How solid waste is handled

Summary: Solid waste is solid and muddy material discarded during production and living activities.Solid waste can cause serious pollution to the environment, often polluting the environment through the medium of water, atmosphere and soil. In order to protect the environment, solid waste must be disposed of, so what are the methods of solid waste disposal? How to dispose of solid wasteHow to dispose of solid wasteHow to dispose of solid wasteIntroduction of solid waste disposal methods

Solid waste is a solid and muddy material discarded in production and living activities.Solid waste can cause serious pollution to the environment, often polluting the environment with water, atmosphere and soil as the medium. In order to protect the environment, solid waste must be disposed of, so what are the solid waste disposal methods? Solid waste disposal methods include ocean disposal and land disposal of two categories. The following by the editorial in this article.

One, marine disposal

Marine disposal is mainly divided into ocean dumping and ocean incineration of two methods. With the deepening of people's understanding of the importance of protecting the environment and ecology and the improvement of overall environmental awareness, marine disposal has been more and more restrictions.

Two, land disposal

Land disposal includes land cultivation, engineering bank or reservoir storage, landfill, and deep well injection of several kinds. Landfill is one of the most commonly used methods.

1, agricultural: that is, the use of surface soil ion exchange, adsorption, microbial degradation and leaching water leaching, volatilization of degradation products and other integrated action mechanism for the disposal of solid waste a method. The technology has a simple process, the cost is appropriate, easy to maintain equipment, very small impact on the environment, can improve soil structure, increase the effectiveness of fertilizer and other advantages, mainly for the disposal of low salt content, non-toxic, biodegradable solid waste.

such as sludge and fly ash applied to agricultural land as a treatment method has attracted attention. Production practice and scientific research work has proved that the application of sludge, fly ash in the farmland can be fertilized, play a role in improving the soil and increase yields.

2, landfill disposal: it is from the traditional landfill and landfill disposal developed a final disposal technology. Because of its simple process, the cost is more Generally speaking, landfill mainly includes: waste dams, rainwater collection and drainage system, release gas treatment system, entry management facilities, entry roads, environmental monitoring system, fly-away prevention facilities, disaster prevention facilities, management office, isolation facilities, and so on.

Sanitary landfill is suitable for disposal of general solid waste. Sanitary landfill to dispose of municipal waste, not only the operation is simple, convenient construction, low cost, but also at the same time can be recovered methane gas, at home and abroad is widely used. In the process of sanitary landfill site selection, design, construction, operation and closure, several major issues should be considered, such as prevention of leachate leakage, control of degradation gas release, elimination of odor and pathogenic bacteria, and development and utilization of the site. Selection of sanitary landfill should pay attention to the following aspects:

(1) site selection: generally consider the capacity, terrain, soil, hydrology, climate, transportation, distance and wind direction, land acquisition and waste development and utilization of many issues. Landfill terrain should be easy to construct, avoid depressions, the ground drainage capacity should be strong, it should be easy to obtain the cover soil, soil should be easy to compact, strong seepage capacity; groundwater level should be as low as possible, at least 1.5m from the lowest layer of landfill; avoid alpine areas, evaporation is greater than the precipitation area is the best; the traffic should be convenient, with the ability to be transported in a variety of climatic conditions all-weather highway, the transport distance should be appropriate, transportation and operation equipment noise should not be to affect the work and rest of nearby residents; landfill sites should be located downwind of the city, to avoid the smell, dust on the city residents, it is best to choose the deserted cheap areas.

(2) the choice of landfill methods: commonly used landfill methods are trench method, ground method, slope method, valley method and so on.

The landfill method is more flexible in operation, and the specific method to be used can be determined according to the amount of garbage and the natural conditions of the site.

3, deep well injection disposal: this refers to the injection of liquids into the ground and drinking water and mineral vein layer separated from the permeable rock layer. General and hazardous wastes can be disposed of by deep well injection. However, it is mainly used to dispose of wastes that have proved difficult to destroy, difficult to convert, cannot be treated by other methods or are expensive to treat by other methods. Before disposal by deep well injection, the waste needs to be liquefied to form a true solution or emulsion. Deep well injection disposal involves the planning, design, construction and operation of a system that consists of several phases, including waste pre-treatment, site selection, well drilling and construction, and environmental monitoring. Low, suitable for disposal of many types of waste, has become a major method of solid waste disposal.