What are the drugs for treating benign prostatic hyperplasia?

The drugs for the treatment of benign prostatic hyperplasia are as follows.

(1) Antiandrogen drugs. Progesterone is the most widely used drug of this kind. After using antiandrogen drugs for a period of time, it can improve symptoms and urine flow rate, reduce residual urine and make prostate smaller.

① Diethylstilbestrol. Take 2 ~ 3 mg orally every day for 4 weeks, 1 course of treatment. Long-term use will increase cardiovascular complications, nausea and vomiting, male breast development, impotence and other side effects.

② Megestrol acetate. 40mg each time, three times a day. Inhibition of 5-α reductase activity can reduce the level of testosterone in plasma.

③ Flunitramine. 250mg each time, three times a day, three months is 1 course of treatment.

It can reduce prostate volume and residual urine volume, and its side effects include male breast development, nausea and vomiting, and abnormal liver function.

(2) α receptor blockers. Prostate is a kind of glandular tissue, but it has a large number of smooth muscle distribution and contains a large number of α -adrenergic receptors. When the patient's sympathetic nerve is excited, it can cause the smooth muscle of prostate to contract and cause dynamic obstruction. α -blockers can relieve the symptoms of urinary tract obstruction and help patients with acute urinary retention to pull out the urinary catheter as soon as possible. The following drugs are commonly used in this kind of drugs.

(1) phenoxybenzamine. Each time 10mg, 2 ~ 3 times a day, for 2 weeks. Side effects are usually dizziness, impaired vision and postural hypotension.

② Phentolamine. 10mg slow intravenous drip. Similar to phenoxybenzamine, it can be used for acute urinary retention because of its quick onset and short action time. The side effects are the same as those of phenoxybenzamine.

③ prazosin. The first dose was 0.5mg, and no response was changed to 1mg, three times a day. It can cause postural hypotension and has no effect on sexual function.

④ Trazodone hydrochloride. First dose 1mg, then 2mg, taken before going to bed 1 time. As a selective α -receptor inhibitor, it is mainly used to relieve bladder neck obstruction and improve urination. This product has few side effects and generally does not cause dizziness and postural hypotension.

(3) 5-alpha reductase inhibitor. This product can block the conversion of testosterone to dihydrotestosterone by inhibiting 5-α reductase, thus blocking the continuous hyperplasia of prostate. Clinical observation has confirmed the curative effect.

The commonly used drug is finasteride, 5mg each time, one day 1 time, and the course of treatment is at least 6 months. This product has basically no side effects, and a few patients can cause sexual dysfunction.