn profoundly affect the public's ideas and behaviors, thus strengthening their cultural traditions and cultural characteristics.

Moralism is an important feature of China culture, which has a far-reaching impact on China people's outlook on life.

China traditional culture is a kind of "people-oriented" ethical culture or "virtue culture". In China culture, man is the "spirit of all things", and the reason why man can be the spirit of all things is that morality is regarded as the basis of distinguishing man from beast, and also the embodiment of human dignity. Therefore, China people attach great importance to the "Tao" of interpersonal communication and the "morality" formed by following this "Tao" (referring to the subjective and self-interested norms as the subject of behavior). Confucius advocated that "a gentleman seeks the Tao without seeking food" and "a gentleman cares about the Tao without worrying about poverty", taking knowledge, benevolence and courage as the "three virtues", and constructed the moral standard system in China cultural tradition. Laozi also said: "Everything respects Tao and values morality", and then "writing a book and saying that more than 5,000 words express moral meaning". As the two pillars of China culture, the "three programs" advocated by Confucianism (showing morality, educating people and stopping at perfection) and the "eight items" advocated by Taoism (respecting things, knowing and doing, integrity, sincerity, self-cultivation, governing the country and calming the world) and "self-cultivation" all take moral practice as the first meaning, thus forming the value orientation of the Chinese nation's moral supremacy.

Under the restriction and influence of the paradigm of "virtue culture" with moral cultivation as its purport, China people's outlook on life and behavior have strong characteristics of Suntech, which are embodied in two aspects:

(1) Being a man in the world depends on what China people call "being a man". Therefore, "being a man" is inseparable, and "being a man" is in the world. The essence of "being a man" is that human behavior must conform to the moral norms that "people" should have. Being a man is to restrain yourself with morality and treat others with morality. The judgment of "immorality" is a severe condemnation in China's social life. As for the specific virtue of being a human being, the ancients had various opinions such as "nine virtues", "three dads", "five ethics and ten religions", "four dimensions and seven styles", "Liu virtues" and "eight virtues". Its main categories are: kindness and filial piety, modesty and courtesy, honesty and integrity, openness and generosity, loyalty to the monarch and patriotism, self-denial, disregard for interests, consistency in words and deeds, serving people with virtue, and integrity. This concept of life based on "being a man" is undoubtedly permeated with the spirit of taking morality as the foundation.

(2) Treating people with virtue is the Suntech tendency of China's traditional way of life. This tendency is not only manifested in highlighting the virtue of "being a man", but also in emphasizing the morality of interpersonal communication. It is advocated that interpersonal relationships should "only think about interests, seek the way without paying attention to the rights and wrongs", and getting along with people should focus on treating people with virtue. Its specific performance is as follows:

1. Generosity to people The Chinese nation has always regarded generosity to people as a virtue, and moral evaluations such as "tolerance", "magnanimity" and "loyalty to the elderly" in daily life are the embodiment of this moral quality. In the practical operation of interpersonal relationship, being generous to others includes: "respecting the virtuous and accepting the masses, being good and adding good without regret"; "bow from the thick, lightly blame others", "don't treat patients as much as you can, and don't be ashamed of others"; "Don't blame others for being small, don't send others to be selfish, and don't miss people's old evils"; Wait a minute. Treating others with a big belly will naturally win people's hearts, which is the meaning of "tolerance will win people's hearts"

2. The idea of "Don't do to others what you don't want others to do to you" was first put forward by Confucius. On this basis, Mencius put forward that "when the old man is old, people are old;" Young people, young people, young people. Lv Kun even declared: "Willing to think of others is the first-class knowledge in the world. "This virtue of treating people is called' forgiveness', and the main point is' putting yourself in the shoes'. Being kind to others is a virtue.

3. Let China people always take concession as their virtue. The family strongly advocates the comity of "Kong Rong lets pears", which is well known to women and children; In the face of fame and fortune, the ancients praised the demeanor of "gentlemen are uncontested" and the noble character of "not greedy for wealth and treasure"; When dealing with interpersonal disputes, the sages advocated that "the road to being the first is narrow, and taking a step back is a step wider" and "living in by going up one flight of stairs". A word "concession" can resolve disputes and harmonize interpersonal relationships.

4. Meet each other with sincerity China people attach great importance to "sincerity" in interpersonal communication, and there is an old saying called "treat each other with sincerity". The ancients believed that sincerity has two functions. First, "Sincerity leads to success." "Those who touch people with sincerity must respond with sincerity". Secondly, treat people with "honest words" and "everything is beneficial to people". And this is the important content of "serving people with virtue". Therefore, "sincerity and justice" can often resolve contradictions, eliminate prejudice and communicate feelings.

5. Keep your word and keep your promise. The basic requirement is "keep your word, keep your word". Keep your word, match your words with your deeds, and pay attention to credit. Idioms such as "A promise is as good as a thousand dollars", "A promise is as good as a promise" and Confucius' famous saying "A man without faith doesn't know what he can do" vividly illustrate the value and position of credit in the eyes of China people.

6. Be kind to others and repay kindness. "Be kind to others and ask for nothing in return." In interpersonal communication, there are many cases of giving kindness, and China people regard giving kindness as an iron law of morality. As early as in the Book of Songs, there was a saying that "no virtue is not reported"; The Biography of Historical Records and Fan Ju also said: "The virtue of a meal will be rewarded." This kind of return can not be one-to-one, but should be "the return is greater than the pay", as the saying goes, "the grace of dripping water, when the spring is rewarded." If you benefit but don't return, you are an ungrateful villain and a shame to everyone. It is worth noting that China people's concept of gratitude emphasizes "what is owed must be repaid" on the one hand, but on the other hand, it requires the giver not to ask for anything in return. The so-called "I don't have to expect to be kind to others", "I'm careful not to be colored when I'm kind" and "I don't ask for anything in return and I don't regret it with others when I'm kind". What is displayed here is China's cultural tradition's praise for moral behavior.

7. Interpersonal communication between "good for evil" and "good for evil" often leads to resentment due to conflicts of interest or misunderstandings. China people advocate generous moral spirit to treat each other's resentment or complaints. Laozi put forward the theory of "repaying evil with virtue", holding that "the good ones are good, and the evil ones are good". This kind of magnanimous tolerance is not only reflected in the words of cultural elites, but also deeply reflected in life maxims such as "Better to be negative than negative", "Better to be destroyed than bullied", "Better to prevent than to be able to prevent" and idiom allusions such as "Do it yourself", and its moral significance is self-evident. In parallel with "good for evil", China also said "good for evil". The so-called "direct complaint" is to repay others' hostility to you with an upright attitude. "People with virtue don't forgive their enemies, and people without virtue don't avoid their enemies. They take right and wrong and should be true." Although the attitudes of "reporting complaints with directness" and "reporting complaints with virtue" are different, their moral spirit is the same.

It is true that there is no immoral or immoral national culture in the history of world culture, but it is rare for China to promote morality to such an important position in the cultural value system and implement it in the social behavior of being a man, forming a remarkable national cultural characteristic.