The most basic characteristics of juvenile delinquency are

Since 1980s, the crime rate in China has been rising and the crime phenomenon has become increasingly serious. The deterioration of social security has become one of the most dissatisfied social hot issues among the broad masses of the people. In the increasingly serious crime, teenagers have become the main members of the crime, accounting for about 70%-80% of the whole crime subject. Among them, the trend of juvenile delinquency is more and more obvious, especially juvenile delinquency. In recent years, juvenile delinquency in China presents the following situation. (1) Crime is increasing. Relevant data show that the proportion of minors involved in criminal cases has doubled from 1.986 to 1.995. Cases of minors violating the administration of social security occur from time to time, which not only disturbs social order, but also brings misfortune to minors themselves and their families and becomes a factor affecting social stability. According to statistics, the number of juvenile offenders in China was 1 12063 in 1985 and rose to152755 in 1995; At the same time, the proportion of juvenile delinquency in China is higher than that of the total population. ① Minors accounted for 15% of juvenile criminal offences sentenced by courts at all levels in China, which was 13.79 percentage points higher than 1987. Especially in recent years, the rising trend of juvenile delinquency has become a serious social problem. (2) Illegal crimes show a trend of youthfulness. Since the 1990s, the initial age of juvenile delinquency has shown a trend of younger age, which has great potential social harm. The young age of crime is an obvious feature in recent years. According to statistics, since the 1990s, the initial age of juvenile delinquency has been 2-3 years earlier than that in the 1970s. Some children started their criminal career when they were seven or eight years old, and the number of crimes committed by minors under 14 increased. ③ Among them, juvenile delinquency in the age group of 14- 16 is more prominent and tends to be younger. According to the statistics of juvenile delinquency in Shanghai, juvenile delinquency at the age of 14- 16 accounts for 64.2% of juvenile delinquency, especially 14 children who have just reached the age of criminal responsibility account for 1%. If the offense is minor, or if they are too young to be punished as a crime, the starting age of the crime is even younger. Some people began to have bad deeds at the age of 1 1, 12, and some people engaged in criminal activities at the age of 13, 14, and even participated in serious and extraordinarily serious criminal activities. It is reported that middle school students have appeared among the peripheral members of criminal gangs in China. In addition, student crimes are also increasing. Some students play truant, drop out of school, run away from home, and live by stealing and robbing after wandering into society. For example, in the arson case of "Blue Speed Internet Cafe" pronounced in Beijing in August 2002, the defendant retaliated because of dissatisfaction with the waiters in the Internet Cafe, endangering public safety by arson, resulting in 25 deaths, many injuries and heavy losses to public and private property. All three defendants are minors. In addition, one person involved in arson is under the age of 14. According to the statistics of the public security department, the number of students committing crimes in criminal cases in China rose from13149 in 1984 to184863 in 1993. (4)1995, in Hebei province, 2,235 criminals under 16 were arrested, an increase of nearly 50% compared with 199 1, while the number of crimes committed by primary school students increased by 78.5%. ⑤ This change should be highly valued by the society. (3) The types of crimes are increasing. The types of juvenile delinquency are diversified. The cause of action involved is no longer two or three in the past, and the scope of the cause of action has expanded to nine. Among them, crimes against property account for about 80% of all juvenile crimes, mainly theft, especially gang theft; Juvenile property crimes are mainly related to the increase of material needs and the development of self-awareness. In addition, high consumption, advanced consumption, material comparison and other social ethos also contributed to minor property crimes. According to the investigation on the data of criminal suspects arrested in a city from 2002 1 to 2002 1, the number of thieves among all 6 1 people aged from 14 to 18 is 28, accounting for 45.9% of the total; There were 23 robberies, accounting for 37.7% of the total. Lu, a student, used to get good grades, but since he was addicted to video games, he attended classes for no more than ten days in one semester and played games in the game room all day. Later, in order to pay for the sports meeting, he even stole more than 20 thousand yuan from his classmates' home. In the Book of Repentance, he wrote sadly: The first time I played video games, I was fascinated by the rhythm, plot and color in its virtual world. Since then, I have been unwilling to attend classes and spent my money and time on games. Gradually, I fell into it and couldn't extricate myself. In order to get money for playing games, I extended my sinful hand to my classmates. Finally, when the cold handcuffs handcuffed my hands, my whole world sank and everything solidified into two words "GAMEOVER" (4) There are many gang crimes. Because minors are physically and mentally immature and have poor independence, they like to play in groups. If you mix with people who have bad behavior or criminal behavior, you will be easily infected and form a criminal gang. Gang members are generally irregular and loose, and always commit the same crime. These people encourage each other and try to be brave when committing crimes, and their harm often escalates in the process of committing crimes. As a legal worker said, when a juvenile commits a crime, one person is as timid as a mouse, two people are as brave as an ox, and three people are lawless. In April 2000, the People's Procuratorate of Xinhua District of a city approved the arrest of eight juvenile criminal suspects headed by Wang, which destroyed this crazy robbery and theft gang in one fell swoop and aroused strong repercussions in society. The oldest criminal gang is 18 years old and the youngest is only 15 years old. Since1June, 1996, they have held up taxis with knives for many times, stole motorcycles crazily, and sometimes committed crimes many times in a week, which has caused great harm to society. (5) Sudden crime is a critical period of a person's life from naivety to maturity. During this period, their mentality is unstable, their self-control is poor, and they are easily influenced and tempted by the external environment. Many times their crimes are not necessarily premeditated and planned, but often impulsive, impulsive and reckless. For example:1999122, criminal 14-year-old Tan Xiao had an argument because he refused to accept the management of our class monitor Xiao Qiang, and then he knocked Xiao Qiang to the ground, then cut his neck with a knife, and blood gushed out. At this time, Xiao Qiang made a terrible phone call: "Give me a break, I won't tell anyone." However, the sad tears and blood drops did not awaken Tan Xiao's conscience. He put one hand over Xiao Qiang's mouth, and the other hand held a knife against Xiao Qiang's neck ... until Xiao Qiang was beaten to death. (VI) Mainly violent crimes In recent years, among juvenile crimes, violent homicide, robbery, injury and other crimes are on the rise. From the analysis of 170 cases concluded by the juvenile court of a court since 2000, there are 29 cases of injury, accounting for 17. 1%, and 62 cases of robbery, accounting for 36.5%. Violent crimes pose a serious threat to people's lives and property. In a city from June 5438+0 to February 65438+2, 2002, violent cases involving minors, such as intentional homicide, intentional injury and rape, accounted for 14.8% of the total number of juvenile criminal cases, while the first three types of cases only accounted for 9.2% of the total last year, with an increasing trend year by year, and illegal and criminal means were cruel. For example, at 9 o'clock in the morning of August 17, 2000, a certain city fan (14 years old) grabbed (12 years old) with both hands in a hotel in the city and tied his neck with a TV cable, causing death. (7) The number of "passionate crimes" has increased, and the proportion of "passionate crimes" has increased. Arrogant and willful, brave and capable, impulsive. Some teenagers will kill and hurt people because of some trivial things. For example, in order to buy a movie ticket, Yang had a dispute with Cheng. Yang was dissatisfied and ran home to take out the murder weapon and stabbed Cheng, who was going home. Like this, there is no clear criminal premeditation, and the criminal motive and ratio are rising. The object of crime is a frenzied "passion crime" under certain external conditions, which accounts for a considerable part of juvenile crimes. (8) The rate of teenagers imitating underworld crimes is increasing year by year, the means of committing crimes are gradually escalating, and the harmfulness of crimes is gradually increasing. The "underworld" of teenagers has begun to take shape. With the growth of age, this kind of juvenile criminal gang can easily develop into a triad force. Juvenile delinquency has become an international social problem, and it is a big difficulty for teenagers to imitate underworld crimes. Teenagers who imitate underworld criminals are mainly crime-prone groups. Most of these teenagers are at the forefront and edge of illegal crimes when they were students, or they have committed illegal crimes at all, belonging to the youth group with frequent crimes. These teenagers who imitate the underworld have a relatively fixed life circle, social circle and gang formation under the influence of each other. These people love leisure and hate work, pay attention to enjoyment, often go in and out of entertainment places, have extremely weak legal concept, and have serious friendship with friends. However, in terms of criminal means, it is backed by force, which is subjective and vicious, brutal and open. Teenagers who imitate underworld crimes often resort to violent means to solve disputes, rarely consider the consequences, and the means are brutal and cruel. For example, when the public security organ of a county in Henan Province was rectifying the public order of a factory's children's school, it found that there were seven student gangs, including the so-called "Big Sword Gang", "Qinglong Gang", "Spider Gang" and "Little Qinglong Gang", which were composed of "double poor students" and involved 1 person, including 5 1 person of primary school students, specializing in.