What are the latest treatments for gallstones?

What are the latest treatments for gallstones?

1, traditional laparotomy to take gallbladder and stone. 2, open exploration of bile duct stones. 3. Laparoscopic small incision cholecystectomy. 4. Laparoscopy combined with choledochoscopy to explore bile duct and take stones. Other special therapies:

1, litholytic therapy (oral cholic acid and other drugs to dissolve stones)? The main mechanism of gallstone formation is the change of physical and chemical composition of bile, the decrease of bile acid pool and the increase of cholesterol concentration. The results showed that after taking chenodeoxycholic acid orally, the bile acid pool could be increased, and the cholesterol secreted by the liver decreased, which made the cholesterol in the gallbladder become unsaturated, and cholesterol stones in the gallbladder might dissolve and disappear. 1972 4 cases of cholesterol gallstones were successfully dissolved and disappeared by chenodeoxycholic acid for the first time. However, the drug has certain toxic reactions to the liver, such as the increase of alanine aminotransferase, and can stimulate the colon to cause diarrhea.

At present, chenodeoxycholic acid and its derivative ursodeoxycholic acid are the main drugs to treat osteolysis. Indications for treatment: ① The diameter of gallstones is less than 2cm.

② Gallbladder stones are stones that can be penetrated by X-rays and contain little calcium.

③ The cystic duct is unobstructed, that is, functional gallbladder can be displayed on oral cholecystography. ④ The patient's liver function is normal.

If the pain is not severe, it can be treated conservatively with traditional Chinese medicine, and the gallbladder cholesterol can be discharged with Defu Fish Stone Tea to avoid recurrence.