Interpretation of film and television literature terms

"Shadow", that is, film, "vision", that is, television. Film is a comprehensive art, which integrates painting and drama, music and sculpture, architecture and dance, scenery and people, visual image and auditory language. Its main features are: first, it reflects life from a highly comprehensive perspective and presents an artistic real-world scene to the viewer, which is difficult for other arts to do. Secondly, the expression forms of time art and space art are combined, so that the screen image created by them becomes an artistic image based on the intersection of time and space. Movies, like other literary genres, take people, their souls and feelings as the research object and description object, and are narrative. It often uses literary techniques to express characters and reflect life; It also uses the basic tool of literature-language art to depict characters. Therefore, this literary style is both cinematic and literary. Television is the product of modern science and technology, which is about 30 years later than movies. The name "TV literature", like the name "movie literature", is named after the appearance of literary scripts. Compared with film literature, TV literature is the same in many aspects. The difference is that (1) the aesthetic medium of TV is "screen", while the film is "screen". (2) TV is to shoot the subject on a video tape with a camera, and after relatively simple processing, it can be made into a TV movie. The film is first photographed on the strip film with a camera, and then made into film through the process of printing and editing. (3) TV is enjoyed by families, while movies are enjoyed by large groups. Due to the above three differences, the length and theme capacity of TV and movies are different, but the life characteristics reflected by literature are the same. Artistic expression From the description of characters, novels mostly use narrative, description, lyricism, discussion, explanation or narration to introduce and analyze the life experiences, experiences, personality characteristics, psychological activities, hobbies and habits of characters, while film and television literature mostly uses the movements, expressions, manners, behaviors and languages of characters. Moreover, the text pays attention to visualization and concreteness, and rarely is it directly described by the narrator, because the fragments in descriptions, novels and dramas can describe the inner world of the characters in detail, while film and television literature is not allowed to make long psychological descriptions, but can only use highly concentrated and concise personality language. From the perspective of artistic expression methods, film and television literature often adopts the following methods: 1. Parallel intersection. That is to connect things that happened in different places at the same time alternately, which is equivalent to "straightforward narration" in narrative. 2. Contrast. On the surface, it looks like a parallel type, but it is not a combination of things that happen at the same time, but a combination of two contrasting objects or scenes to produce a sharp contrast. 3. Escaping mechanism. Deliberately let the audience estimate that the next development is predictable through hints, and the result is just the opposite, which makes the audience unexpected. 4. Dialogue. Connect one person's conversation in the previous shot skillfully and naturally to another person's conversation in the next shot, so that it can be connected naturally and seamlessly. 5. symbolic. Before and after the two lens images are processed similarly, and then connected to produce symbolic meaning. 6. render. Accumulate many shots of the same nature and then combine them to form a specific atmosphere. 7. Detail connection. Through a single prominent image and vivid details to achieve transformation, and promote the development of the plot. 8. Audio connection. Use sound as a medium to connect different pictures. 9. Music connection. Connect different pictures with music as the medium. 10. Voice-over connection. That is, voice-over is used to connect different pictures. It has two forms of expression, one is guided explanation, and the other is inner monologue. The special means of expression of film and television literature can be divided into fixed lens and moving lens according to the different shooting methods. In particular, we should know the shooting methods such as "push, pull, shake, move, follow, rise and fall" in sports shots. Due to the use of different shooting methods, special artistic effects can be produced; Different scenes need different artistic means in movies. For example, perspective refers to shooting full-length portraits and the vast space, environment, natural scenery or scenes around the characters, which are mainly used to explain the environment and atmosphere. Panorama-take pictures of people and their surroundings or natural scenery to show the whole scene. Mid shot-a scene that shows the movement of characters above the knee, with a certain free movement space. Close-up-a scene that shows the activities and facial expressions of the characters above the chest. Close-up-refers to the head moving over the shoulders, or prominently occupying the picture or screen with the "things" to be emphasized. Tv literature works are screen sound and picture works covering all literary forms expressed by TV means, including TV novels, TV essays, TV poems, TV reportage and so on. Its most prominent external feature is the visualization of language, which not only transforms the object of literary language into a visible picture image, but also faithfully restores literary language. Its obvious internal feature is association, that is, it has imaginative connotation behind the striking voice and painting image. Therefore, in TV programs, TV literature works are different and undoubtedly unique programs. Among them, TV poetry prose is the most representative TV literature work. Generally speaking, TV poetry prose is TV style, that is, TV style that expresses lyric and freehand artistic conception of poetry prose on TV screen. The significance of TV poetry prose includes two aspects: first, it refers to the TV expression of literary poetry prose, which reflects the style, character and artistic conception of literary form with the unique artistic means of TV and produces touching artistic charm. The early Lotus Lake (prose), the dream of longing for the snow in the sea (poetry), and the recent Sister, Forever Regret, I Saw the Sea and Residual Lotus are all representative creations. Second, the content of TV performance is in the form of prose, with flexible form, pursuit of artistic conception and beautiful and moving pictures. The latter form can also be classified as a kind of art film, but it can also be summarized as TV poetry prose. Such as "Mist Lost Tower" and "Dialogue between Asahi and Sunset". Because TV poetry and prose is a combination of literature and TV means, its artistic expression characteristics are unique. The uniqueness of TV prose lies in its "scattered" expression, which creates literary artistic conception with flexible sound and picture forms; And its essence is "gathering"-gathering God. It has more similarities with literary poetry and prose, that is, flying smart and concise; Compared with other forms of TV literature, the lyrical color is more intense and the pursuit of artistic conception is more obvious. 1. What is film and television literature? The so-called film and television literature refers to a type of literature that uses the general law of literary creation, focuses on the design of auditory and visual communication through radio and television audio and video media, constructs plots, shapes images, creates atmosphere, expresses feelings, and endows audiences with literary aesthetic interest. 2. What is the relationship between film and television literature and traditional literature? From the perspective of essential attributes, film and television literature is first of all literature and a literary style, so it has close blood relationship and the same law with other literary styles; At the same time, with the help of film and television media, film and television literature inevitably presents the characteristics of film and television media. Film and television literature can be said to be the product of the combination of ancient traditional literature and emerging film and television. 3. What is the formation process of film and television literature? Literature is an ancient social phenomenon that has developed for thousands of years. In the long history of thousands of years, the style and types of literature have changed repeatedly, from simple to complex, but its expression is basically single, that is, literary language is used as the medium to create images with words. This expression mainly acts on the visual organs of the audience and is a flat form of acceptance and interpretation. This situation continued until the invention of electronic technology. After the film changed from silence to sound, it broke away from the naive stage of reflecting reality with moving images and was replaced by the rational stage of creating with montage narration. In this context, a new literary style, film literature, which is completely different from the traditional literary style, came into being. Film literature combines the advantages and disadvantages of literature and film, and has the advantages of "reading" and "seeing", which can be used for both the viewer's vision and the viewer's hearing. This is not available in any traditional style in the past. Almost at the same time, with the help of radio wave propagation and mechanical recording, broadcasting is narrated by sound and appealed to human hearing. A direct result of this expression of broadcasting is a new type of "drama"-"radio drama", which affects the audience's hearing. The appearance of radio drama marks the combination of traditional literature and broadcasting, thus producing a new type of radio literature. The appearance of film literature and broadcast literature laid the foundation for the appearance of TV literature. Television literature absorbs the intuitive image of film literature, directly appeals to the expression of association of viewers, and forms a unique new literary style. The basic characteristics of film and television literature: film and television literature is a literary script of film and television. The basic features are: vision, movement and montage structure. Visibility, that is, the image described in the literary script of film and television literature can clearly reflect the visual image, which is concrete and realistic. Action, that is, the description of characters in film and television literature scripts, is a clear and rich description of action. Montage structural mode refers to a special structural mode that combines many pictures with different contents and different scenes according to the creative intention to produce artistic effects such as coherence, contrast, association, contrast, suspense and rhythm.