What are the requirements and application difficulties of video surveillance in expressway?

ETC (Electronic Toll Collection System): It has been at least six or seven years since the concept of ETC was put forward, or even longer. Its technical reserves and relevant national standards are mature, and the judgment of equipment also has relevant standards, so ETC is in the stage of full roll-out. With the increase of traffic volume in expressway, ETC application is the general trend. The electronic toll collection system will be used in the future national electronic toll collection network system. The bayonet system (bayonet system combined with ETC and supporting HD bayonet system +ETC) has also been used in some sections.

The main equipment of ETC includes vehicle-mounted electronic tags and lane microwave antennas. The electronic tag is installed on the windshield of the vehicle and has the function of anti-disassembly. The microwave antenna is installed on the rack at the front end of the electronic toll lane of the toll station. When the vehicle enters the effective range of the microwave antenna in the toll lane, it will exchange information and read the vehicle information, and deduct the current vehicle toll from its stored value card. After the transaction is successful, the lane railing will be automatically lifted.

Interval speed measurement: "expressway Interval Speed Measurement System" uses detection equipment installed on expressway overpass or inverted L-pole, and adopts automatic license plate recognition technology to continuously collect and identify traffic information such as the number, passing time, vehicle close-ups, panoramic pictures, etc. of vehicles passing through two expressway sections, and judge whether the vehicle is speeding by calculating the passing time of two sections in the same direction of the same vehicle. At the same time, the data and picture information of illegal vehicles are sent to the nearby police station through the early warning system, and information is released on the display screen to inform illegal vehicles and warn more vehicles. All illegal vehicles and related pictures calculated by the system will be provided to the illegal processing system as illegal information sources for further follow-up. The interval speed measurement system mainly consists of four parts: front-end monitoring unit, communication transmission unit, violation information release screen system (optional) and background processing system. Xie, general manager of Shenzhen Ruike Digital Co., Ltd. explained: "In the past, it was a fixed-point snapshot. In the form of digital capture, velocity measurement can only capture this fixed point, but can not realize interval velocity measurement. Now, the license plate recognition system is used to realize the interval speed measurement between two points by calculating the time after two points, so as to realize the whole speed measurement. "

Event detection and analysis: expressway uses cameras to monitor the operation of road sections, so it is impossible for monitoring personnel to stare at the screen for a long time without interruption. If we rely on playback to find the recorded image taken by the camera, it will lead to the lag of event processing. Now we can use high-tech means to achieve the purpose of real-time analysis and processing of events. Using the original camera monitoring system in expressway, combined with the incident detection and analysis system, we can quickly analyze the abnormal situations such as retrograde vehicles, pedestrians crossing expressway, traffic jams, fires, scattered obstacles on the road, carts left in expressway and so on, and immediately report to the police or the system will automatically switch the video images of the scene to the monitoring room to ensure that the alarm is found and accurately located at the first time, and then the command center informs the police on duty and rescue vehicles in the service area, toll station or road to rush to the scene in time to eliminate traffic safety hazards.

The event detection and analysis system has developed the advanced technology of intelligent video. Due to the complexity of road conditions in expressway, the newly developed incident detection and analysis system has not achieved the desired results, mainly in the number of false alarms. For example, the normal lane change of vehicles may also lead to false positives. At the same time, the analysis of some real stories can't be done for the time being, so the intelligent video analysis and processing technology in expressway needs to be further improved. However, intelligent video analysis and processing technology is the application direction of expressway. The future event monitoring and analysis will be like the traffic police, and all illegal events can be correctly identified and reported to the police.

Night vision system: According to many expressway operation and management departments, expressway lacks effective night monitoring means. In the monitoring along the way, there is a blind spot (or paralysis) in the monitoring of ordinary cameras at night, and its monitoring effect can only see the vehicle lights, fuzzy images of vehicle driving and so on. It is difficult to monitor the driving state and license plate of the vehicle. Therefore, both the laser night vision system and the infrared night vision camera are helpful for night monitoring in expressway. Jiao Wei, manager of Tianjin Tiandi Ye Wei Digital Technology Co., Ltd. Transportation Industry Center, said: "The laser night vision system can make the night monitoring show the same effect as during the day. When the long-distance laser night vision system is applied to night monitoring, the distance can reach 500 meters, 1000 meters, 1500 meters, 2000 meters and 5000 meters. Expressway is no longer' dark' at night, and the system has night vision effect.

License plate recognition: License plate recognition is a computer device that can be directly recognized. The recognition results include all Chinese characters, letters, numbers, colors, license plate coordinates, license plate images and so on. Automatic identification means identifying first, and all passing vehicles can be identified and managed without the active participation of the identified vehicles. The application of automatic license plate recognition system in expressway plays an extremely important role in perfecting the toll collection system, eliminating loopholes in toll collection, reducing the labor intensity of toll collectors and improving the comprehensive management level and service level of toll collection.

Automatic identification is a kind of vehicle automatic identification technology, which includes three parts: positioning technology, such as GPS and GPRS contactless identification technology, such as RFID electronic tag; Then there is automatic identification technology.

The demand for networking is urgent: With the continuous improvement of user management requirements and means, the construction focus shifts to the safe and efficient operation of expressway. At present, expressway network has been formed in most provinces in China, and the influence of abnormal events in individual sections will be more and more extensive, which inevitably requires the coordination between adjacent sections, thus bringing the demand for networking.

Networking information mainly includes data and video. And it has gradually transitioned from simple network charging and network monitoring to network information management in expressway, which highlights the irreversible trend of network charging to network comprehensive information management.

Because of the intuitiveness and importance of video image monitoring, network monitoring is the inevitable trend of expressway monitoring. However, the current expressway video surveillance system is a hybrid system (analog video+digital video). Moreover, the front-end equipment and equipment brands of each road monitoring center are complex, and the data formats are diverse, which makes each road video monitoring system independent of each other, unable to give full play to the functions of traffic monitoring, such as route guidance, multi-channel traffic flow adjustment, networked scheduling, emergency response and timely unified scheduling, and even unable to give full play to the traffic capacity of expressway network. Therefore, provincial networked monitoring is particularly necessary and urgent.

Design is out of touch with demand: Many professional highway designers report that the installation of highway cameras is affected by many factors, such as light, morning and evening, day and season. At present, it is the biggest difficulty to integrate various factors to play the best role. In fact, expressway road monitoring often can't know in advance where the camera should be installed. It is usually after frequent accidents in a certain place that we know that there is a monitoring blind spot. Therefore, steep slopes, bends, tunnels and bridges in expressway are the key monitoring objects.

Full-range monitoring: It is not easy to realize full-range monitoring in expressway. In order to implement the whole monitoring scheme, it is necessary to set up perfect and reasonable outfield monitoring facilities, monitor the situation in expressway in real time and comprehensively, and find or detect the expressway incident in time; It is necessary to establish a sound and powerful central control system, collect data and information in time for analysis and processing, and quickly formulate a reasonable and specific monitoring plan; It is necessary to set up perfect information dissemination facilities, receive and display information instructions issued by the central control system, guide and induce traffic flow, and reduce the occurrence of secondary accidents caused by human factors.

At present, there is no mature whole-process monitoring system scheme in the industry. At the same time, high cost is also an important factor restricting the development of whole-process monitoring. At present, it is more common to monitor the whole process of important sections. For example, expressway, the eastern part of Hainan Province, once known as the "road to death", adopted the whole process monitoring system, and * * installed 1 1 bayonet device, 18 speed measuring device and 22 TV monitoring devices in expressway in the east, with an average of one per 10 km, thus achieving seamless coverage in expressway in the east. From Dongguan, expressway to Guangzhou, Guangzhou-Shenzhen has formed a whole monitoring and management system consisting of 165 CCTV monitoring points, 82 sets of traffic flow detection equipment, 6 sets of interval speed measuring systems, 15 sets of event detectors and 40 variable information boards, with an "electronic eye" every 0.75km on average.

Hardware protection: As we all know, many expressway devices are exposed to outdoor (or outdoor) work, and the environment is harsh and unprotected, so damage will be more common. Wang Xinhua, deputy manager of the marketing department of Guangdong Xinyue Transportation Investment Co., Ltd. pointed out: "The cameras in expressway are struck by lightning many times, and even if lightning protection facilities are installed, they are easily damaged. Therefore, it is necessary to find someone to check, and the camera in the outfield is installed relatively high, which is difficult to check. "

Interconnection: Song Xiaodong, the electromechanical management department of Guangdong West Coast expressway Operation Co., Ltd. believes that expressway linkage includes internal linkage and external linkage (such as linkage with public security departments), which can be realized through network software platform. Take Guangdong Province as an example. At present, the relevant information of expressway in Guangdong Province can't be fully linked, but only partially linked. As for inter-provincial linkage, it is not possible yet, but it is indeed the general direction of future development.

Device interfaces cannot be unified. The equipment is developing towards digitalization, but now the existing equipment can not realize unified interface. Nowadays, many devices need to be converted from analog state to digital state, so many conversion interface devices are needed, which is a problem that cannot be realized for the time being.

Software problem: At present, the security hardware in expressway tends to be mature, and what needs to be paid attention to is the construction of integrated software. The key is how to realize software integration, including network technology, software technology and integration technology. Software applications, such as interval speed measurement, license plate recognition and comprehensive use, all need powerful software to support, so the improvement and perfection of the software is relatively large.

Expressway is very important for image management. In the past, it was used for monitoring, charging people to see images, and the staff was labor-intensive and needed a lot of memory. If expressway's intelligent monitoring software is well done, it can be used to process and extract the problematic pictures and focus on monitoring the problematic pictures. At the same time, normal pictures are filtered out through software analysis, and only problematic pictures are stored, so that the storage equipment and storage space are optimized.

In fact, data management in expressway is often greater than image management. Although image monitoring can be used to analyze relevant information, expressway data needs to be analyzed all the year round, and the deep mining of data function puts forward higher requirements for expressway software. Now many operators in expressway are concerned about the security of network charges and how to delimit different road sections, which also needs powerful software to support.

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