What is the content and influence of Westernization Movement?

1. Under the banner of "self-improvement", we will introduce advanced western production technology, establish a new military industry, cultivate new naval forces, and build a modern navy such as Beiyang Navy. Among them, the largest modern military enterprise is Jiangnan Manufacturing General Administration founded in Shanghai. In addition, there are a series of military factories such as Fuzhou Shipping Bureau and Tianjin Machinery Factory.

2, under the banner of "seeking wealth", set up various new civilian industries such as ships, railways, telegrams, postal services, mining and textiles. For example, the largest private enterprise established in Shanghai is "China Shipping Merchants Bureau". At the same time, it promoted the development of national industry in modern China.

3. Establish new schools, send overseas students abroad for further study, and train translators, military personnel and scientific and technological personnel. Shi Jing Wentong Museum 1862 was established in Beijing, which is the earliest new government-run school in China.

Impact:

The Westernization School unanimously advocated learning from foreigners in order to enrich Qiang Bing, resist foreign aggression and save the national crisis. The Westernization Movement began with military self-improvement. In order to achieve military self-improvement, the Westernization School mainly focuses on three aspects: first, establishing a modern military industry; The second is to establish a modern coastal defense navy and improve the weapons, equipment and training of the army; The third is to establish a modern military academy and cultivate new talents in Lu Haijun.

Under the auspices of Li Hongzhang and others, a large number of large-scale modern military industries came out one after another. The naval yamen, established in 1885, is in charge of the navy and coastal defense, which promotes the modernization of the navy and national defense. The improvement of the fighting capacity of the Qing army and its resistance to foreign aggression delayed the historical process of China's semi-colonial and semi-feudal society.

The military self-improvement of the Westernization Movement enabled China's army to invest in War of Resistance against Japanese Aggression with modern new weapons and equipment. It started the modernization process of China's army.

Guiding ideology:

The slogan of the Westernization Movement is "self-improvement" and "seeking wealth", and the classification idea is eight words: "learning from foreigners" and "using Chinese style and western style". The first four words "learning from foreigners to control foreigners" show the relationship between the Westernization Movement and foreign capitalist aggressors, that is, learning western skills to resist western aggression.

The last four words, "Chinese style and westernization", show the relationship between the Westernization Movement and China's traditional feudal culture, and show the respective positions of middle school and western learning in the Westernization Movement, that is, middle school is the mainstay and western learning is the supplement. "Learning from foreigners and mastering their skills to control foreigners" and "adapting Chinese style to the west" are also the basic principles of the Westernization School in dealing with the relationship between Chinese and Western nationalities and cultural exchanges between China and the West in the Westernization Movement.

In the Westernization Movement, from Feng Guifen's "China ethics as the foundation, supplemented by the skills of making the country rich and strong" to Xue Fucheng's "learning from foreigners and keeping the way of Yao, Shun, Yu, Tang, Wen, Wu, Zhou and Kong", all served as a theory for the leading thought of the Westernization Movement.