Traditional Culture Encyclopedia - Traditional festivals - Learn Drum from Jiang Huiling's Basic Lesson 1: Characteristics of Jingyun Drum and Introduction of Musical Instruments

Learn Drum from Jiang Huiling's Basic Lesson 1: Characteristics of Jingyun Drum and Introduction of Musical Instruments

Jingyun Drum, formerly known as Silent Drum, was developed on the basis of Wooden Drum. At the end of the Qing Dynasty and the beginning of the Republic of China, Yin Qing Zidishu, Peking Opera aria, Bangzi aria and other artistic elements were combined to form a novel and unique folk art school of "Jingyun Drum". /kloc-For more than 0/00 years, Beijing dialect has been the lead singer. It is a genre with high artistic achievements in China's northern rap music, and also occupies a very important position in China's rap music genre.

1. The basic sentence pattern of the lyrics of Jingyun Drum is seven sentences, and some of them are added with embedded words, sandwiched words and overlapping sentences.

2. Each lyric is about 140 or 50 sentences. The rhyme is based on The Thirteen Lines in Beijing, and most of the aria rhymes to the end.

3. Its basic vocals include Adagio and Adagio.

4. Jingyun Drum is a combination of singing and speaking, and rhyme feet pay attention to timbre and charm.

5. The performance form is one-person standing singing (two-person singing was introduced after liberation), and the rhythm is controlled by drumming.

6. The main accompaniment is generally three people, and the musical instruments are Da Sanxian, Hu Si and Pipa.

Let's look at this picture first and talk about the instruments used by drum performers.

First of all, drums and drum keys.

This is quite important. Jingyun drum can't do without drums.

Speaking of this drum, many people have questions: Why is it called "Jing Yun Drum" instead of "Jing Yun Drum" or other drums?

In an orchestra, the diameter of the largest drum is close to 1 m, while the drum used to sing Jingyun Drum is only eight and a half inches (about 30 cm). Why do you call it a big drum?

This should start with the role of "drums".

When drum (drum lyrics) songs (kinds) were just formed, there were no professional artists specializing in performances. It is performed by farmers or people from other industries in their spare time, and then there are floating folk artists.

Similarly, the performance venue is not fixed. It may be a fair or temple fair, or it may be a field. So, what is the role of the drum? It's called "round stick" in jargon, which means gathering the audience.

After entering the theater, because the role of the drum has changed, the size of the drum has become smaller. So, what kind of basic role does drum play in theater performance?

2. Drum plate

Is the drum board tied to your hand with thread or rope? Or like allegro? Or hold it in your hand like a royal board singing Taiping lyrics?

Today, I can finally solve my doubts.

3. What's this?

Drum stand!

Without a drum stand, I'll play with one hand and drum with the other. I want to sing and dance the Xinjiang folk song "Why are flowers so red" in minutes!

The traditional materials of drum frame are rattan and bamboo, but in modern times, copper pipes or stainless steel pipes are basically used. According to your actual needs, determine the size and height, and go to the store to buy it.

4, big three strings

Da Sanxian, also called "Sanxian Drum" or "Shuxian" in the north, is an alto instrument, which can be used for solo, ensemble or accompaniment of folk art, opera and song and dance. Especially in rap music accompaniment, the range of songs is wide and the acting skills are high. Among all kinds of drum books in the north, such as Jingyun Drum, Xihe Drum, Meihua Drum, Shandong Drum, Northeast Drum, Laoting Drum, JD.COM Drum, Jingdanxian Drum, Tianjin Tune, and Northern Shaanxi Ballad, Dasanxian is the main accompaniment instrument, and it is also the accompaniment instrument of Quyi.

5. Hu Si

Hu Si, also known as four strings and two clips. Originated from the ancient Western Qin Dynasty. Yang Chen's Le Shu in Song Dynasty: "Xi Qin is a musical instrument." It was used by court bands in Qing Dynasty, and it was called violin. Law and Lv Zhengyi, the late Qing Dynasty edition: "Violin, with four strings, looks like Ruan string, but it also looks like playing the piano." It is an accompaniment instrument for rap such as Jingyun Drum, Xihe Drum, Tianjin Shidiao, Hubei Xiaoqu, Shaoxing Lotus Fall and other operas such as duet, Quju and Shadow Play. Popular in Inner Mongolia, Northeast China, North China and other provinces.

6.pipa

Pipa (pí pá) is called "the king of folk music", "the king of plucking" and "the first plucked instrument", and it is a plucked instrument. During the Northern and Southern Dynasties, it was introduced into the mainland from India through Qiuci. Wooden, the speaker is half pear-shaped with four strings on it. Originally made of silk thread, now it is made of steel wire, steel rope and nylon. The neck and panel have "phase" and "product" for determining phonemes. Hold it vertically when playing, press the strings with your left hand and play with your right finger. It is an important national musical instrument for solo, accompaniment, ensemble and ensemble.