Chinese traditional culture overview of the Chinese culture of the aliases are there

There are many Chinese aliases, the most common and commonly used are these: Huaxia, Jiuzhou, Chixian Shenzhou, Zhonghua, Zhongxia, etc. The meaning of these aliases is similar, and more generalized colors are the four seas, Yu Nei, Hai Nei, the world, and so on. With the meaning of these aliases is similar, and more generalized color there are the four seas, Yu Nei, Hai Nei, the world and so on. Here are a few of the most representative of the aliases are explained.

Hua Xia. Also known as the summer. East Han Xu Shen's "Shuowen Jiezi" said Xia is: "China's people." But Xia also has another meaning, which is "big". Hua means "glory and splendor". The combination of Hua and Xia has a very beautiful meaning. The word "hua xia" is often thought to have first appeared in Zuo Zhuan (左传). The original text reads: "Chu lost Huaxia". The original text reads: "Chu lost Huaxia". In the tenth year of the Duke of Zuozhuan (《定公十年》) there are also these words: "The descendants do not seek the summer, and the barbarians do not mess with the Chinese." Tang Kong Yingda commented on this: "China has the etiquette of the great so-called summer; have the beauty of the dress, so it is called China." In fact, this is still for the neighboring ethnic minorities. He emphasized that the Chinese nation of culture and education of the grand, etiquette of the circumscribed, there is a sense of cultural superiority.

Jiuzhou. The origin of the nickname "Jiuzhou" is equally ancient. The pre-Qin masterpieces "Shangshu", "Zhouli", "Lu's Spring and Autumn Annals", "Er Ya" and so on have records about the nine states. However, despite the many records, the legend of this nickname is the strongest. It involves the ancient story of Dayu, the Great Yu, who ruled over the water. According to legend, four or five thousand years ago, there was a great flood in China, and the people were displaced, so Shun used Dayu to control the water. During the process of water control, Dayu divided the world into nine states according to the shape of the mountains and water, which are: Ji, Yanzhou, Qing, Xu, Jing, Yang, Yu, Liang, and Yong. The story of Dayu's water control is also reflected in ancient Chinese myths. However, the nine states that he divided were not really administrative organizations, and were never really practiced. They were just a political ideal for scholars of the time.

But the ideal of the nine states had such a strong influence on later generations that people recognized and accepted it psychologically and culturally. So much so that later generations of literati often mentioned it in their poems and writings. For example, Lu You, a great poet of the Southern Song Dynasty, wrote a poem entitled "Showing Children": "I know everything is empty when I die, but I don't see the same nine states in sorrow." Gong Zizhen, a great poet of the Qing Dynasty, wrote "Miscellaneous Poems on the Occasion of the Birthday of the Dragon": "The nine states are angry with the wind and thunder, and the ten thousand horses are all mute, but they are sad." etc. Chixian Shenzhou. Red County or Shenzhou for short. This nickname first appeared in the Warring States period. In the Warring States period, there was a man named Zou Yan, who founded the doctrine of the "Great Nine States".

According to the Records of the Grand Historian (史记..... Mengzi Xunqing biography" records: "thought the Confucian so-called China, in the world is eighty-one points in one of its ears. The name of China is Chixian Shenzhou. There are nine states in Chixian Shenzhou, and Yu's order of the nine states is the same, but they are not counted as states. Outside of China, there are nine states like Chixian Shenzhou, which is also called the Nine States. Then there was an area surrounded by the Beneficial Sea, where people and animals could not communicate with each other, such as in a district, and that was a state. Such a nine, there is a large Yinghai ring outside, the occasion of heaven and earth." Zou Yan's doctrine has a very strong color of fantasy, which reflects a political ideal, not a purely geographical concept. This is related to the fact that there were frequent wars and disputes among the vassals at that time. The idea of Chixian Shenzhou is both related to and developed from the idea of Kyushu mentioned above, but its influence on later generations is equally great. Therefore, the later generations also used the term "Chihsien Shenzhou" to refer to China.

China. Compared with the above-mentioned Huaxia, Jiuzhou, and Chixian Shenzhou, the term "Zhonghua" appeared relatively late as an alternative name for China. The earliest known use of the term "China" is in the Three Kingdoms Records (《三国志》). The earliest term for "China" that can be found now is in the "Records of the Three Kingdoms". Shu Shu. Zhuge Liang's biography", Pei Songzhi's note has a sentence: "If you make a trip to China." In addition, "Wei Shu. Li Zhi" also has these words: "down to Wei and Jin, Zhao Qin two Yan, although the land according to China, Germany and the throne is shallow." Here the "China" is more of a geographical concept, only refers to the Huaxia, Han people live in the middle and lower reaches of the Yellow River area, there is no later cultural, political symbolism. With the continuous expansion of the ruling area of the Central Plains dynasties, gradually, all the territories under their jurisdiction were called China. Moreover, although the word "China" came out later, it seems to be more common to use it to refer to China.

The world. Ancient people believe that the "world" also refers to the whole of China within the scope of all the land, and sometimes also directly refers to the whole country. For example, in Shangshu. For example, in Shangshu, Dayumu: "There are four seas in Amam, and the world is the king of the world." The Analects of Confucius. Xianqian (The Analects of Confucius): "To dominate the lords and lords, and to rule the whole world." However, although "the world" also refers to China, its scope seems to be larger than that of China. Therefore, it also means "the whole world".

The above explanation of several Chinese aliases is the most common and commonly used, in fact, in addition to what we have already mentioned above in the summer, the four seas, the sea, the world, and other aliases, there are a few words in ancient times also refers to China. For example: Huanxia, the book of Han quoted Yang Xiong "Hedong Fu" cloud: "to Huanxia of the great Han Ruoxi, he had how sufficient and than the work." In the Jin Dynasty, Zhang Xie's "Seven Fortunes" reads: "Wang You's four blockades, and Huanxia's quietness and tranquility." This is the same meaning. The words "Nine Plains", "Nine Lands", "Nine Wilds", "Nine Catchments", "Nine Cities", "Nine Shepherds", "Nine Districts", "Nine Regions", and "Nine Domains" all mean "Nine States", which can indirectly refer to China, and can be regarded as the aliases of China. The word "yuwu" (禹域), which is related to the division of the nine states by the legendary Yu (大禹), has been used to refer to China in later times. There is another term, "eight states", which also refers to the whole of China, such as "The Book of Han" (汉书..). The Book of Han: The Biography of Empress Xu: "The people of the country admire the righteousness, and the eight states harbor the virtues." However, these Chinese aliases are relatively rare, people also use less, therefore, for the general public is relatively unfamiliar.