What are China's four thoughts?

Confucianism (1), one of China's four great thoughts in ancient times, was founded by Confucius in the Spring and Autumn Period. He put forward "benevolence", that is, the "courtesy" of loving others and ruling by virtue = = Zhang, that is, the nobility and inferiority are orderly. During the Warring States period, Mencius put forward that "the people are more important than the monarch", opposed "harsh politics and heavy punishment", and advocated "the government should get the people" and lenient punishment and thin taxes; Xunzi believes that nature has its own laws and materialistic thoughts, and advocates "governing the destiny and using it", that is, mastering the changing law of nature and using it to benefit mankind. At this stage, although Confucianism was an outstanding scholar, its thoughts were not adopted by the rulers because it could not adapt to the turbulent social environment at that time. (2) In the Qin Dynasty, Confucian scholars advocated the enfeoffment system, attacked the county system, and accused Qin Shihuang of "burning books to bury Confucianism", which suffered a heavy blow. (3) During the period of Emperor Wu of the Western Han Dynasty, due to the consolidation and stability of feudal rule at that time and the need of strengthening feudal centralization, Dong Zhongshu reformed Confucianism and put forward the idea of "unification" and "ousting a hundred schools of thought and respecting Confucianism alone". The core of Confucianism advocated by him is the feeling between heaven and man and the divine right of monarch, which was accepted by Emperor Wu of Han Dynasty. Confucianism gradually became the orthodox thought of China's feudal society for more than two thousand years. (4) Neo-Confucianism in Song Dynasty was based on Confucianism, absorbed Buddhism and Taoism, and formed new Confucianism. Zhu is a master of the development of philosophy, and his mission is actually to defend the feudal hierarchy. (5) During the Ming and Qing Dynasties, rulers used stereotyped writing to select scholars, and only put forward propositions in the Four Books and Five Classics, with stereotyped writing style. This is that Confucianism has become the spiritual pillar to maintain feudal autocratic rule, and stereotyped writing has also become an ignorant policy, which has seriously hindered the progress of science, technology and culture. Second, Taoist Thought (1) During the Spring and Autumn Period, Laozi was founded, and politically advocated "inaction" and opposed severe punishment. (2) During the Warring States Period, Zhuangzi developed Laozi's idealistic philosophy, and his thoughts became more negative. (3) In the early Han Dynasty, the rulers adopted "the learning of Huang Lao" to recuperate and govern by doing nothing. (4) In the Eastern Jin Dynasty, Ge Hong combined Confucianism to transform Taoism, founded Taoism, preached taking medicine and alchemy, and became a religion serving feudal rule. During Liang Xiao's period in the Southern Dynasties, Tao Hongjing absorbed Buddhist teachings and feudal hierarchical concepts, enriched Taoist teachings and established a Taoist immortal system. (5) In the early years of the Tang Dynasty, Taoism was advocated. The emperor claimed to be a descendant of Li Er, the founder of Taoism, and Taoism had a special position at that time. Mohist thought of three schools (1) represents the interests of ordinary people (small producers) and was founded by Mozi in the Warring States Period. (2) The core of his proposition is "universal love", "mutual non-aggression" and "Shang Xian", which is a progressive thought. (3) Mo Jing has a lot of physical knowledge, which reflects the great achievements of China's physics during the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period. (4) Mohism was suppressed in the whole feudal society because of its class attribute. The Thought of Four Legalists (1) Han Feizi was founded in the Warring States Period, and advocated reform, the realization of the legal system, and the establishment of centralized monarchy. (2) Qin Shihuang promoted legalism, taking law as teaching and officials as teachers, so that legalism reached its peak. The excessive use of the Qin dynasty alone led to sharp class contradictions and peasant wars at the end of the Qin dynasty. (3) During the period of Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty, the exclusive position of Confucianism was established, and Legalism died out. But the essence of Dong Zhongshu's neo-Confucianism is "Confucianism outside and law inside". In the feudal society of China, feudal rulers always decorated politics with Confucianism, supported politics with legalism and adjusted politics with Taoism. The hapless Mohist school can only cool off ~ ~ ~

There is a second answer:

Taoism, Buddhism, Confucianism and a hundred schools of thought contend.

The third answer:

Traditional culture:

The thought of Yin-Yang and Five Elements is the basic philosophy.

Explain the relationship between nature and human society.

Neutral thoughts and the golden mean to guide the solution of social problems.

How to treat one's self-cultivation and self-denial?