What are the advantages and disadvantages of sprinkler irrigation system?

Besides drip irrigation, there is also sprinkler irrigation in the preparation of irrigation experiment. There are many types of sprinkler irrigation systems. According to the composition of equipment, sprinkler irrigation system can be divided into unit sprinkler irrigation system and pipeline sprinkler irrigation system. The advantages of sprinkler irrigation system include saving water, increasing production, saving labor, saving land and improving product quality. Disadvantages are high investment, sprinkler irrigation is greatly affected by wind and air humidity, and energy consumption is large. What are the specific types of sprinkler irrigation system? What are the advantages and disadvantages of sprinkler irrigation system? Please continue reading to find the answer! 1. What types of sprinkler irrigation systems are there?

Although there are many types of sprinkler irrigation systems, according to the composition of their equipment, sprinkler irrigation systems can be divided into two categories: unit sprinkler irrigation systems and pipeline sprinkler irrigation systems:

1, unit sprinkler system

Sprinkler is to assemble the relevant parts of sprinkler irrigation system into a whole and form a movable unit for operation. Generally, it is composed of one or more nozzles, water pumps and pipes installed on a walking tractor or a trackless tractor, and sprinkler irrigation is carried out with motor or diesel engine as power. The utility model has the advantages of compact structure, flexibility, high mechanical utilization rate, multi-purpose of one machine and low investment per unit irrigation area. Light and small sprinkler is a kind of sprinkler irrigation system widely used in rural areas of China, especially in areas with well-matched field channels or widely distributed water sources and many water intake points.

2. Pipeline sprinkler irrigation system

Pipeline sprinkler irrigation system refers to the sprinkler irrigation system with pipelines at all levels as the main body. According to the degree of activity, it can be divided into three types: fully fixed, fully active and semi-fixed.

2. What are the advantages and disadvantages of sprinkler irrigation system?

1, advantages of sprinkler irrigation system

(1) water saving

Sprinkler irrigation can control the amount of water sprayed and the uniformity of irrigation, and avoid surface runoff loss and deep leakage that are easy to occur during surface irrigation, so it can improve water utilization efficiency and save irrigation water.

(2) increase production

Sprinkler irrigation can irrigate crops lightly and frequently with a small irrigation quota, which is convenient for strictly controlling soil moisture and making it more suitable for crop growth. Sprinkler irrigation does not cause mechanical damage to topsoil, but can maintain soil aggregate structure, make soil loose and porous, have good ventilation conditions, promote nutrient decomposition and microbial activities, and improve soil fertility; Sprinkler irrigation can adjust the field microclimate, increase the near-surface temperature, cool down in summer, prevent frost in winter, wash the dust on the stems and leaves, and promote respiration and photosynthesis, thus creating a good living environment for crops, promoting crop growth and development, and achieving the purpose of increasing production.

(3) saving labor force

Sprinkler irrigation can achieve a high degree of mechanization and greatly improve production efficiency, especially the automatic sprinkler irrigation system can save a lot of labor. Sprinkler irrigation cancels the drainage ditch in the field, reduces the growth of weeds, and saves the work of repairing ditches and clearing weeds; Sprinkler irrigation can also be combined with chemical fertilizers and pesticides, and it can also save a lot of labor.

(4) Saving land

Irrigation pipes do not need irrigation ditches and ridges in the fields. Under normal circumstances, trunk, branch, bucket, agriculture and capillary account for about 10 ~ 15%. Compared with this, irrigation can increase cultivated land by 7 ~ 10%.

(5) improve product quality

Practice in many places in China has proved that sprinkler irrigation can not only increase production, but also improve product quality. Such as tea sprinkler irrigation, not only improve the yield, but also improve the grade. Sprinkling irrigation on fruit trees can greatly increase the proportion of primary and secondary fruits.

2. Disadvantages of sprinkler irrigation system

(1) Higher investment.

Compared with surface irrigation, the investment of sprinkler irrigation is higher. At present, semi-fixed sprinkler irrigation is generally 300 ~ 500 yuan per mu, of which about 500 ~ 800 yuan, excluding power transmission and labor miscellaneous fees. Fixed sprinkler irrigation is higher, some as high as 1000 yuan/mu.

(2) Sprinkler irrigation is greatly influenced by wind and air humidity.

When the wind speed is 5.5 ~ 7.9 m/s, that is, above the fourth grade wind, water droplets can be blown away, which greatly reduces irrigation uniformity and increases drift loss. When the air humidity is too low, the evaporation loss increases. According to the experiment of the Great Plains Research Center in Southwest Texas, the evaporation drift loss is less than 10% when the wind speed is less than 4.5m/s (third-class wind). When the wind speed increases to 9m/s, the loss reaches 30%.

(3) It consumes a lot of energy.

In order to make the sprinkler run and realize uniform irrigation, it is necessary to supply water with a certain pressure. In addition to the self-pressure sprinkler irrigation system, the sprinkler irrigation system needs to be pressurized and consumes a certain amount of energy.