According to Russia's current foreign policy?

Russian foreign policy is an external continuation of its domestic policy. As a successor of the former Soviet Union, Russia has repeatedly declared that dealing with other countries in the Commonwealth of Independent States is the primary issue in its diplomacy. This is also the case. Since Russia's independence more than a year ago, it has been devoting considerable energy to adjusting its relations with CIS member countries, trying to solve the problem that the former Soviet Union has just turned from internal affairs to diplomacy.

However, Russia has never neglected international exchanges outside the CIS. Compared with the Soviet Union before the disintegration, its foreign policy has obvious continuity, and at the same time, some adjustments have been made. The Russian Foreign Minister also publicly stated that Russia's foreign policy guidelines will be very different from those pursued by the Soviet Union in recent years.

The foreign policy pursued by the former Soviet Union in recent years refers to the foreign policy formulated and implemented by Gorbachev and Shevardnadze in 1985. The characteristic of this policy is to get rid of the ideological burden and begin to put the actual interests of the country in a prominent position. It is no accident that Russia basically follows the new diplomatic thinking of former Soviet President Gorbachev. First, because Russia is the main component and successor of the former Soviet Union, they have the same basic interests. Second, the main leaders of Russia and the former Soviet Union have no major differences on international issues, and their ideological systems are the same. However, due to the great changes in international status and regional politics, especially the deteriorating domestic economic situation, Russia no longer attaches importance to the political influence of the country like the former Soviet Union, but gives priority to making the country's diplomatic activities serve normal economic interests.

The goal of Russia's foreign policy is to form an alliance with western countries through integration with the west, and establish Russia's new status as a big country in order to play its role as a big country again in the world. Therefore, Russia puts the United States, Western Europe and Japan at the top of its diplomacy in order to enter the core of the West from the periphery. In less than a month from mid-June to early July, 1992, the Russian president paid an official visit to the United States and met them during the G-7 summit in Munich. All these actions show the goal of Russia's foreign relations.

This kind of diplomacy is obviously the continuation and development of Gore's new thinking diplomacy. A concentrated expression of new thinking diplomacy is Gorbachev's proposal to establish holmium 1990+0 1 in June. #2 127 1; Hemispheric cooperation zone? #30340; Strategic conception. This strategic concept shows that Gorbachev is ready to identify with and cooperate closely with the West not only in values, but also in economic, political and even security issues. At this point, Russian President Yeltsin went further than Gorbachev, and he even proposed to join the North Atlantic Treaty Organization in the future.

Russian diplomacy focuses on the west, and in the final analysis, it serves to revitalize Russia's status as a world power. Being a member of the West has two meanings: one is to complete the transformation in economy and politics, and move towards economic marketization and political pluralism; Second, it has the strength to compete with major western countries, especially economic strength, and is on an equal footing with major western countries.

While Russian diplomacy tends to the west, the west has also adopted a positive attitude towards Russia. In order to complete Russia's political diversification, economic marketization and privatization, as well as internal transformation in other fields, the west has drawn up a resolution to provide 24 billion US dollars in loans to CIS countries including Russia.

However, western countries don't really want to make Russia strong. The purpose of absorbing Russia into various institutions under their leadership is to limit and transform Russia, use Russia to control the huge nuclear arsenal of the former Soviet Union, stabilize the Commonwealth of Independent States, and prevent armed conflicts like Yugoslavia from erupting in the Commonwealth of Independent States and damaging its security interests. Therefore, western countries continue to weaken Russia's military strength and prevent its modernization through disarmament negotiations, and try to transform the Russian army and military enterprises through various military cooperation measures, and also recruit high-tech talents from Russian military science and military enterprises with high salaries.

These western practices are not only to prevent Russia, which has great potential and expanding traditions, from posing a new threat to its security when it becomes strong again, but also because its interests are not completely consistent with Russia's, and many contradictions between them have been exposed. For example, between Russia and Japan, Russia will not easily be willing to return Japan's hungry four northern islands to it. Another example is Russia's sale of military equipment and weapons to foreign countries, which is an important source of foreign exchange for Russia. Russia has made it clear that it is necessary not only to maintain the original weapons market, but also to open up new markets, including third world countries that are strongly restricted by the United States and other western countries.

On the other hand, Russia's position of striving to become a world power has always been very obvious, while the West is wary of the pursuit of Russia's status as a great power. Before and after the disintegration of the former Soviet Union, Russian leaders repeatedly claimed that Russia would return to participate in world affairs together with other major powers. As soon as the former Soviet Union disintegrated, Russia proposed to inherit the permanent seat of the former Soviet Union in the UN Security Council and control the nuclear button of the former Soviet Union. These are all arrangements made to maintain the status of a world power. 1992 65438+ 10. In October, despite various domestic crises, Russia insisted on holding the third phase of the Middle East peace talks in Moscow, and even exerted political pressure on Arab countries in order to hold the meeting as scheduled, which reflected its mentality of unwilling to decline and striving to become a big country.

Although Russia tends to the west, it has not completely ignored the East. On the contrary, in order to explore the economic transformation mode in line with China's national conditions and the major changes in the surrounding geopolitical situation, the Russian political and diplomatic focus shifted slightly eastward. Many authoritative strategists in Russia hold this view. They don't want Russia to be a small partner of the West, and try to take advantage of Russia's unique position across Europe and Asia, including many civilizations and different religions, to play an irreplaceable coordinating role between the East and the West and between the North and the South, so that Russia can once again rank among the world leaders. In their view, Russia should pay special attention to consolidating its position in the East. In the years when it is impossible to enter the western economic system, it should devote itself to promoting relations with the second echelon countries with similar requirements for Russian economic development. These countries include China, Indian, Turkish and some countries in Southeast Asia, Latin America and southern Europe. They are all committed to joining the world economic integration and implementing economic reforms without losing their national characteristics and dignity. These authoritative theories will inevitably have a certain impact on Russian foreign policy. In addition, the economic development model of eastern countries is attractive to Russia. As a Russian government committed to domestic economic reform, it is bound to consider the realistic economic interests of the country as an important factor in its foreign policy.

Another important reason for political diplomacy moving eastward is that, geographically, Ukraine, Belarus and the Baltic Sea basically separate Russia from East and West Europe. Russia now only borders Finland in Europe. Besides, it also owns the enclave of Kaliningrad. Russia has lost Belarus and Crimea, and its western border has greatly narrowed eastward compared with the Russian empire. Ukraine and Baltic countries also have frictions or contradictions with Russia. The independence of several Central Asian countries and their determination to safeguard the Commonwealth of Independent States, as well as the competition among neighboring Muslim countries and between these countries and western powers in Central Asia, all determine that Russia must pay more attention to the Muslim world. In addition, the Asian factor within the Russian Federation is also increasing. In addition to the long-term economic strategic requirements of developing Siberia, the two most independent Muslim Tatarstan and Chechnya-Ingushetia in the Federation are also in the east.

Another important trend of Russian foreign policy is to try to act as an international spokesman for the Commonwealth of Independent States.

After the disintegration of the former Soviet Union, all participating countries and countries of the former Soviet Union have become subjects of international law enjoying complete sovereignty, which is generally recognized by the international community. However, Russia still regards CIS member countries as its sphere of influence, and by virtue of its special status and traditional influence, it tries to carry out a Russian-centered foreign policy and act as an international spokesperson for CIS member countries. To this end, it actively promotes the establishment of diplomatic consultation institutions in the Commonwealth of Independent States to implement a coordinated foreign policy. It also claimed to be the successor of the former Soviet Union, preemptively took over 133 foreign embassies of the former Soviet Union, changed them into Russian embassies, and then invited other CIS member States to send representatives in their embassies. 19911213 immediately after the meeting of heads of state of cis member States in Almaty, the Russian foreign minister, as a representative of cis, informed the United States of the results of the meeting. Because there are certain interests and value orientations among CIS member countries, it is inevitable to maintain a coordinated relationship with Russia in foreign policy and accept its influence to varying degrees, but they will never agree to Russia as their spokesperson.