Types of batteries for new energy vehicles

The main types of batteries for new energy vehicles are: lithium-ion batteries, nickel-hydrogen batteries, fuel batteries, lead-acid batteries and supercapacitors.

1. Lead-acid battery: Lead-acid battery has a history of 100 years, and is widely used as a starting power supply for internal combustion engines. It is also a mature battery for electric vehicles, with good reliability, readily available raw materials and low price.

2. Ni-MH battery: Ni-MH battery is an alkaline battery with long cycle life and no memory effect, but its price is higher.

3. Lithium-ion battery: As a new rechargeable battery with high voltage and high energy density, lithium-ion secondary battery has unique physical and electrochemical properties and is widely used in civil and national defense fields.

4. Nickel-cadmium battery: Cadmium battery Nickel-cadmium battery is second only to lead-acid battery in application. Its specific energy can reach 55 W h/kg, and its specific power exceeds 1.90 W/kg. It can be quickly charged and has a long cycle life, which is more than 2 times that of lead-acid batteries and can reach more than 2000 times, but the price is 4 ~ 5 times that of lead-acid batteries.

5. Sodium-sulfur battery: one is high specific energy. Its theoretical specific energy is 760 w h/kg, which is actually greater than100 w h/kg, which is 3 ~ 4 times that of lead-acid batteries. The other is that it can discharge with high current and high power. Its discharge current density can generally reach 200 ~ 300 Ma/mm2, and its inherent energy can be instantly released for three times. The other is high charge and discharge efficiency.

Electric vehicle battery:

Electric vehicle batteries are divided into two categories, storage batteries and fuel cells. Batteries are suitable for pure electric vehicles, including lead-acid batteries, nickel-hydrogen batteries, sodium-sulfur batteries, secondary lithium batteries, air batteries and ternary lithium batteries.

Fuel cells are dedicated to fuel cell electric vehicles, including alkaline fuel cells (AFC), phosphoric acid fuel cells (PAFC), molten carbonate fuel cells (MCFC), solid oxide fuel cells (SOFC), proton exchange membrane fuel cells (PEMFC) and direct methanol fuel cells (DMFC).