A summary of Longman English common root dictionary

This dictionary contains Latin and Greek roots in alphabetical order, which is very important for expanding English vocabulary. The editor hopes that English learners should also recognize the importance of roots when learning them and take them as a way to expand and consolidate their vocabulary. This dictionary does not list all Latin and Greek roots, but only those which are widely used in English writing and conversation. It should also be noted that some roots listed in this dictionary should be prefixes or word-building components; But because of its wide use, it is also listed with roots and their derivatives. The purpose of this dictionary is not to replace contemporary popular dictionaries, but to inspire readers and enhance their understanding of the history and development of English word formation. Each root listed in this dictionary includes the following parts: 1) derivatives arranged in English alphabetical order; 2) Pronunciation annotation of each derivative. Before K.K. phonetic symbol, after IPA phonetic symbol; 3) The part of speech of each derivative; 4) etymological explanation of the entry (prefix and root); 5) Give examples to illustrate the usage of derivative words. The derivatives involved in the sentence are printed in bold. The appendix after the dictionary text lists the prefixes and suffixes for reference. These affixes are learned by English learners. In addition, it also includes Latin abbreviations and phrases, which are familiar to readers, especially in written English. The dictionary also includes a list of common English plural nouns consisting of Latin or Greek plural suffixes. Development of English Language Contemporary English is a mixed language formed under the influence of Indo-European language family. Among them, ancient Greek and Roman Latin played the most significant role in its development. However, the interpretation of any language is inseparable from the history of social thought, morality, race, philosophy, economy and politics. Therefore, the history of English language must focus on the ancient Greek and Roman times, mainly the emerging countries in the Mediterranean coastal areas and the European continent. It is generally believed that western literature and history with written records originated from Homer's epics Iliad and Odyssey and were written in the 8th century BC. These two epics have both imaginative elements and historical stories, telling thrilling stories about the Trojan War around BC 1250. These stories come from oral legends and are closely related to early philosophy and educational thoughts. Socrates, Plato, Aristotle and Stoic scholars, the founders of western philosophy, are also the founders of rhetoric, logic and linguistics. In addition, phonetics, grammar and etymology are also nurtured in their theories. The history of language development was once regarded as science, and the word "etymology" means to construct and study words from the perspective of language development. By the 2nd century BC, Roman Latin, which was widely used in the Mediterranean, greatly accelerated the development of the language. On the basis of predecessors' understanding and exploration, scholars continue to study the development and evolution of daily vocabulary. Their work lasted for hundreds of years until the Middle Ages, which laid the foundation for word formation in Latin and Greek. This is considered to be the main condition for English communication. Today, more than 2500 years later, people who use English should still thank these tireless scholars, who have made great contributions to the development of this colorful and fascinating language. They are scientists and philosophers who speak and write. A map of language development will show that Latin is also the original language of several languages still in use today: Spanish, Romanian, Provence, Portuguese, Italian, French and Catalan. Therefore, learning the roots of English words can not only enable students to master and expand their English vocabulary, but also enable them to understand the basic knowledge about other romantic languages.