* * * Create a harmonious home (urgent ~! )

Building a harmonious socialist society, as a concept of governing the country, embodies the inherent requirements of the continuous development of contemporary China and is full of political wisdom and courage to keep pace with the times. In the process of building a harmonious socialist society, observing and analyzing problems with Marxist standpoints, viewpoints and methods and establishing a correct way of thinking will help us better grasp the problems.

Thinking refers to rational cognition or the process of rational cognition. In the process of development and progress, human beings always choose, change or innovate their way of thinking according to different social environments and tasks. Generally speaking, human thinking modes can be divided into two categories: one is contradictory thinking, or overwhelming thinking; The other is harmonious thinking, or biological thinking. Existence determines consciousness. Different ways of thinking are different reflections of the complex objective world in people's minds. Our world is contradictory and unified, so both ways of thinking are reasonable. The question is which way of thinking should be mainly used under what circumstances.

After the Opium War, China gradually became a semi-colonial and semi-feudal society. Ethnic contradictions, class antagonism, war and famine, domestic troubles and foreign invasion have made the people of China suffer a lot. In order to get rid of oppression and exploitation and strive for national independence and liberation, generation after generation of people with lofty ideals rose up and fought, preferring death to surrender. After the establishment of China's * * Production Party, he used Marxist materialist dialectics as a weapon to analyze China society, clearly adhered to the thinking mode of overriding contradictions, and led the people of China in a heroic and tenacious struggle with enemies at home and abroad, and won the final victory. "If there is an enemy without me, there will be an invincible enemy" and "We will oppose whatever the enemy supports; We support what the enemy opposes. " This is the embodiment of contradictory way of thinking.

Everything varies with time, place and conditions, which is a basic viewpoint of materialist dialectics. When talking about the way of thinking, we should also adhere to this point. Supposedly, after the founding of New China, we should change our way of thinking and devote ourselves to construction. However, due to the influence of various complex factors, the contradictory and overwhelming way of thinking has continued for a long time, and has even become absolute, with "class struggle as the key link". This has brought incalculable losses to the cause of the party. After the Third Plenary Session of the Eleventh Central Committee, our party resumed the Marxist ideological line, correctly summed up both positive and negative historical experiences, and demanded that the whole party "emancipate its mind and seek truth from facts" and shift the focus of the work of the party and the state to socialist modernization. Emancipating the mind and seeking truth from facts include the change of thinking mode.

Why must we change our way of thinking? Fundamentally speaking, it is the requirement of changes in objective conditions. On the one hand, after the end of the cold war, peace and development have become the theme of today's world. With the continuous development of economic globalization and the rapid development of modern science and technology, the dependence between countries and regions is increasing, and there is a situation in which you have me, I have you, and no one can live without anyone. On the other hand, in the new period of reform and opening up, although class struggle still exists in a certain range, it is no longer the main contradiction of society. Our main task is to liberate and develop social productive forces and gradually realize the common prosperity of all the people. Under such circumstances at home and abroad, we must follow the ways and means that meet the needs of the times and practice, be good at observing and analyzing problems in a harmonious way of thinking, learn from each other's strengths in competition and comparison when dealing with foreign relations, and develop together in seeking common ground while reserving differences; When solving domestic problems, we should make overall plans and make efforts to form a society where everyone can do his best and live in harmony.

Realizing social harmony and building a beautiful society has always been the social ideal pursued by human beings. Advocating harmony is a distinctive feature of China traditional culture, and it is also an important way of thinking and behavior of the Chinese nation. In social life, many people regard "harmony is precious" as an important criterion for dealing with people. In business, "harmony is precious" and in life, "home and everything are prosperous". This also enlightens us how important and necessary it is to regard harmony as a way of thinking in building a harmonious society. Of course, just as we can't talk about the opposition of contradictions without talking about the unity of contradictions, talking about a harmonious way of thinking is not a way of thinking that denies contradictions. A harmonious socialist society is not a society without differences and contradictions. Our country is in and will be in the primary stage of socialism for a long time. In the process of economic and social development, all kinds of crimes and negative corruption are inevitable. In order to build a harmonious socialist society, we must resolutely oppose these phenomena. This is the only way to achieve social harmony, and it is also the proper meaning of adhering to a harmonious way of thinking.

Building a harmonious society is a major theoretical and practical topic that people are generally concerned about at present. How to build a harmonious society has both big and subtle aspects. The author tries to analyze this problem from the perspective of the relationship between individuals and society.

Society is composed of individuals. Different individuals cooperate and communicate with each other to achieve their own goals, thus forming a society. As far as individuals realize their own goals, individuals have the right to remain independent of society; As far as social cooperation and communication are concerned, society has reason to regulate individuals. If these two aspects achieve mutual harmony, society will form a harmonious state. This relationship between individuals and society is reflected in personal life, which requires individuals to follow three principles of life: the principle of individual autonomy, the principle of individual responsibility and the principle of social order. The principle of individual autonomy is that individuals live in good faith according to their own wishes and ways, without hypocrisy and self-deception; The principle of personal responsibility is not to hurt others; The principle of social order is to give everyone what they deserve.

Plato in ancient Greece was the first philosopher who consciously explored the three principles of personal life. Plato's ideal country is also a harmonious society. In a harmonious society, the principle of personal life is: "everyone should do his own work, not become a nosy person;" When businessmen, assistants and patriots do their jobs well without interfering with the work of other classes, the whole city-state is just. " (Transferred from Russell: History of Western Philosophy, Volume I, page 153) Plato's exposition of the three principles of personal life still stays at the philosophical level, while the Roman politicians and jurists who inherited Plato's thought further embodied Berber's thought at the legal level and made it more clear. Justinian wrote: "The basic principle of law is: be honest, do no harm to others, and give everyone what he deserves." (Justinian: General Law, p. 1) "Honesty" (also expressed as "living honestly") means that individuals live according to their own wishes and ways, which is the principle of individual autonomy; It is the principle of personal responsibility not to hurt others; Give everyone what he deserves is the principle of social order. These three basic principles of law have always been in an extremely important position in the whole western legal history, because they are the legal expressions of the three principles of personal life. These three principles are regarded by Roman jurist Urbian as three classic formulas to express rights. As the pillar of western law, the private law system is based on these three classical formulas. Famous western codes such as Napoleonic Code and German Civil Code are all based on this. Kant's famous assertion that man is the purpose was put forward in the process of explaining the first formula of "honesty" or "honest life". In the western society since Plato, people have always regarded the above three principles as the basic principles of personal life and as the basic principles and formulas of law.

The three basic principles of personal life and their legalization are closely related to a harmonious society. It can be said that the former is the cornerstone of the latter. Roscoe pound, a jurist in this field, clearly pointed out: "We can easily find that there is a Greek philosophy aimed at maintaining a harmonious social order." (roscoe pound: Spirit of the Common Law, page 60) "Harmonious social order" is actually a harmonious society. Only by following the three basic principles of personal life can every member of society form a harmonious social relationship or a harmonious society. We can understand this problem from the three principles of personal life and their internal relations.

First of all, starting from the principle of autonomy in personal life "being honest" or "living honestly", individuals will realize their own free value and independent value when implementing this principle, and their personality and ability will be fully developed, highlighted and bloomed. "Honesty" or "living with integrity" means living in a way you like according to your own personality, taste and hobbies without hurting others. In this way, individuals will feel that their personality and ability have been fully developed and affirmed, and they will have a sense of satisfaction and realize their freedom and independent value. This excludes the possibility of individuals destroying and threatening society. According to Kant's understanding, the value essence of "honest life" is "people are the purpose". According to the first principle of personal life, activity is to realize the ultimate value of social life, that is, to realize Kant's "human rights". When the ultimate value of the individual is realized, it will naturally form a harmonious relationship with society and produce social harmony.

Secondly, judging from the principle of "don't hurt others" in personal life, when individuals implement this principle, they consciously draw a line between themselves and others, so that the independent life of others is actually respected. "Do no harm to others" is not only a respect and affirmation to others, but also a restriction and denial to oneself. The unity of respect and restriction, and the unity of affirmation and negation of individuals bring harmony between individuals and others, individuals and society. The principle of "do no harm to others" is not only a denial of oneself, but also an affirmation of oneself. Because if an individual hurts others, such as stealing others' property, then the law will punish him. So individuals can't deny themselves, and they can't be sure of themselves. The principle of "do no harm to others" embodies the harmonious and unified relationship between individuals and others, individuals and society.

Thirdly, starting from the orderly principle of personal life, everyone will "get his place" and "get his place" to realize the unity of personal value and social value, thus achieving social harmony. "Deserve" means that the individual's contribution is proportional to the individual's income. Personal contribution to society belongs to human social value, and personal gain belongs to human personal value. The third principle of personal life unifies people's social value and personal value, so implementing it can produce social harmony.

Finally, from the internal relationship of the three principles of personal life, if individuals fully implement the three principles, it will inevitably form the ideal effect of social harmony. The three principles of personal life are an organic whole: the principle of individual autonomy is an "individual right" that everyone must adhere to, which is equal, and it inherently requires everyone not to "hurt others". Because others want to live independently and freely. If you harm others, others can't live independently and freely. Therefore, the first principle inevitably leads to the second principle. In other words, the principle of individual autonomy and its equality will inevitably lead to the principle of individual responsibility. The combination of the principle of individual autonomy and the principle of individual responsibility will produce a harmonious social order, that is, form social harmony. Objectively speaking, the social order principle as the third principle is the result of the combination of the first two principles, but the third principle itself also has its own independent content, that is, everyone should have "this firm and lasting desire to give everyone his due part." This wish should be an important principle in personal life. If you see the distribution state of more work and less pay or less work and more pay, you must have a "firm and lasting desire" to correct it. This is the principle of social order and social justice. The combination of the three principles of personal life embodies the organic unity of freedom, equality, justice, order and social harmony. The unity of personal life and the principle of social harmony inherently contains the values of freedom, equality, justice and order. This kind of social harmony is what we expect. Finally, it needs to be pointed out that the universal implementation of the principle of personal life needs the close cooperation and support of the corresponding economic system and legal system.