What are the financing methods for small and micro enterprises?

1. What are the financing methods for small and micro enterprises?

Financing method for small and micro enterprises: (1) intangible assets secured loan. (2) natural person guarantee. (3) Pawn financing. (4) Comprehensive credit granting. (5) Credit guarantee loans. (6) Housing loan.

Enterprises have made great contributions to the development of the national economy. Especially in recent years, with the strong support of the state for small and micro enterprises, the status of small and micro enterprises in the national economy is also increasing day by day. The huge financing needs of small and micro enterprises have naturally attracted widespread attention from the government, banks, e-commerce and other groups. Pay attention to one skill in everything. So, what are the main financing channels for small and micro enterprises? Please see below.

1. There are eight financing methods for small and micro enterprises:

1, comprehensive credit line

In other words, banks grant certain credit lines to some enterprises with good operating conditions and reliable credit, and enterprises can recycle them within the validity period and credit line.

The comprehensive credit line shall be declared by the enterprise at one time and approved by the bank at one time. Enterprises can use this money by stages according to their own business conditions, and enterprise loans are very convenient and save financing costs. Banks provide loans in this way, generally for enterprises in industrial and commercial registration that have passed the annual inspection, are well-run, have a reliable reputation and have long-term cooperative relations with banks.

2. Bill discount financing

Bill discount financing means that the holder transfers the commercial bill to the bank and obtains the funds after deducting the discount interest. In China, commercial paper mainly refers to bank acceptance bills and commercial acceptance bills. One advantage of this financing method is that banks do not lend money according to the asset size of enterprises, but according to market conditions. When an enterprise receives a bill, it usually takes as little as tens of days and as much as 300 days until the bill is cashed, during which time the funds are idle. If enterprises can make full use of bill discount financing, it is much simpler than applying for loans, and the financing cost is very low. Bill discounting can only be completed within three working days by going to the bank with the corresponding bills. For enterprises, this is "using tomorrow's money to earn the money the day after tomorrow", which is worthy of extensive and active use by small and medium-sized enterprises.

3. Credit guarantee loan

At present, more than 100 cities in China have established credit guarantee institutions for SMEs. Most of these institutions implement the form of membership management, which belongs to public service, industry self-discipline and self-non-profit organizations. The sources of guarantee funds are generally composed of financial allocations from local governments, member funds voluntarily paid by members, funds raised by the society and funds from commercial banks. When a member enterprise lends money to a bank, it can be guaranteed by a small and medium-sized enterprise guarantee institution. In addition, SMEs can also seek guarantee services from guarantee companies specializing in intermediary services.

4. Buyer's loan

If an enterprise has a reliable market for its products, but its own capital is insufficient and its financial management foundation is poor, and it is difficult to provide collateral or seek third-party guarantee, the bank can provide loan support to the buyers of its products according to the sales contract. The seller can collect a certain proportion of advance payment from the buyer to solve the financial difficulties in the production process. Or the buyer issues a bank acceptance bill, and the seller takes the bill to the bank for discount.

5. Joint cooperative loans in different places

Some small and medium-sized enterprises sell a wide range of products, or provide supporting parts for some large enterprises, or are loose subsidiaries of enterprise groups. In the process of producing cooperative products, it is necessary to supplement production funds. You can find a lead bank to provide loans to the group company in a unified way, and then the group company will provide the necessary funds to the cooperative enterprise, and the local bank will cooperate with the contract supervision. It can also be jointly provided by the lead bank and the cooperative enterprise's banks in different places to provide loans respectively.

6. Loans guaranteed by natural persons

In August, 2002, China Industrial and Commercial Bank took the lead in launching the secured loan business for natural persons. In the future, when domestic institutions of China Industrial and Commercial Bank handle the credit business of small and medium-sized enterprises with a term of less than 3 years, natural persons can provide property guarantee and bear the liability for compensation. Natural person guarantee can take three ways: mortgage, pledge of rights and mortgage plus guarantee. Property that can be mortgaged includes personal property, land use right and means of transportation. Personal property that can be pledged includes savings deposit certificates, voucher-type government bonds and registered financial bonds. Mortgage plus guarantee refers to the joint liability guarantee of the mortgagor on the basis of property mortgage. If the borrower fails to repay all the principal and interest of the loan on schedule or commits other breach of contract, the bank will require the guarantor to fulfill the guarantee obligation.

7. Loans secured by intangible assets

According to the relevant provisions of the Guarantee Law of People's Republic of China (PRC), intangible assets such as trademark exclusive right, patent right and property right in copyright that can be transferred according to law can be used as loan pledge.

8. Pawn financing

Pawn is a kind of financing method that takes physical objects as collateral and obtains temporary loans in the form of physical object ownership transfer. Compared with bank loans, pawn loans have high cost and small loan scale, but pawn also has incomparable advantages over bank loans. Pawnshops don't ask about the purpose of loans, and money is used freely. Repeatedly, the utilization rate of funds has been greatly improved.

Although the country is vigorously supporting the development of small and micro enterprises, and there are various financing channels, small and medium-sized enterprises are still facing the current situation of financing difficulties. Fortunately, business circles, financing circles and government departments have been exploring and solving this problem. I believe that in the near future, the financing channels of small and micro enterprises will continue to expand and the financing model will continue to innovate.

Second, how do small and micro enterprises apply for financing?

Common financing methods for small and micro enterprises are:

invisible assets

According to relevant laws and regulations, intangible assets such as property rights in China can be used as

(2) natural person guarantee

A natural person can guarantee a loan by mortgage, pledge of his own interests, etc. The mortgaged and pledged property includes all personal real estate, land use right, transportation period, etc. The bank will investigate the guarantor's guarantee obligation.

(3) Pawn financing

Pawn is a kind of financing method that takes physical objects as collateral and obtains temporary loans in the form of physical object ownership transfer.

(4) Comprehensive credit granting

Banks give enterprises a certain amount of credit line within a certain period of time, and enterprises can recycle the credit line within the validity period and scope.

(5)

At present, more than 100 cities in China have established primary and secondary schools. Most of these institutions implement the form of membership management and belong to public for-profit organizations.

(vi) Housing loans

If an enterprise has a reliable market for its products, but its own capital is insufficient and its financial management foundation is poor, it is difficult to provide collateral or seek third-party guarantee, so it is difficult to buy its products.

Of course, there are many ways for small and micro enterprises to borrow money. Different lending institutions will have corresponding loan products for corporate loans. Therefore, business owners must know more before applying for loans and choose the most suitable lender through comparison.

Third, how do small and micro enterprises apply for financing? Can gangs apply?

The simplest way for small and micro enterprises to apply for financing is to apply for financing services with cars as collateral. Bangbangbang is a company that provides high-quality auto financing asset services, which means that in Bangbangbang, everyone can use cars as collateral for financing, and such services are just suitable for small and micro enterprises. Catering, clothing, construction, foreign trade, transportation? Small and micro enterprises in all industries can apply for financing in helping customers. Moreover, Bunker Gang has the characteristics of simple application and fast payment. I use the Bunker Gang when I'm in financial difficulties.

4. How do small and micro enterprises apply for financing?

To reduce the financing cost of small and micro enterprises, the key is to find ways to reduce the comprehensive cost of financial institutions and quasi-financial institutions that provide loans to small and micro enterprises, including operating costs and capital costs, which can be started from four aspects:

First, lower the entry threshold for micro-financial institutions and establish a multi-level micro-financial service system. Only when there are more financial institutions serving small and micro enterprises and market competition is strengthened can the operating efficiency of small and micro financial institutions be improved and the operating costs be reduced.

Two, tax relief for small loan companies, reduce their operating costs. At present, small loan companies still apply the tax policies of general industrial and commercial enterprises, and the tax burden is not light. If the state can introduce corresponding tax relief policies to reduce the tax burden of small loan companies, and then encourage small loan companies to reduce the loan interest rate for small and micro enterprises, it will be beneficial to the development of small and micro enterprises.

Three, the use of financial funds to provide discount support for microfinance companies, reduce the financing costs of microfinance institutions. For those small and micro enterprises that support the national key industry catalogue, as well as small and micro enterprises in rural areas and small loan companies of farmers, the government should give certain financing support, and give financial discounts to small loan companies to raise funds from commercial banks to reduce their financing costs.

Four, the establishment of a special "supporting agriculture and supporting small" wholesale fund, targeted support for small loan companies to serve small and micro, agriculture, rural areas and farmers. The central bank already has the refinancing business of "supporting agriculture", but it is only open to formal financial institutions. It is suggested that the central bank relax the scope of access, emphasize the nature of business and ignore the nature of institutions. As long as small loan companies really "support agriculture", they can apply for refinancing support. State finance and large financial institutions can also cooperate to establish small and micro loan wholesale funds, issue financial bonds to banks, and provide wholesale financial support for small loan companies that "support agriculture and support small businesses".

Small and micro enterprises are not only the main channel to provide new jobs, but also an important foundation for social stability. To reduce the financing cost of small and micro enterprises from the source, we should not only make efforts to increase the supply of banks, but also increase the support for companies.