What kinds of nucleic acid dyes are commonly used nowadays

Commonly used nucleic acid dyes are:

1, EB dye

EB belongs to the nucleic acid molecular embedding agent, usually used in molecular genetics, DNA and chromatin structure analysis and other research, especially many domestic laboratories are still using EB for gel nucleic acid electrophoresis experiments staining.

EB is a small molecule that can easily penetrate the cell membrane and chimerize with intracellular DNA, and it has a planar *** yoked macrocyclic structure, which is a typical DNA

molecular insertion reagent, the phenanthridine ring is inserted into the DNA molecule between base pairs, and chimerizes with DNA to form stable complexes, and affects the replication of DNA

to disrupt the normal physiological phenomena of genetics.
EB is used as a mutagenic compound in human body. compounds, the mechanism by which it induces mutations in the human body is irreversible.

2. GoldView Dye

GoldView (GV) is a new type of nucleic acid dye that can replace ethidium bromide (EB), and its sensitivity is comparable to that of EB, and the method of use is exactly the same as that of EB. Double-stranded DNA shows green fluorescence under UV transmitted light and can also be used for RNA staining.

In essence, the so-called Goldview is acridine orange, also known as the legendary AO. There is a traditional apoptosis test that uses the very same dye acridine orange, the AO/EB staining test, in which the EB is unable to penetrate intact cell membranes, whereas the AO can pass through cell membranes to stain the nucleus as a means of distinguishing between apoptotic and non-apoptotic cells.

3. GelRed and GelGreen dyes

GelRed

and GelGreen

are two excellent fluorescent nucleic acid gel staining reagents that combine high sensitivity, low toxicity, and ultra-stability. Their water-soluble stains are EPA safe and can be disposed of down the drain without causing any environmental contamination.

The special chemical structure of GelRed

and GelGreen

makes it difficult for them to penetrate cell membranes and enter cells, which reduces the cytotoxicity of the dyes. But that's also why it's about ten times more expensive than GoldView.

Expanded Information

Nucleic acid dyes for scientific research applications:

1. Immunoanalysis

Fluorescently labeled monoclonal antibody technology for flow cytometry in the study of cell membranes and intracellular functional antigens, tumor genes and proteins in the field of unlimited application space.

Fluorescent probes can be valently conjugated to monoclonal antibodies by protein cross-linking agents***. The most commonly used dyes for immunofluorescence labeling are fluorescein isothiocyanate (FITC), phycoerythrin (PE), and AlexaFluor series dyes.

2, nucleic acid detection

Nucleic acid fluorescent dyes on the cell nucleus staining quantitative measurement of the fluorescence intensity emitted by the cell, you can determine the cell nucleus in the content of DNA, RNA, and can be analyzed on the cell cycle and cell proliferation status.

There are a variety of fluorescent dyes that can stain the DNA or RNA in the cells, and the commonly used DNA dyes include propidium iodide (PI), DAPI, Hoechst 33342, etc., while the RNA dyes include thiazole orange and acridine orange.

Baidu Encyclopedia-Fluorescent Dyes