What are the traditional entertainments?

Traditional sports in China is an important part of sports in China and a valuable cultural heritage of the Chinese nation. Many excellent national traditional sports not only have strong fitness value, but also have high artistic value and rich entertainment and educational functions. After the founding of New China, the government paid special attention to the development of traditional sports of ethnic minorities, and has excavated and sorted out more than 1000 sports. For example, Mongolians are known as "men's triathlon" in wrestling, horse racing and archery. Kicking shuttlecock and tug-of-war of the Hui nationality; Tibetan yak race; Miao people ride and row dragon boats; Zhuang nationality has changed from young men and women expressing love to "throwing hydrangeas" in confrontational competitions; Korean springboard; Manchu skating; Riding a wooden horse of the Dong nationality (on high feet); Yao plays the top; Gaoshan people fly kites; The Kirgiz's Chasing Girls; Brown rattan balls and so on. Dragon Boat Race, Kite, Yangko, Go, Qigong, Tai Ji Chuan, etc. It is a traditional sport that both Han and ethnic minorities love.

The dragon is a symbol of the Chinese nation. Dragon boat, named after the dragon, is a unique creation of people of all ethnic groups in China in long-term production practice and social activities. Dragon boat races are entertaining and competitive, and have a broad mass base in southern water towns.

Kite is one of the important inventions in ancient China and the earliest man-made aircraft in the world. Its production is very common in China. Kites from Beijing, Tianjin, Weifang, Shandong and Nantong, Jiangsu are unique and world-famous. Every April is the annual Kite Festival in Weifang, where fans from all over the world exchange skills and spread friendship.

Yangko is a folk dance accompanied by rhythmic music, which is mainly popular in northern China. Because of its large dance range, it has gradually changed from artistic performance to fitness exercise, which is especially popular with middle-aged and elderly women.

Weiqi originated in China, and there were written records about Weiqi in the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period. Later, it spread to Japan, South Korea and European and American countries. After the founding of New China, it was listed as a formal sports competition and spread and developed all over the world.

Wushu, based on boxing, equipment, routines and actual combat forms, can not only strengthen the body, but also defend itself and preserve health. It has been widely circulated among the people for thousands of years.

Tai Ji Chuan is one of many martial arts in China with a history of 300-400 years. It is a combination of ancient Taoist health preservation and yin-yang meridian theory. Tai Ji Chuan originated in Chenjiagou, wen county, Henan Province, and there are schools such as Chen, Yang, Wu, Sun and Wu. Its movements are slow and coherent, requiring the command of mind, the coordination of mind, qi and body, static braking and softness.

Qigong is an excellent cultural heritage of the Chinese nation with a long history of thousands of years. It has a positive effect on getting rid of diseases, strengthening the body and cultivating temperament. Therefore, Wushu and Qigong are not only popular in China, but also widely spread all over the world.

China also regularly holds national traditional sports meetings for ethnic minorities, where athletes from all ethnic groups gather to compete for their skills.

http://www.chinaembassy.org.nz/chn/ljzg/tyyd/t25874.htm

Parents questioned: Why did physical education class "pile up" exams?

Recently, a student's parents told reporters that she was very worried about the pressure of her son's physical examination. She said that her lively son, who is in the fifth grade of primary school, likes football, basketball, swimming and physical education class very much.

However, because his son is short among his peers, congenital factors make him feel very hard about the physical education examination. If he fails to meet the standards, he will not be rated as "three good", and even the physical education department that affects his graduation will give him more pressure than the cultural class. The parent questioned that physical education class's purpose was to exercise students' health. Students are not athletes, so there is no need to set standards such as reaching the standard and passing the exam. Moreover, the quality of each student is different, and the same standard will inevitably make people feel unfair. At present, students' test pressure is already very heavy. Is it really necessary for physical education class, who could have relieved students' study pressure, to intervene again?

Reporter's investigation: the lever of physical education examination is still working.

At present, primary schools, middle schools and universities all have their own physical education examination standards, and the most stressful one can be the physical education examination in middle schools, because physical education scores account for 30 points of the total score, while primary schools and universities can graduate if they meet the standards. Compared with the senior high school entrance examination, the competitive pressure is much lighter.

Guangzhou: Middle School Physical Education Decompression

The reporter learned from middle schools in Guangzhou that the pressure of middle school students in Guangzhou is lighter than that of students in other regions, because the sports scores of middle school students in Guangzhou are not included in the total score of the senior high school entrance examination, which is for reference only. Only students who fail in the total score cannot enter key schools.

★ Guangzhou's 2002 senior high school entrance examination enrollment plan stipulates that the comprehensive evaluation score of physical education examination is calculated by combining the graduation physical education examination score with the sports qualification standard score, in which the graduation physical education examination score accounts for 30% and the sports qualification standard score accounts for 70%. Those who fail the comprehensive evaluation cannot be promoted to key schools.

Provincial Department of Education: Guangzhou's practice is illegal

However, the "good days" for middle school students in Guangzhou may be coming to an end. When the reporter called the Sports Department of the Guangdong Provincial Department of Education yesterday to inquire about the relevant provisions of the physical education examination, the relevant person clearly pointed out to the reporter that it is stipulated by the state that the results of the physical education examination should be included in the total score of the senior high school entrance examination. The current practice in Guangzhou is illegal, and the Provincial Department of Education will deal with it. It is reported that at present, the Provincial Department of Education stipulates that the physical examination of the senior high school entrance examination will be selected from more than 10 by relevant departments at all levels in the form of designation and lottery, and the examination results will account for 30 points of the total score of the senior high school entrance examination.

The teacher said: No one pays attention to physical education class until the exam.

Teacher Lin (a senior PE teacher in a middle school in Liwan District)

The current physical examination standard is based on the physical requirements that students of this age should generally meet, and it is not harsh. As long as you take part in physical exercise regularly and are not particularly obese, it is easy to reach the standard. At present, physical education examination will bring pressure to students. First, because the students' will quality is weak, they can't bear hardships. Second, students and parents usually attach less importance to physical education class than to culture classes. In fact, physical education class is a happy class that will benefit students for life. As a growing teenager, he should have at least one hour of exercise every day, but now many schools can't reach it. Once the learning task is aggravated, extracurricular activities are sacrificed first. Without the pressure of exams, students and parents' contempt for physical education class would be more serious.

Experts say: the reform of physical education curriculum is imminent.

Brand-new physical education curriculum standards are being piloted nationwide, and the examination will also change from the original absolute evaluation to the relative evaluation.

Zhou Aiguang (Dean, School of Physical Education, South China Normal University)

The current physical education examination standard is stipulated by the State Education Bureau. Generally speaking, it can promote students to exercise actively, and the advantages outweigh the disadvantages, but it still needs continuous reform and experiment. At present, the brand-new physical education curriculum standard is being piloted nationwide, and the examination will also change from the original absolute evaluation to the relative evaluation. Absolute evaluation refers to the current standards such as reaching the standard in the long jump for several meters and passing in the 50-meter sprint for several seconds, while relative evaluation focuses more on the learning process. If a student makes obvious progress with a positive learning attitude, his grades may be higher than those of students with better physical fitness.

The new physical education reform is mainly considered from five aspects: first, it aims to cultivate students' awareness of participating in physical education, that is, to improve their enthusiasm; The second is to cultivate certain sports technical skills. For example, there are six requirements in middle schools. The third is to promote students' health; Fourth, promote students' mental health; Fifth, improve students' social adaptability and cultivate the spirit of cooperation. In the future, students will be the main body in physical education class, and teachers will only play an auxiliary role. Finally, we will reform the exam-oriented education mode, take health first and lifelong sports as the guiding ideology, and pay more attention to physical education class's own process.

I believe that in the near future, a series of reforms can be implemented in physical education courses, and the changes will first be reflected in the physical education courses that universities advocate club teaching. Of course, no reform can be achieved overnight. The current plan is that tradition and reform go hand in hand.

suggestion

Seize students' interest and invest in sports hardware engineering

Yan (female, 24 years old, media worker)

In fact, exams do enable students to take the initiative to exercise a few months before the exam, but the purpose of "lifelong exercise" may not be realized. In my opinion, the basic items such as "Five Standards" can occupy the soul position in the physical education examination, mainly because of the conditions of various schools at that time. However, the economic level of China has been greatly improved, and the school environment has been greatly improved. It is unwise to stick to the "five standards" that students are not interested in.

In fact, every student has his own interest in sports. Table tennis, basketball, tennis, badminton, swimming, etc. Both are popular sports. Haven't you noticed that the school basketball court and badminton court are all contested by students after class, and the statement that students are unwilling to exercise can't be established. Every year, the physical examination consumes a lot of manpower and material resources, but I think it is better to invest these funds in building sports hardware projects that more students are interested in, and arrange cultural classes, physical education class and extracurricular activities reasonably, so as to stop imposing examinations on students and let them exercise happily.

It is advocated that game teaching should increase class hours and abandon exams.

Panda (male, 20 years old, junior)

Physical education class is supposed to let students decompress, and they should never be forced to exercise under the premise of exams, which will make students resist traditional sports. Moreover, the physical quality of students in a class varies greatly, and the same standard is extremely unfair to students. Therefore, instead of taking formal exams, it is better to have more school sports meetings and other activities. The most important thing is to pay attention to the participation of the whole people. It is not necessary to focus on traditional projects, but to engage in more projects with high student participation and great interest. In addition, in class, you can also refer to the form of competition and divide several groups to engage in football and basketball games. It is much better to motivate students with rewards and honors than to oppress them with exams. Under the examination pressure of multi-disciplinary cultural courses, physical education class's task is not only to exercise students' bodies, but more importantly, to relieve students' pressure, so as to adjust their body and mind. I think physical education class should be guided by the purpose of game education, increase class hours and abandon exams.

Related links: Nanning students taste sports "buffet" for the first time.

In May 2002, junior high school students in Nanning ushered in the senior high school entrance examination in advance and took part in the first physical and chemical experiment operation examination in Nanning. In the sports test, there are as many as 16 sports items for candidates to choose from, which is different from the previous test method that three sports items are specified and then one of the "five standards" is selected. In swimming, martial arts, football, basketball, table tennis and many other specialties, candidates can choose one according to their hobbies and specialties; Moreover, even in the compulsory running, jumping and strength content, the optional items are doubled. In the sports test playground, students can freely "taste" the sports "buffet" without taking the traditional "five standards" physical fitness test.

Physical education class has shrunk severely.

Our reporter Li Xiaowei.

Vicke Wang, a senior three, has never been to physical education class since he was a senior three, which makes young people who love sports very upset. Vicke Wang's parents comforted him by saying that it's time to study. We should redouble our efforts to get into college and have fun in college.

The physical fitness test of freshmen in a famous university in Beijing shows that the physical fitness and physique of freshmen are the worst among all students, and gradually improve with the growth of grades. The director of the school's sports department told reporters that from the survey results, the main reason for the poor physical fitness and physique of freshmen is that they didn't take part in physical exercise in senior three and basically didn't go to physical education class.

It is understood that in some areas, some schools have reduced physical education class on the grounds that their homework is too tight, and the phenomenon of changing to cultural classes is everywhere. Some schools have changed physical education class into a self-study class, nominally allowing students to move freely. In fact, students "consciously" use it to do their homework and review their lessons. Because the physical education senior high school entrance examination in some areas is independently mastered by the school, after the physical education senior high school entrance examination, physical education class in senior three simply stopped and was occupied by other main courses to attend classes or review exams; In some areas, physical education class, a senior three student, has only one course but never attended a day's class, which is simply "deaf ear ornaments".

The PE teacher summed up physical education class's position in this way: "What is important in words becomes secondary in operation. Not if you are busy. "

Conceptually, most parents and teachers think that physical education is very important for children, but in fact, most people don't want their children to spend too much time in physical education class, thinking that as long as they don't get sick, as for physical education class and physical exercise, the key is to do a good job in cultural classes. The fundamental reason for this alienation of cognition and behavior lies in the pressure brought by further education.

A survey shows that in the vast rural areas of western China, influenced by traditional ideas and driven by the one-sided pursuit of enrollment rate and jumping out of the "agricultural gate", physical education class has not been taken seriously in quite a few areas and schools. Due to the serious shortage of teachers and equipment, class hours are occupied. 16% of schools do not offer physical education class, 23% of rural primary school students do not attend physical education class, and 70% of rural primary schools do not fully follow the syllabus. Many local students don't know what badminton and other sports are. Going to physical education class means running around the playground.

However, in some places where physical education class is normally set up, the unchanging form for decades, track and field, gymnastics and other contents make students dull.

"Every time physical education class's content is almost all about queuing, running, doing exercises, and then there are various test items. Exams and quizzes fill our physical education class, but our favorite sports don't have much time to play in physical education class. " A middle school student told his troubles with personal experience that he likes sports, but he doesn't like physical education class. This phenomenon is widespread in many places at present, which has seriously dampened the enthusiasm of students for physical exercise.

A few days ago, in view of the phenomenon that physical education class was squeezed out of cultural classes, some CPPCC members called on relevant departments to pay enough attention to the shrinking phenomenon of physical education class, and it is best to protect the class hours and contents of physical education class through legislation.

The reporter learned from the relevant departments of the Ministry of Education that in recent years, the relevant departments have strengthened the supervision and inspection of physical education in schools such as physical education class and occupied stadiums. As of press time, the supervision and inspection team of school sports health work of the Ministry of Education has been divided into four ways to conduct special supervision on school sports health work in Jiangsu, Anhui and Liaoning. This special inspection team conducted inspections in Inner Mongolia, Hebei, Shanxi and other places the year before. It is understood that this special supervision work is carried out every other year.