Traditional Culture Education Center

Traditional culture is the evolution of civilization and brought together into a national culture reflecting the national character and style, is the national history of various ideological and cultural, conceptual forms of the overall characterization. All over the world, each nation has its own traditional culture.

China's traditional culture has Confucianism as its core, as well as Taoism, Buddhism and other cultural forms, including: ancient texts, poems, lyrics, songs, fugues, national music, national theater, opera, Chinese painting, calligraphy, couplets, lantern riddles, riddles, shooting over the top, wine orders, hermetic phrases and so on.

Culture itself is a vague concept. Generally speaking, culture is a social phenomenon, a product of people's long-term creation. At the same time, it is also a historical phenomenon, the accumulation of social history.

Traditional culture of China is a kind of national culture reflecting national qualities and styles that evolved from Chinese civilization, and it is a general characterization of all kinds of thoughts, cultures and concepts in the history of the nation, and refers to the culture created by the Chinese nation and its ancestors living in China and the culture with distinctive national characteristics that has been inherited and developed by the Chinese nation for many generations. It refers to the culture created by the Chinese people and their ancestors living in the territory of China, which has been inherited and developed by the Chinese people over the generations and has distinctive national characteristics, a long history, profound connotations and fine traditions. It is the crystallization of thousands of years of civilization of the Chinese nation, and in addition to the core content of Confucian culture, it also contains other cultural forms, such as Taoist culture, Buddhist culture, and so on.

Broadly speaking, culture is the sum of human spiritual life and material life. Just kidding, a man standing on a street corner, a mouthful of spittle flying out, is a cultural phenomenon. If it is two women, a humming, a yuck, this culture is much more complex. The broad nature of culture leads to the study of culture, often have a dog gnawing on the hedgehog is difficult to get down the embarrassment. American cultural anthropologist Lowell said: I have been entrusted with a difficult job, which is to talk about culture. But there is nothing else in this world more difficult to grasp than culture. We can't analyze it because its components are endless, we can't narrate it because it has no fixed shape. We try to range its meaning in words, as if we were trying to hold air in our hands. When we go looking for culture, it is everywhere except not in our hands. Hoo-hoo, speaking here, the students will find that this guy copied our Taoist founder, try to see the original words of Laozi: see the name of the unseen is said to be Yi, listen to the name of the unheard is said to be Xi, wrestling with the name of the unavailable is said to be micro, these three can not be to the cross-examination, and therefore mixed into one. It is not on the mere, not under the obscurity, the rope can not be named, back to nothing, is called the shape of nothing, nothing like, is called a trance. Welcome to not see its head, with the not see its back ...... with no translation, we can see, Lowell plagiarized Laozi, only to change the name, Laozi talked about the Tao, this girl changed into culture. Here a joke ah.

Narrowly speaking, culture refers only to the field of people's spiritual life. On this basis, and according to the different perspectives, the cultural structure is further categorized First, from the perspective of time, there are primitive culture, ancient culture, modern culture, modern culture. Secondly, from a spatial perspective, there are oriental cultures, western cultures, oceanic cultures, and continental cultures. Thirdly, from the social level, there are noble culture, common culture, official culture, folk culture, mainstream culture, marginal culture (Mr. Jiang Yihua divided it into normative culture, non-normative culture and semi-normative culture. This division is relatively new, so I will focus on it. The so-called normative culture, Mr. Jiang believes that the Confucian classics as the scripture, to the successive generations of official revision of history as the latitude, in the long-term flow of evolution of traditional culture

widely absorbed the Tao, law, yin and yang, vertical and horizontal, Xuan, Buddha and the formation of the doctrine of the history of the scripture and culture, is the highest authority of the normative culture of the Chinese small-scale peasant society. Correspondingly, there is a non-normative culture that exists among the general public in the form of mode of production, way of life, human relations, customs, habits, beliefs, pursuits, daily psychology, latent consciousness, and all kinds of written or unwritten systems. In addition to these two types of culture, there is also a semi-normative culture in between, which refers to a large number of literary and artistic works of varying degrees of elegance and vulgarity, and a variety of cultural and educational, religious and recreational activities that are semi-detached from the culture of history and scripture, such as "Water Margin," "Romance of the Three Kingdoms," "Sui and Tang Dynasty," "Journey to the West" and other masterpieces of secular culture. (Of course, I think Mr. Jiang's division seems to be valid only for traditional Chinese culture). Fourth, from the social function, it is divided into ritual culture, institutional culture, dress culture, campus culture, enterprise culture. Fifth, from the internal logic level of culture, it can be divided into four levels: physical culture, mental culture, behavioral culture and institutional culture. Sixth, from the economic form, there is a hunting culture, fishing and salt culture, agricultural culture, industrial culture, commercial culture. There are also people in which to engage in coloring, yellow culture, blue culture and so on.

Other divisions

Besides, there are also more playful divisions, such as Mr. Zhang Yuanshan, in his cultural essay "Five Thousand Years Up and Down," divides culture into the mind culture, chest culture, abdominal culture, and the lower half of the body culture. The lower body is further divided by him into two segments, as the crotch culture and the culture below the crotch. He said, taking the middle of Tang Dynasty (An Shi Rebellion) as the boundary, before that is the upper half of Chinese culture, and after that is the lower half of Chinese culture. To break it down, from Yao to Zhou, i.e., 3,000 years B.C. to the birth of Confucius in 552 B.C., about 2,500 years, is the prehistoric period of Chinese culture, which is still mindless. Before and after the birth of Confucius, during the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period, China entered the era of mind culture. Qin Shihuang in the unification, centralization plus autocracy, chest beating, China entered the era of chest. The Han Dynasty patted even louder, patting the Xiongnu soldiers are shivering. The stone pig and stone horse in Huo Zaiwei's tomb off, at a glance, you can tell that it was carved by the most clueless people. The most mindless Sima Qian was castrated in his lower body by the most mindless Emperor Wu. It was also this brainless Emperor Wu who declared the sole respect for Confucianism, leading to the fact that most of China's intellectuals of the past 2,000 years have become brainless. In short, Mr. Zhang so divided, divided very playful, the reason why to give you so much nagging, just want to give you a little inspiration, students if interested, may wish to create a division to.

Cultural characteristics

1, passed down from generation to generation. China's traditional culture has been interrupted during certain short historical periods, and changed more or less in different historical periods, but it has not been interrupted by and large, and has not changed much in general. 2, National Characteristics. China's traditional culture is unique to China and different from other national cultures in the world. 3, Long history. There are five thousand years of history. 4, broad and profound. The word "extensive" refers to the breadth of traditional Chinese culture --- colorful, and the word "profound" refers to the depth of traditional Chinese culture --- unfathomable.

The Hundred Schools of Thought

★Traditional Overview★: benevolence, righteousness, courtesy, wisdom, faith, loyalty, filial piety, fraternal duty, modesty, forgiveness, courage, and letting go; qin, chess, calligraphy and painting, the three religions and nine streams, the three hundred and sixty trades, the four great inventions, the folk taboos, the loyalty to the country, the bamboo, the ballad, the loess, the Yangtze River, the Yellow River, the red, the moon ... ★Agricultural Culture★: Farmers, Peasants' Revolt, Hoes. ★Palace and Government ★: Palace Culture, Imperialism. ★The Hundred Schools of Thought★: Confucianism (Confucius, The Analects of Confucius, Mencius, Mencius, Xunzi ; benevolence, righteousness, propriety, wisdom, and faith; the middle way) Taoism (Laozi, Zhuangzi; morality, inaction, and impunity) Mohism (Mozi, Mozi, Concurrent Love) Legalism (Han Fei, Li Si, Hanfei Zi) Famous Schools (Deng Analytics, Huishi, The Gongsun Dragon Tzu) Yin-Yang Schools (Zou Yan, The Five Elements, Metal, Wood, Fire, Water, and Earth) Longitudinal Schools (Gigu Zi Su Qin, Zhang Yi, "Strategies of the Warring States") Miscellaneous (Lu Buwei) Agricultural (Lu Shi Chun Qiu) Novelist Soldier Medical

Art

★Qin★★: sheng, flute, erhu, guzheng, xiao, drums, guqin, pipa. Jasmine Flower", ten traditional culture of shadow

Masterpieces ("High Mountains and Flowing Water", "Guangling San", "Pingsha Falling Geese", "Plum Blossoms Three Fans", "Ambush on Ten Sides", "Sunset xiaojiao Drums", "Fisherman and Woodcutter Q & A", "Eighteen Beats of Hu Jia", "Autumn and Moon at the Han Palace", "Yangchun Baixue") ★Chess ★: Chinese Xiangqi, Chinese Go, the game, the chess, the chess board. ★Books★: Chinese calligraphy, seal cutting seals, the four treasures (brush, ink, ink stone, rice paper), woodblock watermarks, oracle bone inscriptions, bell and tripod inscriptions, bamboo slips of the Han Dynasty, and vertical wire-bound books. ★Painting★: Chinese paintings, landscape paintings and freehand paintings; Dunhuang frescoes; Bajun drawings, Taiji drawings (Taiji).

Tradition

★Zodiac★: Rat, Ox, Tiger, Rabbit, Dragon, Snake, Horse, Sheep, Monkey, Rooster, Dog, Pig. ★Traditional Literature★: Tang Poetry, Song Lyrics, Yuan Opera, Ming and Qing Dynasty Novels, Songs, Fugues, The Book of Psalms , The Thirty-Six Stratagems, The Art of War, The Four Great Masterpieces. ★Traditional Festivals★: Lantern Festival, Cold Food Festival, Qingming Festival (ancestor worship), Dragon Boat Festival (zongzi, dragon boat races, Qu Yuan), Mid-Autumn Festival, Chung Yeung Festival (honoring the elderly), Lunar New Year's Day (New Year's Eve, red packets, New Year's Eve, and Spring Festival (first day of the month, New Year's Day, and New Year's Day) are representative of the festival. ★Chinese Drama★: Kunqu, Xiangqu, Cantonese Opera, Hui Opera, Han Opera, Peking Opera, Shadow Play, Yue Opera, Sichuan Opera, Huangmei Opera; Kunqu Face Painting, Xiangqu Opera Face Painting, Sichuan Opera Face Painting, Peking Opera Face Painting. ★Chinese Architecture★: The Great Wall, pagodas, gardens, temples, bells, pagodas, temples, pavilions, wells, stone lions, homes, Qin bricks, Han tiles, terracotta warriors. ★Chinese Characters and Chinese Language ★: Chinese characters, Chinese language, couplets, riddles (lantern riddles), hiatus, familiar phrases, idioms, shooting over, wine orders, etc.... ★Traditional Chinese Medicine★: Traditional Chinese Medicine, Traditional Chinese Medicine, Huangdi Neijing, Typhoid Miscellany, Materia Medica. ★Religious Philosophy★: Buddhism, Taoism, Confucianism, Yin and Yang, Five Elements, Compass, Bagua, Sinan, Fabulous, Fortune-telling, Zen, Buddhism, Goddess of Mercy, Taishang Laojun; Burning Incense, Worshiping Buddha, Candles.

Folk

★Folk Crafts★: paper-cutting, kites, Chinese embroidery (embroidery, etc.), Chinese knots, clay figures, face molding, traditional culture of clothing

Dragon and phoenix patterns (Taotie, Ruyi, Lei, Hui, Ba), auspicious cloud motifs, phoenix eyes, thousand-layer base, eaves, vulture. ★Chinese martial arts ★: South Fist and North Leg, Shaolin Wudang, internal and external, Taiji Bagua ★Regional culture ★: Central Plains culture, Jiangnan culture, Jiangnan water towns, Sebei Lingnan, desert style, Mongolian grasslands, the end of the world, the Central Plains. ★Folkways and Folk Customs★: Rituals, Marriage (Red Queen, Moon Maiden), Funeral (Filial Piety Clothes, Paper Money), Sacrifice (Ancestors); Door Gods, New Year's Paintings, Firecrackers, Dumplings, Lion Dance. ★Clothing and Costumes★: Hanfu, deep clothes, 襦裙, Tang clothes (pan-collar robes), Tang scarf (turban), straightjacket (Taoist robes), slippers, clouded crawlers, thousand-layer soles, embroidered shoes, old tiger's head shoes, Viqi, Russian clothes, Hakkasu, Beijing clothes, Korean clothes, Tibetan clothes, Miao clothes, silver ornaments (Miao), cheongsam (Manchu), Mongolian robes, belly-bibs (Manchu), cocked hats, crowns of the emperors and the empresses, and silks.

Other

★The Four Elegant Plays★: Birds, Flowers, Insects and Fish, Peony, Plum Blossom, Osmanthus, Lotus, Birdcage, Bonsai, Fighting Cricket, Carp; ★Animals and Plants★: Dragon, Phoenix, Wolf, Unicorn, Tiger, Leopard, Crane, Turtle, Giant Panda... ; Plum, Orchid, Bamboo, and Chrysanthemum: Plum, Orchid, Bamboo, Chrysanthemum. Pine, Cypress. ★Wares on the go★: Jade (jade pendant, jade carving...) Porcelain, cloisonné, Chinese lacquerware, colored pottery, purple clay pots, wax dyeing, ancient weapons (armor, swords, swords, etc.), bronze, antiques (coins, etc.), tripods, golden treasures, Ruyi, candlesticks, red lanterns (palace lanterns, gauze lanterns), yellow carriages, snuff bottles, birdcages, longevity locks, sugar gourds, bronze mirrors, sedan chairs, hookahs, snuff bottles, plantain fans, peach blossom fans, and foot-wraps. ★Diet and Cookery★: Seven Things to Do: Chai, Rice, Oil, Salt, Sauce, Vinegar, Tea; Wine, Tea Ceremony; Eating Culture, Chinese Cuisine, Eight Cuisines (Lu, Chuan, 粤, 闽, 苏, Zhe, Xiang, Hui), Dumplings, Reunion Meal, New Year's Eve Meal, Rice Cake, Mid-Autumn Cake, Chopsticks; Shark's Fin, Bear's Paw... ★Legend Myths★: Nuwa mending the sky, Pangu opening heaven and earth, Houyi shooting the sun, Chang'e flying to the sky, Kuafu chasing the sun --- ★Gods, Demons, Ghosts and Monsters★: Immortals, Demons, Ghosts and Goblins, Underworld; the Jade Emperor, King of Yanluo, the Black and White Irregulars, Memphis, and the Bridge of Naiho ---