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The State Board of Internal Trade in the "retail industry classification specification views", the Chinese retail store classification identified as eight categories: department stores, supermarkets, large integrated supermarkets, convenience stores, warehousing malls, specialty stores, specialty stores, shopping centers.

First, the department store

The current development of department stores in China presents the characteristics of large-scale, organizational grouping, operational diversification and the extension of new formats.

From the market situation, large-scale department stores are characterized by the following status quo:

1. Economic efficiency is declining.

Although the retail sales of consumer goods in 2000 than the previous year's growth of 9.7%, but the overall gross profit margin of department store retailers was a downward trend, from 12.9% in the previous year slipped to 12%, far below the level of 30% of the developed countries, the benefits of the enterprise's growth is far lower than the growth in sales, the effect of loss reduction is not very satisfactory.

According to the All-China Business Information Center statistics, in 2000, 273 key large-scale retail stores to achieve total merchandise sales of 129.39 billion yuan, an increase of 19% over the previous year (180 growth, 93 declined); to achieve retail sales of merchandise 107.28 billion yuan, an increase of 13.6% over the previous year (190 growth, 83 declined); but during the same period of the total realized profits fell 9.9% compared to the previous year. The previous year fell 9.9%.

2. The industry is over-expanding competition.

From the development of recent years, most of the city's department store retailers to build speed far more than the actual purchasing power of the residents of the growth level.

In large and medium-sized cities, annual sales of more than 120 million yuan of large shopping malls expanded from 98 in 1992 to more than 1,000 in 2000, there are still a considerable number of under construction or preparation.

In order to expand sales and increase market share, businesses minimize profits.

A large number of small retailers with low margin expectations further worsened the industry's revenue level.

3. Different business formats compete for market share.

A wide range of different businesses are competing to capture market share by attracting consumers with their own distinctive features.

In 1999, China's top 50 retailers in the slowest growth of the 10 companies, 9 of which are large department stores, are negative growth; 50 top 10 supermarkets accounted for five seats, a change in the past by the department stores dominated the history.

At the same time, and traditional department stores with similar characteristics of the collective business market share also showed a downward trend.

4. The market lacks hotspots, and consumer demand is clearly broken.

The income level of urban and rural residents has increased to a certain extent, universal, subsistence needs have been basically saturated, and the new high level of purchasing power has not yet formed, the higher grade of enjoyment, development needs are still in the "unattainable" situation, coupled with a large number of multi-channel diversion of the purchasing power of the residents, the demand for commodity consumption will gradually weaken in recent years. In recent years, the demand for commodity consumption will gradually weaken.

Therefore, it is difficult for hot commodities to appear in the consumer goods market.

Second, chain supermarkets

1. Fast development and wide regional distribution.

China's supermarket chains have become the most dynamic form of business.

Especially in recent years, large and medium-sized supermarket chain enterprises sales scale year after year, sales growth is significantly higher than the growth of total retail sales of social commodities and the growth of traditional department stores.

Since 1994, the average growth rate of China's supermarket chain industry has been over 70%, with a 53% increase in 2000 over 1999.

Shanghai's "Big Three" supermarket chains - Lianhua, Hualian and Nonggong - ranked first, fifth and eighth among the top 10 retailers in China.

Supermarket chains will overtake department stores as the first major force in the retail industry.

In terms of regional distribution, most of the larger supermarket chains are concentrated in coastal areas and provincial capitals.

Shanghai, Beijing, Guangdong and other places in the supermarket development speed, scale and level higher than other regions, the number of stores accounted for more than 1 / 3 of the total.

2. Intense competition, the supermarket chain industry into the integration period.

Compared with foreign supermarket chains, the scale of China's supermarket chains is obviously small.

From the 2000 sales, China's leading supermarket chain Lianhua Supermarket Co., Ltd. and Wal-Mart's 1/80.

At present, the main way to expand the scale of the supermarket chain company is the state-owned outlets for the chain of transformation and through the lease, purchase, new outlets and other ways of expansion, which belong to the expansion of a single capital.

To expand the scale of enterprises, the construction of domestic chain supermarkets, "aircraft carrier", only to further change the concept, through the joint, mergers, acquisitions and joining a variety of ways to break through the boundaries of the industry, the regional boundaries, in order to truly form a large-scale operations, competitive strength of the large supermarket chains.

3. Accelerated entry of foreign capital.

The famous foreign supermarket group companies look favorably on the development potential of China's commercial sector, have entered China, increasing investment, and has achieved good economic results.

Such as Carrefour 1999 sales in China of 6 billion yuan, rose to 8.1 billion yuan in 2000, the branch reached 28; U.S. Wal-Mart in China to open eight chain stores annual sales are expected to reach 3 to 4 billion yuan.

Third, warehouse malls

According to preliminary statistics, the country has more than 1,000 warehouse malls.

Warehouse-type malls have been the most economically developed Guangdong Province to Beijing, Shanghai, and then to the provincial capitals and other industrial and commercial towns to expand.

Foreign large and famous warehousing malls have stationed in the Chinese market, not only for the development of domestic warehousing malls to play a demonstration role, while intensifying the competition between warehousing malls, China's warehousing malls have gradually stepped into the standardization of the stage of development, many warehousing malls began to pay attention to the cultivation of talent and the internal management of the standard operation.

Warehouse malls from a single store to the chain management development, and actively seek economies of scale.

Such as Metro has six chain stores in China, now for the single-store operation of many warehousing malls, but also more than a chain of business plans.

Building materials and decorative materials storage malls have become one of the indispensable members of the family of storage malls in China and has been the rapid development.

China's first building materials and decorative materials warehouse shopping malls in Tianjin home in just three or four years, has grown to nearly a dozen building materials warehousing company, whose outlets have covered Beijing, Shanghai, Tianjin, Xi'an, Shenyang, Nanjing, Wuxi, Qingdao and other places.

The advantages of China's warehouse-style shopping malls are mainly manifested in:

1. Warehouse-style shopping malls are located in the middle and low grades.

China currently has 60% to 70% of the consumer spending level is still relatively low, so the positioning of the warehouse mall to adapt to the current consumer situation, coupled with the introduction of a series of shopping malls convenient service, and therefore quite popular with consumers.

2. Warehouse shopping malls to implement the membership system, some higher income, consumption, but at the same time more sensitive to the sale of concessions to their members, and its large number of consumer incentives, so as to become their own fixed consumer groups.

The implementation of the membership system is also convenient for business market analysis, to determine the trend of consumption, in order to develop a variety of marketing strategies.

3. Autonomous form of shopping.

Consumers are increasingly independent of the psychology of shopping, the dependence on the salesman weakened, and warehouse shopping malls are suitable for consumer psychology.

4. Streamlined and efficient management organization.

5. Warehouse malls generally implement the PB strategy.

PB that is, Private Brand (private trademark), refers to the retailer's own planning and development and labeled with the company's specific trademark goods.

The implementation of PB strategy has three major advantages: (1) reduced circulation links, circulation costs are also reduced, the general pricing of PB goods than the manufacturer of similar products to reduce the 20% to 30%; (2) constructed the retail industry under the domination of the distribution of enterprises in the production system, closer to the distance between the consumer and the manufacturer, can be the right time, the right amount of the right demand for the provision of goods that the consumer needs; (3) Helps to improve the visibility of enterprises, increase intangible assets, improve competitiveness, including the ability to compete with suppliers.

Fourth, the professional store

The development of professional store presents the following characteristics: rapid development, a substantial increase in the total amount; professional segmentation; diversification of business forms.

The development of specialty stores in the obvious acceleration of the pace of development in some major cities is exceptionally rapid, and gradually become a commercial format with the integrated department stores, supermarkets and driving.

These specialized stores with relatively low prices, professional services, chain management and other advantages, quickly divided the original large department stores market share, but its development is also faced with a lack of talent, backward management level, the limitations of the scale of operation and other issues.

V. Convenience stores

At present, Shanghai as a representative of the rapid development of convenience stores, Shanghai, more than 1,000 existing convenience stores, food, non-staple foods and daily groceries, varieties of 3,000 to 4,000 kinds of, an average business area of 200 to 300 square meters.

Convenience stores in Shanghai belong to nine convenience chain companies, with their own unified store logo, many of which are open 24 hours.

Some data show that 68.2% of consumers spend less than 20 RMB per visit, only 8% spend more than 40 RMB, and basically none spend more than 100 RMB.

Convenience stores adapted to the current stage of China's economic development level and consumption needs, is one of China's retail format more potential for development, is expected to develop faster in the future.

Sixth, the other business

In recent years, shopping centers in the country's major cities in the construction, the construction area of 5 to 200,000 square meters ranging from the country is building about 200 or so, basically to entertainment, food and beverage, services, leisure and shopping as one of the integrated shopping centers.

In addition to the above major forms, E-Shop, which is characterized by shopless operation and based on network technology, has also gained a certain degree of development in China.