How to write this paper? For example, from what aspects [analysis of the current situation and countermeasures of recycling used mobile phones]?

First, on the basis of the Law on the Prevention and Control of Solid Waste, the industrial policies, laws and regulations on waste recycling are promulgated, the actual management measures and specific implementation rules for operation management in China are formulated, and a sound management system for waste battery transportation is established.

Second, according to the principle of "whoever pollutes will treat it", battery manufacturers are responsible for recycling used batteries. When selling batteries, the mortgage system is implemented, and the state collects a certain treatment fee from battery manufacturers and returns a certain proportion to recycling enterprises. In China, manual sorting can be used to reduce costs, thanks to the abundant human resources in China.

Third, realize the production of low-mercury and mercury-free batteries and strengthen the production of rechargeable batteries. Realize the large-scale industrialization road of battery recycling. Enterprises that do not meet the requirements shall be ordered to transform or shut down, and those that do not transform or shut down shall be fined.

Fourth, the state gives certain policy support to waste battery recycling enterprises and rewards enterprises with technological breakthroughs and advanced technologies to become bigger and stronger; In view of the huge garbage collectors in China, we can maximize the use of economic means to improve the recovery rate of batteries, such as recycling a certain amount of used batteries per kilogram.

Fifth, publicize and educate people in newspapers, television and other media to cultivate public awareness of recycling.

4. Economic feasibility analysis of waste battery recycling in China.

The cost of recycling waste batteries can be summarized as follows:

The cost of collecting the waste batteries of many consumers to the waste battery treatment plant.

The production cost required to treat waste batteries in the treatment plant.

Sales cost and financial management cost of products obtained by recycling used batteries.

Environmental protection expenses in the process of recycling used batteries.

Through policy support, large-scale and industrialized transformation, low-mercury and mercury-free battery production and rechargeable battery production, the recycling cost is effectively reduced, the processing difficulty is reduced, and the large-scale and industrialized benefits are easily realized.

The benefits of waste battery recycling are as follows:

Sales revenue of materials obtained in the recycling process. Based on the national annual battery output of 654.38+000 billion, 654.38+0.56 million tons of zinc, 226,000 tons of manganese dioxide, 2,080 tons of copper, 2.07 million tons of zinc chloride, 79,000 tons of ammonium chloride and 40,300 tons of carbon rods can be recovered throughout the year, and the recovery value of various colored precious metals is high. Some people calculate that even if only half of the battery is recycled, it can achieve a profit of 20 thousand/day, and the annual profit of battery recycling in China can reach more than 700 million yuan. Due to the administrative fine, the production cost of ordinary batteries has increased, so the sales price of ordinary batteries has to be increased. Moreover, people will choose new batteries with high cost performance, which is conducive to the upgrading of batteries and thus promotes the upgrading of the battery industry. On the other hand, it also improves the profit margin of new batteries.

5. Analysis of waste battery treatment capacity in China.

China's growing economic strength not only attracts foreign-funded enterprises, but also promotes the vigorous development of local enterprises in China. China's economic activities are active and energetic. Facing the huge market demand in China, waste battery recycling enterprises have great vitality. For example, a battery recycling enterprise in Guangzhou can recycle old batteries for 20T/ day, but actually it only recycles 15t/ year. And most of the batteries are paid by the customs. For example, a foreign-funded battery recycling enterprise in Beijing can reach the processing capacity of 150T/ day, and the products developed have market prospects. However, due to the shortage of used batteries, it has to import used batteries from abroad. On the other hand, millions of tons of used batteries are buried in landfills. The huge annual production and sales of more than 654.38+0.5 billion batteries in China are still not fully digested by enterprises. Fortunately, more and more processing enterprises began to build. It is believed that with the continuous progress of technology and the continuous improvement of processing capacity, China's waste battery processing enterprises have sufficient processing capacity.

5. Comparative analysis with foreign recycling technology

At present, the recycling technology in developed countries abroad is generally more advanced than that in China, which is determined by specific historical conditions. China has developed rapidly in a short time, and many technologies and equipment have reached or approached the advanced level abroad. For example, the recycling process of waste batteries in Xi 'an, Shaanxi Province is advanced and reliable, which basically meets the requirements of industrialization and provides technical support for the harmless treatment and comprehensive utilization of waste batteries in China. China has its own unique advantages: First, the total amount of waste batteries in China is huge, which provides a foundation for the market; Second, China is rich in human resources, and the huge human market provides China with low production costs; Third, China's scientific research strength is profound, and scientific research talents are constantly emerging, providing a reserve army for China's scientific research; Fourth, China is a centralized socialist country, and the national principles and policies have been well implemented and managed, which has greatly mobilized the enthusiasm of production.

6. Conclusion

After detailed analysis and demonstration, it can be concluded that China can vigorously recycle used batteries. The recycling of waste materials not only has great economic benefits, but also has great environmental benefits. The specific performance is as follows: the recycling of used batteries is intuitively manifested in the impact and pressure reduction caused by solid waste such as used batteries; At the same time, it beautifies the environment, reduces the pollution of atmosphere, water and soil, and well protects people's physical and mental health.

7. Disposal of waste water and waste gas generated in the process of recycling waste batteries.

The comprehensive utilization of waste batteries can adopt clean production management mode, adjust product structure and carry out comprehensive recovery. In the battery manufacturing industry, vigorously carry out green projects conducive to environmental protection and resource recycling, and establish green signs and green products. However, waste batteries will inevitably produce waste water and waste gas in the process of recycling, which is a problem that must be faced in the production process. While improving the technical level, we should also actively do a good job in the treatment of wastewater and waste gas to avoid secondary pollution.

The annual output of batteries in China has reached 654.38+0.4 billion ~ 654.38+0.5 billion, and the annual consumption is 9 billion, accounting for 654.38+0/4 of the world output. Waste batteries are discarded at will or buried improperly, which will cause the loss of harmful substances such as mercury, nickel, lead and chromium for too long. These harmful substances do great harm to underground water sources and soil. One No.1 battery is enough to make 1 m2 of soil lose its agricultural value, while one button cell can pollute 600,000 liters of water (which is a person's lifetime water consumption). Obviously, the recycling and disposal of used batteries must not be regarded as trivial matters. The harm of waste batteries is obvious to all. If we don't care about it, it will only be our own home that will get hurt in the end. Only when you, Qi Xin and I work together, starting from me, and making environmental protection a living habit, can the recycling of used batteries be carried out smoothly.

In China, the recycled waste rechargeable batteries must be sorted manually, and the nickel-cadmium batteries, nickel-hydrogen batteries and lithium batteries must be sorted out, then put into solid plastic packaging barrels, sealed and properly stored in special warehouses that are rain-proof, sun-proof, fire-proof and anti-theft. It is estimated that the collected waste batteries need to be temporarily stored for a period of time before they can be disposed of. The resource reuse of disposable dry batteries needs to reach a certain amount to be profitable. At present, the treatment countermeasure is to go to the sanitary landfill site for centralized and harmless landfill, and then take it out for recycling after the technology is mature.

It is understood that according to the service life of batteries and the update speed of electronic equipment, the number of discarded rechargeable batteries in Shenzhen every year is quite amazing, reaching 50 ~ 100 tons/year. Rechargeable batteries are the main pollution source of waste batteries. The lead they contain will damage the blood circulation system, digestive system and nervous system, while cadmium will cause serious diseases such as kidney damage and osteomalacia. Due to the potential heavy metal pollution and organic pollution of waste batteries, the pollution of waste batteries has aroused widespread concern from the public, media and environmental management departments in recent years, and developed countries have a very positive attitude towards the recycling of waste batteries:

Japan: Nomura Corporation of Hokkaido buys10.3 million tons of waste batteries from all over the country every year, accounting for 20% of the national waste batteries. Among them, 93% were collected by non-governmental environmental protection organizations, and 7% were collected by various manufacturers. In the past, mercury was mainly recycled, but at present, batteries in Japan no longer contain mercury, so we mainly recycle the iron case of batteries and the "black" raw materials inside, and develop and manufacture secondary products, such as one of which can be used for TV picture tubes.

Germany: Consumers are required to send waste dry batteries, button cell and other types of batteries to shops or waste recycling stations for recycling. Stores and waste recycling stations must unconditionally receive waste batteries and hand them over to manufacturers for recycling. Waste recycling stations and manufacturers generally only recycle batteries containing toxic chemicals such as cadmium and mercury, while 90% of ordinary zinc-carbon batteries and aluminum-magnesium batteries are buried or burned as domestic garbage.

Switzerland: There is a factory that treats old batteries by heat treatment. Grinding old batteries, then heating them in a furnace to extract volatile mercury and zinc, which are precious metals. Iron and manganese are melted to form ferromanganese alloy for steelmaking. The factory can process 2000 tons of waste batteries a year, and can obtain 780 tons of ferromanganese alloy, 400 tons of zinc alloy and 3 tons of mercury.

USA: It is the country with the most detailed legislation on environmental management of waste batteries. Not only has a perfect waste battery recycling system been established, but also a number of waste battery treatment plants have been established. At the same time, we will persistently publicize and educate the public, so that the public can consciously support and cooperate with the recycling of used batteries.