Traditional Culture Encyclopedia - Traditional festivals - The spiritual world of architectural design and the embodiment of folklore
The spiritual world of architectural design and the embodiment of folklore
Keywords architectural design; design concept; architectural art; design connotation
The basic principles of civil building design are practicality, sturdiness, and pleasure, which are the three principles of successful design. Among them, practicality and solidity emphasize the material connotation of architectural design, reflecting the use value of the building, while the principle of pleasure embodies the spiritual world of architectural design, which is the high performance of architectural aesthetics and architectural art, and it is the gesture display of the spiritual attributes covered by architectural design in the building. Through people's perception system, with the help of designing space, volume, shape, line, light and form of all kinds of factors, to construct people's spiritual appeal to the building. Based on the contemporary architectural concepts and principles of folklore, the spiritual connotation of architectural art can be embodied in four aspects: volume, structure, detail and temperament.
1. The macroscopic view of the building ___ the volume of the building.
Buildings are extremely functional. A building's volume is a building's shape design, internal structure and the spiritual connotation expressed with the help of landscape and terrain, in the spiritual level, it gives people a kind of spiritual pressure and encroachment. Xiao He once said, ""The son of heaven is the home of the four seas, and if it is not to make the magnificent, there is no way to emphasize the power", to express the connotation of "heavy power" with the volume of "magnificence". A building, whether we look at it from afar, or close to measure it, or walk into the building's interior, so that we most directly feel the building's "volume" and the spiritual shock it brings us.
Whether we are in a palace, or we are in a church, or we are in a park, or we are in a kitchen, the volume of a building allows us to touch it directly and perceive it, and it reflects the designers' design techniques and spiritual aspirations. The volume of a concrete row of buildings is certainly greater than that of a Buddhist temple, but the sensory intuition of grandeur created by a Buddhist temple greatly exceeds that of a Buddhist temple. In terms of design, a scientific labyrinth design, in the depth of the building volume without separation let us perceive the meaning of the profound, church buildings, in height without style design let us feel the heavenly kingdom of the lofty and can be reached, walk into such a building, you are bound to really feel the existence of the religious world.
2. The internal perspective of the building ___ building structure.
Raphael Moneo said: "One of the basic facts of the architect's work is to realize the ideal, even if your design is built on the excellence of the structure,,," the building structure to solve the problem of erection and composition, the realization of the internal scientific separation and maintain communication with the outside world. The structural form is the soul of the building, which is national, contemporary and integrated in traditional culture. Architects present their works to the world, essentially showing the spiritual connotation of architects. The art of architecture is a superb fusion of the material world and the spiritual world under the conditions of a certain era. Through architecture, people experience the vastness of the spiritual world. That is why Chinatown must have pagodas and big roofs, and mosques must have flaming doors. Nowadays, in the architectural design of residential buildings, the small bedroom space embodies safety, and the large living room space embodies cheerfulness and openness.
Traditional Chinese architecture is dominated by earth and wood structures, the material properties of wood are resistant to pressure and not bending, and the combination of columns to hold up the entire space. Building structure, first of all, safety as the first element, not only design safety, but also visual safety and beauty. Building structure in the consideration of safety, aesthetics at the same time, but also with the help of time and geography, integration in the five elements of landscape. Such as the Northern Song Dynasty Yu Hao made Kaifeng's Kaibao Temple Pagoda, which takes into account the local strong winds, structurally designed to make the tower pre-tilted to the northwest, and is expected to be blown right in a hundred years.
3. Microcosmic view of the building ___ color tone and ornamentation
The spiritual connotation of the building is, first of all, visual art. And color tone is the most impactful visual embodiment. A building's color tone is its visual tone, it first conveyed to you the character of the building. For example, the red walls of the Kremlin, the red bricks and green tiles of the Forbidden City in Beijing, all show you the majesty and honor of the world. In the Jiangnan residence, the tone of pink walls and tiles, reflecting the Jiangnan bachelor apricot grove a reading, a solitary leisurely, golden nanmu not Shi carving and painting of the original color overflowing with the gracefulness of its dust. The green and gold colors of Muslim buildings reflect the warmth and depth. Hue through the visual to show you the character traits of the building as well as cultural pursuits. In the design concept, the color design must be suitable for the function of the building itself, at the same time to coordinate with the surrounding environment, and actively dedicate to the function of the environment with the surroundings. For example, the Acropolis of Athens temple and its environment as one, in order to show that the gods live in nature.
In China, architectural carving and painting is one of the important architectural features, is to show the spiritual world, reflecting the cultural pursuit of important architectural art. The symbolism of carving and painting has extremely strong cultural meaning. In the south of China, the window panels on the birds and flowers reflect the happiness and tranquility of the people's homes; some of the Jiangnan bachelor, often carved in the window panels on a volume of books and then a pot of flowers, meaning to show that the bookish family's leisurely and interest. A just right carving, perhaps you will not pay attention to it, when your eyes from the macro volume of the building fell in the micro carving on the nap, you will perceive to know that it is born for the beauty of this building.
4. The appearance of the building perspective ___ temperament and shock
The temperament, in the final analysis, is a kind of architectural culture of the spirit of shock. The Kremlin in Moscow, the White House in the United States and so on. In the traditional Chinese architecture, the building's grandeur is best reflected by its large roof, which not only shows the level, but also can show the honor, elegance and imperial power. In terms of architectural structure, a hard-roofed building is bound to be unable to outline the skyline of a heshan-roofed building, and it is bound to be unable to accomplish its calm and relaxed demeanor. A heavy gable roof is also more honorable and luxurious than a single gable roof, and it has an extraordinary temperament. The central axis of the building in the temperament is always on both sides of the hall can not be compared. The building's temperament out of the building itself, but also with the help of the surrounding environment, natural, more natural casting. Such as the Temple of Heaven Huanqiu, is not a tall building, a simple alabaster platform, but because of the vastness of the surrounding and in front of the latticework of the door of the simple and create a through the sky and the extraordinary weather to the ground.
At one time, the spiritual world of architectural design and the embodiment of folklore were fully embodied in architectural design and the spiritual aspirations of designers. In the contemporary architectural thinking, diversified cultural concepts fully demonstrated diversified architectural design, architectural art "expressive power" is fully amplified, become an important part of people's spiritual life. From now on, the art of architecture will be integrated with natural theory, environmental science and other disciplines, and push people's spiritual pursuit to the track of harmonious development.
References
[1]Liu Hongli. Contemporary aesthetic interest of architecture[J ]. Shanxi:Shanxi Architecture, 2008.
[2]Chen Xiaoning. Eco-architectural design from the environmental point of view - Remembering the design of Sunshine Primary School after the disaster [J]; Sichuan Architecture 2011.024, Ding Ning. On Architecture
Author Introduction:
Rong Liang (1983.5--), male, Daqing, Heilongjiang, bachelor degree, assistant engineer of Chongqing Design and Research Institute of China Coal International Engineering Group, main research direction: civil building design
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