A detailed introduction of ancient musical instruments in China

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1. Guqin

The oldest plucked instrument in China was popular more than 3, years ago. The face of the piano is equipped with seven strings, which are thick and thin, and arranged in five tones from outside to inside. Thirteen emblems are also embedded in the face of the piano to identify the phonemes on the strings. There are three kinds of timbre changes in playing the right-hand plucked string: loose, broad and pressed. The scattered sound is pronounced with empty strings, and its sound is strong and vigorous. The overtone is a light, ethereal musical sound produced by touching the emblem with the left hand. Pressing the sound is the pronunciation of the left hand pressing the string. Moving the finger can change the pitch and play a sliding sound, vibrato or other decorative sounds. In addition, it can also play intervals of the same degree, octave and fifth degree. The ancient guqin is a treasure of ancient music in China.

2. Cuan

An ancient wind instrument, shaped like a pear, was made of clay. It first appeared about 7, years ago, and most of them were two-tone holes and three-tone holes. By the time of Yin and Shang Dynasties, the five-tone hole pottery was able to play seven tones and some semitones, and its pronunciation was simple, mellow and tragic.

3. BaBa

Also known as "reed pipe" and "eggplant pipe". It has a history of about 2 years. It originated in the Western Regions and was later introduced into the Central Plains. In the Northern and Southern Dynasties, there were various forms, such as big and small, peach skin and double. From Sui and Tang Dynasties to Song and Yuan Dynasties, it prevailed throughout the country. In the Song Dynasty, among the thirteen Jiaofang departments, there was the Baban department. Poets such as Du Fu and Bai Juyi often give detailed descriptions in their poems.

IV. Ancient Pipa

Pipa and Pipa are two different names in ancient times. Pipa is played forward with the right hand and Pipa is played backward with the right hand, so as far back as Qin and Han Dynasties, instruments with similar playing techniques were generally called Pipa. After a long development, it was gradually shaped into a semi-pear speaker with four strings and a pipa for playing on the chest. Pipa is the most expressive instrument among the plucked instruments in China, which can not only show the magnificent ancient battlefield momentum, but also show the lingering yearning before and after the flowers.

V. Guzheng

It was popular in Qin during the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period, so it was called Qin Zheng in history. Twelve strings before the Han and Jin Dynasties, and thirteen strings after the Tang and Song Dynasties. It has gradually increased to fifteen or sixteen strings since the Ming and Qing Dynasties. Set the chord on a pentatonic scale. Traditional playing techniques: playing with the right hand, big finger, food finger and middle finger. Press the strings with the index finger, middle finger or ring finger and middle finger of the left hand, so as to obtain the changing sounds of "pressing, trembling, rubbing and pushing".

Vi. Elegance

Ancient plucked musical instruments prevailed in the Han and Tang Dynasties, and there were three shapes: lying, upright and crested. After the Ming dynasty, it was gradually used less. There are thirty-seven strings in the reformed basket, and it is good at playing strokes, intonation, kneading strings and other techniques, and its expressive force is extremely rich.

VII. The flute

Single pipe vertical blowing became popular in the Han Dynasty. Ancient Xiao was mostly made of bamboo, but some were made of jade or porcelain. The upper end is sealed with bamboo joints, and a semi-elliptical blowing hole is opened at the sealing part, which has a low volume and elegant timbre, and is famous for its beautiful music when the midnight is deeper.

VIII. Bian Xiang

Also known as Xiang Gong, it is an ancient and distinctive national fixed-pitch percussion instrument, which is made of brass, with a mastoid umbilical structure and an arched surface. The plait is composed of 32 faces, and its tone is rich and charming.

Nine, thirty

Ancient flute instruments with low musical range. The earliest dictionary in China, Er Ya Shi Le No.7, records: "The big tube refers to the hairpin, among which it is called the hairpin, and the small one refers to the hairpin. "The tone is deep and sad.