This paper discusses how to inherit, develop and popularize China tea culture.

Today, the world is facing the theme of "peace and development", and China is also building a harmonious society. Consistent with the world peace and harmonious society, China tea culture plays a particularly prominent role. Historically, the tea culture in China once carried the mission of a harmonious society. It appeared in the mountains and rivers of foreign countries, enriched the folk customs and let countless people get edification from the harmony of tea. Tea has become a medium to spread Chinese civilization and its etiquette norms. In the grand project of socialist civilization construction in contemporary China, inheriting and developing China tea culture is still of far-reaching practical significance for carrying forward the spirit of national culture and building a harmonious society. If China tea culture is pushed to the world, to the future and to the civilization and progress of all mankind, the spreading ability of tea will be more obvious. In this sense, tea is the civilized channel of a harmonious society.

First, tea culture and civilization

Functionally, tea has the effects of strengthening the body, refreshing the mind and opening up the mind. Drinking tea often can make people glow. Tea also has the functions of improving eyesight, caring skin and conserving thoughts, which is beneficial to people's health. There is a folk saying that "eat to keep fit, sing to keep your heart healthy, and tea to keep your muscles strong", which is actually the health motto of the nursery. After thousands of years of practice, tea itself has a series of health care effects such as anti-aging, anti-radiation, anti-cancer, lowering blood pressure, lowering blood sugar, lowering blood fat, nourishing brain and caring skin. Drinking tea regularly can regulate people's physiological and psychological functions and improve their physical fitness. Moreover, tea is a popular drink, and people can achieve health care effects by drinking it daily. Increasing the consumption of tea and reducing the consumption of other alcoholic drinks, carbonated drinks and compound drinks will effectively prevent the occurrence of various diseases. If we observe tea-drinking activities from people's physical feelings, we will find that tea itself contains exciting factors, but this exciting factor will not make people lose their minds, on the contrary, it will make people more alert. This is the positive effect of tea on matter.

When people drink tea, they can experience the peaceful effect of tea, so that the anger of angry people can be alleviated, the voice of rude people can be lowered, bored people can be alleviated, and people with emotional fluctuations can be reconciled and calmed down. There used to be a couplet in the academic circle, "Try the ink near the window, make tea in cold spring", which reflected the cultivation sentiment of literati. There is also a poem, "No one can judge water, since ancient times, eminent monks love to fight tea", which embodies the knowledge realm of tea drinkers. This shows that tea has a regulating effect on people's spirit. The operation mode of tea tasting and ordering, which has been spread in China since ancient times, has increased the feelings of tea drinkers from the combination of tea making and tea art, such as ordering tea, which is rich in content. As early as the Song Dynasty, in Cai Xiang's Tea Book, the skill of ordering tea was divided into baking tea, grinding tea, making tea, waiting for soup, holding a cup, ordering tea and other processes, and each process paid attention to peace of mind. In the Tang dynasty, people had the saying of "three boiling waters": when boiling, it was "boiling like a fish's eye, with a slight sound"; Second boiling, "the edge is like a spring and beads"; Three boiling "Tengbo Gulang". Make tea as soon as the water boils three degrees; Cook again. "The water is too old to eat." (See The Book of Tea? "five boiled"). Luo Dajing in the Southern Song Dynasty believed that "tender" boiled water should be used for drinking tea. "Tender soup makes tea taste sweet, but old Chata is bitter. "("he Lu? Tea bottle soup Hou "). Therefore, he advocated that the soup bottle should be separated from the fire after the water boiled, and then the tea powder should be brewed after it stopped boiling. Only in this way can the soup be moderate and the tea be sweet. When ordering tea formally, make a proper amount of tea powder into paste with boiling water, then add boiling water and brush it with a teaspoon while adding it, so that a thick layer of foam (that is, foam cake) appears on the surface of tea soup and can freeze on the inner wall of the cup for a long time, which is success. The reason why people treat tea so attentively is to pursue the appeal of tea.

In different areas, China people have different tea drinking habits. Beijing tea people pay attention to folk flavor and cultural style. They not only arranged refreshments in the teahouse, but also increased performances of folk art, drama and variety shows. In some tea tasting activities, some people introduced the Zen tea mode, and used the Zen meaning of Buddha's light to set off the artistic conception of drinking tea, giving people the feeling of being immersive and purifying the soul. The owner of Beijing teahouse likes to create an atmosphere of quiet tea tasting. Shanghai is more "exquisite" in tea drinking style. Not only the tea itself, but also the tea set in the teahouse. Shanghai style tea drinking is "exquisite" and blends into every detail of tea life, just like Shanghai girls. Drinking tea in Guangdong also means eating snacks and chatting. Their understanding of "tea" is broader than that of other provinces. Due to the booming business, people like to go to the teahouse to talk about business, and the teahouse has become the contact point and reception desk in the business circle. Generally speaking, Guangdong Teahouses are well built. If you want to strengthen the tea culture in Guangdong, you may have to pay attention to ostentation and extravagance. However, no matter from which angle, tea culture in any region is harmonious and civilized.

The harmonious atmosphere of tea culture in China is not groundless, but cultivated under the influence of Confucian culture in China. As we all know, Confucius is the founder of Confucian culture in China. His thoughts not only nurtured China society for thousands of years, but also exerted a subtle influence on people's behavior norms. No matter where we enter China culture, we can't leave the infection of Confucius' thought. 1988 65438+ 10, 75 nobel prize winners issued a declaration in Paris, France: "if human beings want to survive in 2 1 century, they must seek wisdom from Confucius 2,500 years ago." In fact, China Tea has always felt the essence of Confucius' thought. As long as we penetrate the time tunnel of tea life, we will certainly find that drinking tea itself contains countless cells of traditional culture. Confucius advocated "benevolence" and "propriety", which are so integrated with the emotional communication and etiquette civilization embodied in tea drinking activities that all China people who drink tea can feel the influence of a culture invisibly. Confucius' Tao has penetrated into the core of China traditional culture. Therefore, we propose to use "Confucius Tea Ceremony" to enrich the tea culture in China, emphasizing that the way of tea is the way of Confucius. What we get here is not only a historical naming right, but also an idea propaganda. Even though Confucius didn't drink tea at that time, the emergence and development of tea culture in China never deviated from the track defined by the sages. In this sense, the "Confucius Tea Ceremony" embodies the deep feelings of the Chinese nation and the wisdom of the sages, and at the same time allows Confucius' thoughts to be released in another field. Carrying forward Confucius in tea culture should be a main channel and a good way to strengthen civilized cultivation.

In a word, tea has many health-care functions for people's lives and is effective for people's personality cultivation. In a harmonious environment, tea will naturally become a mixture of civilizations.

Second, tea culture and interpersonal relationships

When people drink tea, they can feel a communication atmosphere that spans time and space and across barriers. The peace and lightness of tea will be closely related to people's pursuit of harmony. Interpersonal relationships can be born of tea and more harmonious because of tea. Tea rooms in society are mostly quiet places, providing people with a peaceful and comfortable communication environment. I remember that there is a contemporary "Tea Room Inscription" that says: "Thinking is a tea room, only knowing is virtue. Longjing West Lake Green, Guanyin Biluochun. Pu 'er is a scholar, gathering guests. You can keep fit and talk about tea classics. Yang Qingquan's wet ears, the prosperity of Yang Guomen. Respect the tea god! "You come to the teahouse, no one will make trouble. Tea has a lubricating effect on the connecting area of interpersonal communication that other media do not have. As the saying goes, "make friends with tea" embodies the function of communication.

In contrast, although wine is a multi-functional beverage with profound cultural connotation, it is too stimulating. I don't know how many people make trouble because of drinking, but I haven't heard of the negative effects of drinking tea. This shows that wine and tea have different behavior orientations in interpersonal relationships, and there are great differences between them. This pair of couplets also reflects the different functions of the two drinks. "Tea is always good at rhyme and clarity, and wine is strong."

Around the interpersonal relationship in drinking tea, the tea industry in China has created the communicative art of drinking tea, which has a more elegant cultural realm than drinking. People who drink alcohol usually communicate in excitement, while people who drink tea enjoy the fun of communication in peace. The popular "tea fighting" in China in the past was an exchange activity. Although some people call the tea-fighting activity "tea-fighting" and it has the nature of competition, it is still a spiritual exchange, not a separate competition. Tang Geng, a poet in the Song Dynasty, wrote in the Story of Fighting Tea: "Two or three gentlemen and fighting tea sent to Aozhai. It's full of fun to take water from Longtan to cook it. Take one for the top of one product and one for the bottom of two products. Fan Chengda's poem "Zhang Xinting" goes: "If you are bored, you will cook fragrant rice with fire, or even bring a long spring to cook tea. "In the Song Dynasty, in addition to testing the color of tea soup, we should also test the number of foam cakes and the length of time they stay on the inner wall of the cup, and the style of" the first one with water marks is negative, and the last one wins "is very high. In the past, people always had to meet three or five confidants when fighting tea, each holding his own tea, taking turns to taste it and deciding the ranking to compete. Although he won or lost, there was no competition. This kind of tea fighting can only deepen the feelings between people without causing disputes.

There are many recreational activities in tea culture, most of which can enliven interpersonal relationships. Gu Tao, a poet in the Song Dynasty, wrote: "Tea flourished in the Tang Dynasty. Recently, there was a soup with a dagger. Don't use clever techniques to turn soup veins into objects. " Animals, insects, fish, flowers and plants are all picturesque, but they soon disappear, and this tea has changed. At that time, people called it' tea hundred plays'. "Lu You's poem" The First Night of Spring Rain in Lin 'an ":"Short paper is inclined to be grass, and the window is cleared to divide the milk into tea ",which also refers to making tea for entertainment. Yang Chengzhai wrote the poem "The Noble People in the Temple Divide Tea", expressing the endless fun of making tea: "It is better to divide tea than to stir-fry tea, and stir-fry tea is better than to divide tea wisely. Steamed water, Old Zen, Spring Hand, Longxing Yuan Chun, New Jade Claw. When they met, it was weird and fantastic. Controversy, such as flocs in space, changes when shadows fall on the icy river. The head of the silver bottle is still high, so fuck Yao with soup as the word. You don't need to change the way the house leaks and it rains all night, just need this bottle to answer. Wei Zishan's black horn scarf told me to see the wind. Beijing dust is full of sleeves, and the sick eyes will open again. It's hard for Ding Han to demand justice, and it's not official to make plans for the tea bowl. It is better to return to cold Confucianism and tea classics. "It can be seen that no matter what kind of tea culture activities are carried out, harmony will be harvested.

Advocating harmonious culture is the basis of forming a good interpersonal atmosphere, and tea culture can create this atmosphere. It should be noted that due to the differences in economic conditions, social status and civilization, some contradictions and conflicts will inevitably occur among people from all walks of life. No matter how you adjust, it is difficult to establish good interpersonal relationships. In the absence of an effective interest coordination mechanism, using tea culture to guide people's cultivation and interpersonal communication can play a role in mediation and integration. Tea culture emphasizes harmony without difference, attaches importance to harmony, advocates mutual respect among people, and cultivates feelings, thus producing moral sentiments of being kind to others and rules of caring for others, so as to achieve mutual understanding and accommodation when dealing with interest relations and various contradictions. If we expand the communicative function of tea, we will certainly have a harmonious effect.

Third, tea culture brings the concept of harmony to society.

Tea can also convey social ideas, conform to the ancient civilization tradition, and be gently integrated into the hearts of contemporary people through philosophical sentiment. Tea, as the carrier of culture, endows people with such personality thoughts as "frugality, simplicity, honesty", which is integrated with China's philosophy everywhere. For example, the Confucius Tea Ceremony in China is the way to inherit the tea culture in China. It is rooted in the fertile soil of China traditional culture, absorbs the essence of Confucianism, Buddhism and Taoism, is full of wisdom and speculation, and has precipitated a heavy moral ethics and humanistic pursuit. It touches people's hearts through the moistening of tea and releases traditional philosophical thoughts with the word "harmony". When people feel the society through Confucius tea, their emotions will be particularly stable and show more affinity.

If we penetrate the time tunnel of tea life, we will find that tea drinking itself not only contains countless cells of traditional culture, but also carries the principle of China people's fraternity, which is so integrated with the emotional communication and etiquette civilization embodied in tea drinking activities that all China people who drink tea can feel the influence of a culture invisibly. Tea drinking activities are often based on self-cultivation, showing indifference, tranquility, nobility and simplicity, and creating an atmosphere and environment that is kind to others. Around tea drinking, China people launched countless cultural wisdom and carried out various tea culture activities, which finally made tea drinking break through the material level of drinks, transformed into a socialized lifestyle and entered the highest realm of life interest and spiritual pursuit.

In addition, in the process of drinking tea, through the processing and refining of culture, a lot of literature and art related to tea have been derived, and a thick tea culture has accumulated, which has become an important part of China traditional culture. With the development of economy and society and the gradual improvement of living standards, people pay more attention to the profound connotation of tea culture when tasting tea, which is conducive to improving people's cultural literacy and spiritual realm and promoting the construction of socialist spiritual civilization.

China Cooperation Times Tea Weekly (No.94) published an article entitled "Tea should become a national drink" and interviewed Mr. Liu Feng, president of China International Tea Culture Research Association. The article said: "Since the new century, the global re-understanding of tea has brought brand-new opportunities to China tea. It has become an important topic to advocate that tea is the national drink and let tea play a unique role in serving human health, promoting national culture and promoting the construction of spiritual civilization. What is' national drinking' means that tea drinking is not only a national custom in China, but also a symbol of national culture internationally. " The article also demonstrates the strength of tea as a "national drink" from all angles, analyzes the relationship between drinks and national culture, and finally draws a conclusion: "The intrinsic value of tea meets the inherent needs of human development in the new century. We advocate national drinking, which is linked with advocating new life and new values. ..... By tapping the inner spirit of tea, cha de is used to promote national culture; It is necessary to advocate tea as a gift and treat guests with tea to promote cultural exchanges between the East and the West. It is necessary to combine the development of tea with new technologies, new industries and new consumption patterns, establish a brand and innovate constantly, so that tea will glow with new vitality in the new century. " Since the tea industry in China has raised tea to the level of "national drinking", the title of "national drinking" should inject the power of civilization into a harmonious society and play its due role.

We believe that tea should become a "national drink". After all, tea is the first drink (non-alcoholic drink) in China. Besides, China has the largest number of tea consumers in the world, but we can't just put "tea", the most sacred, natural and connotative drink in the world, in the space of material consumption. We should also contribute all the cultural energy of tea to human society, so that people can enjoy the fragrance of tea in both material and spiritual fields.

Although the tea culture in China has experienced thousands of years of vicissitudes, it has a long history, and it will surely glow with new vitality in the framework of today's harmonious society. Because tea culture itself is a harmonious culture. As we all know, a harmonious culture is an important guarantee for a harmonious society, and it is also the spiritual driving force to achieve social harmony. No matter from the aspect of interpersonal relationship or from the aspect of man and nature, it is inseparable from the support of harmonious culture. It can be said that without a harmonious culture, there will be no harmonious social atmosphere. To build a harmonious society, it is necessary to cultivate harmonious culture, including tea culture.

We can confidently and without exaggeration say that the harmonious concept brought by tea culture will be beneficial to social stability and social development. The cohesion, centripetal force and affinity of tea culture itself will be recognized by more people in the process of building a harmonious society, creating a good humanistic environment and generating a civilized world.