Festival customs of Han nationality

Spring Festival; the Spring Festival; Chinese New Year

From the first day to the third day of the first lunar month, it was called "shoes" and "New Year's Day" in ancient times, and now it is called the Spring Festival. Fuzhou people call it "making the year", which is the most grand and longest festival in a year. At dawn, every household opens doors, burns incense and shoots guns to welcome the New Year. There are many taboos in this festival tradition. When you say the first sentence and do the first thing, you should pay attention to your good complexion in order to look forward to a safe year. At the beginning of the new year, everyone should say auspicious words such as "Congratulations on getting rich", "Getting rich" and "Peace" in the first sentence, and the other party will respond with corresponding good words. No sweeping, no fetching water, no fetching water, no chopping wood, no washing clothes, no bathing, no haircut and no unlucky words. When the whole family gets up, they put on new clothes or the best clothes. Breakfast, some eat peacefully (noodles, chicken, duck eggs) to wish peace and longevity; Some eat rice cakes (brown sugar cakes) to wish you a high promotion every year; Some old people are vegetarians and pray for the safety of their families for a year. On the first day of junior high school, seniors will pay New Year greetings to their elders, who will give them lucky money or candy oranges.

On the first day, people can visit relatives and friends and celebrate the New Year with each other on the second and third days. As Wu Jiyun, a poet in A Qing, said in "Zhi Zhu's Ci at the age of Fu Zhou": "The imperial clan is newly dressed, leading others, being courteous and joyful; I met * * * on the road and made a fortune. " This is the landscape of Xinzheng in ancient Fuzhou. Families with married daughters will hold spring wine and invite their daughters, son-in-law and grandchildren back to their parents' homes for a banquet. Water boatman (? Women, wearing red flowers, blue shirts, blue trousers and blue shoes, went ashore together and went door to door, singing poems in Fuzhou dialect: "Aunties all celebrate the New Year and hang red umbrella lights in front of the hall; Okay？ I am embarrassed to send my slave to the door of the gold plate enterprise (meaning standing). " "The old year has passed, the new year has passed, business is booming, and big money is made; Congratulations on getting rich and safe. Send slaves? Passed the door. " This is called "begging? Poetry ",this is a New Year greeting. What is the New Year's greeting? To show good luck. During the Spring Festival, the streets and alleys of Fuzhou are decorated with lanterns and colorful decorations, and the festive atmosphere is everywhere.

After the founding of People's Republic of China (PRC), party and government leaders at all levels used gifts to pay New Year greetings to families of martyrs, retired cadres and old model workers before or during festivals. All relevant departments organize Spring Festival garden parties, parties from all walks of life, literary evenings and other activities. Those superstitious old customs gradually disappeared. In the early 1990s, most families installed telephones, and relatives and friends exchanged New Year greetings by telephone, thus reducing the traffic congestion during holidays.

In the early morning of the fourth day, every household burned incense to "pick up the gods" to welcome the kitchen god back to see things. All walks of life have holidays, set off firecrackers, set up shops, factories and offices. After the 1990s, the study time was adjusted, and now it is the eighth day of work. Some service industries are still open during the Spring Festival.