What is Zhuangzi's life thought?

Human existence can be divided into three ways: cognition, ethics and aesthetics. Compared with other lifestyles, "aesthetic survival" is the aestheticization of cognition and ethics, and the aestheticization of people's life attitude and lifestyle. Zhuangzi always starts from the problem of human beings, and measures all relations according to whether it conforms to human nature. He regards things as Tao, opposes secular knowledge and morality, restores their true beauty, transforms the practical utilitarian relationship between man and the world into aesthetic relationship, and transforms man's real life world into aesthetic life realm. The essence of his thought of existence is a poetic grasp of the world and life. The Critical Significance of Aesthetic Outlook on Life to Realistic Survival Zhuangzi believes that although people in alienated society are not essential, human nature is beautiful, and people can "return to nature" and make aesthetic survival possible. Zhuangzi takes human existence and life as the great use, takes the infinite opening and free roaming of the mind as the aesthetic way of existence, restores human nature, and takes human life as the aesthetic object. Tao is a symbol of freedom. Body Dao is the process of opening a closed mind and getting out of the secular heart. Seeing the real "me" after losing the "self" is a free road beyond social suffering and self-limitation, and an aesthetic life experience. Aesthetic survival is a rebellion against the real life style, and also a transcendence of daily life and experience world. It is realistic and practical, and contains the double meanings of rebellion and transcendence to real life. The essence of human beings has always received special attention. If the cultural criticism from14th century to18th century expected to liberate people's spirit from humility, then today's cultural criticism aims to liberate people from the oppression of things. "Artificial material service" is a living state that ordinary people can't get rid of. Only when people look at the world and themselves from an aesthetic perspective can they get rid of the shackles of standardization and utilitarianism, transcend the "self" divorced from the world in daily life, and give meaning and value to the bleak and monotonous reality. Zhuangzi doubted the existing order with the memory of "the real person of the past" and criticized the inhumanity of the real society. Nietzsche called this ideal aesthetic life style "the perfection of existence", Heidegger described it as "poetic dwelling" and Foucault defined it as "the aesthetics of existence". They expect that people's real existence is a free, personalized and authentic state of existence. Just like in art, Zhuangzi's "aesthetic existence" does not cover up the truth of existence with artistic romance, but criticizes the increasingly mediocre, routine and routine daily life with aesthetic eyes, which is reflective and rebellious. It reflects the injustice of the secular world with an ideal utopia and inspires people to pursue a better life. Zhuangzi's thought of aesthetic existence criticizes the problems existing in modern society, such as moral anomie, money worship, hedonism, bureaucracy, autocratic style, corruption and extravagance, which is still of practical significance for people to maintain their independent personality and dignity and get rid of the shackles of instrumental rationality. The significance of aesthetic morality in promoting realistic thinking of existence. Realistic survival includes moral survival. However, the perfection of individual survival lies not only in morality, but also in the feeling of survival. Zhuangzi's aesthetic survival thought can not directly change the reality of alienation, but can guide people to be good and beautiful, and pursue independent personality and dignity; It can't completely replace the freedom of reality, but it is the highest freedom and a traction to improve reality. Zhuangzi is often regarded as a negation of morality. In fact, Zhuangzi's morality is the way of nature, and it is the moral view of individual existence opposite to Confucius' social ethics. Zhuangzi believes that morality is the natural nature of things and people, and it is not external to people, but the intrinsic nature of people. Moral survival is an indispensable way of life for human beings. However, due to the relative instability of morality, people often turn morality into a synonym for rules, and it is easy to ignore that morality is the foundation of morality. The starting point of morality is often based on social stability, ignoring individual feelings, and people are defined by morality. In instrumental ethics, people often lose their free and conscious subjectivity. Therefore, to become a conscious and happy way of existence, moral survival must be combined with aesthetic survival. Although Zhuangzi's thought of aesthetic existence has no material utility value and lacks practical operability, it is of great significance to awaken people's consciousness and improve their spiritual realm. Zhuangzi's aesthetic survival thought is an ideal way of human existence, which can reveal the universal predicament of human existence and has eternal significance to human beings. An ideal is a goal, and you have to pay for it. However, mankind needs such a goal, and we can't give up the pursuit of it just because it is out of reach. In this sense, aesthetic survival is a part of a complete life. The significance of technical aesthetics to realistic existence and harmonious development: There are two significant problems in Zhuangzi's technical aesthetics: how to measure social progress? Is the happiness of mankind synchronized with the rapid development of science and technology and the great wealth of material? Zhuangzi directly linked technology with human existence, restored the essence of technology, and pushed technology from instrumentalization to aesthetics. He believes that the beauty of heaven is the essence of technology, and the highest state of human technology is from technology to Tao. He advocates that people get rid of the one-sided pursuit of efficiency by technology and push people from utilitarian heart to aesthetic heart. Zhuangzi's aesthetic technology thought is of practical significance to solving the binary opposition mode and criticizing scientism. The modern and world significance of Zhuangzi Thought lies not in keeping people away from science, but in keeping people away from science that ignores life perception, and bringing science and technology aesthetics back to life. Although China has not experienced the era of western scientism flooding, it does not mean that we can ignore the process and consequences of western scientism flooding, and we must wait until we repeat the mistakes of the West before making up this lesson. At this point, Zhuangzi's technical aesthetics is not beneficial to us. Humanistic spirit should include aesthetics, and the realm of beauty is the noumenon realm of human beings, which is the basis for truth, goodness and beauty to come out of and return to. We should not only see the role played by some moral life and scientific life; On the other hand, criticize the instrumentalization of morality and technology from the perspective of aesthetic life, and realize a complete life of unity of truth, goodness and beauty.