Can you make money by collecting calligraphy and painting now?

Prosperous collection is the way to make money, which has a lot to do with politics and economy. According to the current market, it is still good. In the future, more and more people's creativity will decline, calligraphy and painting will be particularly rare, and rare things will create value. It's still very promising. Here are some references:

3 price evaluation

Green landscape map of Zhang Hong in Ming Dynasty

Art collectors and investors also need to know how to evaluate the price of paintings and calligraphy. Because only when you know how to evaluate the price of calligraphy and painting, you won't spend money when you collect things. The price of painting and calligraphy is generally determined by the following factors:

1. The artistic level of painting and calligraphy. For example, Shi Tao's paintings and calligraphy with high artistic level are much more expensive than paintings and calligraphy, several times to hundreds of times higher. However, Wang Xuetao's fine paintings and calligraphy may be more expensive than Qi Baishi's.

2. Whether calligraphy and painting are rare. The less works of high-level painting and calligraphy artists are handed down from generation to generation, the more expensive they are. The so-called "gold is priceless" is the truth.

3. The social state of calligraphy and painting. Calligraphy and painting are expensive in prosperous times, but cheap in poor times. Collectors charge much more when the comprehensive state is good than when the comprehensive state is not good.

4. The artistic value and historical value of calligraphy and painting itself are not limited by scale. Now there is a saying in society that large-scale calligraphy and painting are valuable. This argument is absurd. Buying calligraphy and painting is not buying cabbage and radish, just pick a big one. Good calligraphy and painting are not necessarily large-scale, like the fan scale in the Song Dynasty, but the artistic level is extremely high. The paintings of foreign artists such as Leonardo da Vinci are also very small. The Mona Lisa is only 77 cm× 53 cm in size, and it is the most expensive oil painting in the world today. Some anonymous ancient paintings and calligraphy works also have high artistic and historical values and are worth collecting.

Four skills

Songfan noodles

In the long run, with the development of China's economy and the increasing strength of domestic art collections, the status and value of China's calligraphy and painting will be immeasurable. In addition to the appreciation of the collection, it will also be used as an investment method to preserve and increase the value. There are similarities and differences between calligraphy and painting collection and many investments. The key is to master the five basic skills of collecting calligraphy and painting.

Don't invest beyond your ability, do what you can. Especially in the initial stage, it is advisable to be cautious. The number of paintings and calligraphy sold in the auction market ranges from tens of thousands to hundreds of thousands and millions. Beginners should pay attention to the works of medium-sized famous artists, which are often low in price but good in quality.

Don't buy controversial works. Because there are many fakes in the calligraphy and painting market, if you are not careful, you will not only lose money, but also dampen your personal spirit and your courage. Don't be careless If you are not sure about the technology at the time of purchase, you can ask an expert to identify it.

Songfan noodles

Don't attack from all sides, collect widely. We should choose a genre, a certain period, a certain theme, a certain school of painting, or even a painter's works, concentrate on understanding the market of a certain type or a painter's works, master its artistic characteristics, and grasp it, so as to win the competition. If you want to study extensively, you must have profound qualifications and strong economic strength to achieve your goals. Pay attention to collect all kinds of relevant materials for systematic understanding and research, such as calligraphy and painting newspapers, art investment articles and books, auction catalogues, auction price lists, etc. Only by collecting and analyzing information extensively can the return on investment be guaranteed. Seize the opportunity to sell. Selling art is a follow-up effort of art investment. Only sales can make a profit. When transferring, we should consider market conditions, market trends and our own capital turnover.

Five taboos

Ceng Gong's Executive Position in the Northern Song Dynasty

There are many kinds of paper cultural relics, mainly books, calligraphy and painting, contracts, paper money, scrolls and so on. Calligraphy and painting collection is becoming more and more popular, not only for appreciation, but as a way of investment.

There are five taboos in collecting calligraphy and painting.

First, avoid pollution, such as oil stains, sweat stains, tea stains, dust and so on. Dust tends to adsorb acidic substances and mold spores, which makes the paper acidified and moldy.

Second, avoid mold, especially black, yellow, red, purple and other molds that produce color, and the mold spots produced are extremely difficult to remove.

Songfan noodles

Third, insects, such as octopus and tobacco beetles, can often corrode calligraphy and painting.

Fourth, avoid light. Generally, light sources contain ultraviolet rays, which will make paper yellow and brittle.

Fifth, avoid moisture, paper is easy to absorb moisture, and paper is easy to mildew and rot after absorbing water. In addition to being easily eaten by insects, man-made destruction is also one of the main reasons: fire, war and other destruction make many precious ancient books, ancient calligraphy and paintings and ancient documents lose.

Generally speaking, the protection of paper cultural relics is very difficult, and improper collection will damage the appearance of the collection. The ancients used letter covers to collect books and refined picture frames to collect calligraphy and painting. The materials for making picture frames should be carefully selected to prevent oily substances in wood from polluting the paper. Ancient wooden picture frames are not only made of exquisite materials (commonly used camphor wood), but also made of multi-layer materials. The outer layer is camphor wood, the middle is nanmu, and the innermost layer is fine silk. The picture is wrapped in a cloth cover.

No matter how clean your hands are, they also contain grease, sweat stains, dust, mold and other pollutants. Wear gloves when holding paintings and calligraphy. When watching, people should keep a distance of about 1.5 meters from the painting and calligraphy, so as to avoid splashing saliva on the painting and calligraphy when talking. Cool autumn; You can take out the collected paintings and calligraphy, dust them off and let the absorbed water evaporate. Modern furniture materials contain a lot of formaldehyde gas, which is not only toxic to human body, but also harmful to calligraphy and painting, so modern cabinets are not suitable for storing precious paper cultural relics. The rainy season in the south, with high humidity and high temperature in the air, is the season of high incidence of insects and molds. At this time, special desiccants and insect and mildew inhibitors should be used to prevent moisture and inhibit the growth of insects and molds.

The traditional paper-making method in China is manual process, and the main technological processes are: crushing, retting, evaporation, pulping, paper-making and drying of plant raw materials. Traditional papermaking methods do not need chemical additives, while modern papermaking is a large-scale machine production. The produced paper has been treated with several or even dozens of papermaking chemical additives, which has brought many side effects, making it difficult to preserve the paper for a long time. Ancient paper pays attention to materials, makes fine products, and basically does not add chemical additives, so the above two kinds of hazards are less. In modern paper cultural relics, the above two hazards are more prominent. (Huang Chuan)

6 the road of experts

Collectors must have their own opinions, grasp themselves well, and don't follow the trend, otherwise they will find themselves cheated after such speculation.

Little Zhao Rui's shadow map

Buy those things back. Therefore, as a collector, it is very dangerous if you are not a connoisseur at the same time. Because you don't know how to appreciate, you have to listen to others, and you will blindly follow suit; When you buy something, others don't pay. He misunderstood that the loss was yours. Besides, it's really good that you have collected so many works. As long as you study, study and exchange experiences with others, you can become an expert. Appreciation is not metaphysics. Appreciation means studying and comparing, comparing the truth with the truth, and finding out the creative style of painters and painters and the laws of different faces in different periods. Compare true and false, and find out the truth of judging true and false. Find out the law of fraud by confusing the fake with the real. There is also a unique condition to develop from a collector to an appraiser, that is, you have a collection, and the collection is an important appraisal material. Real collectors of calligraphy and painting should form their own aesthetics through continuous study and observation.

7 elements of appearance

Yuan Nizan's Map of Fishing Village in Qiu Ji

The art of calligraphy and painting must first have "bone strength", that is, the author inherits the performance level of China's traditional calligraphy.

The second is to appreciate the writing skills and whether the brush strokes are used properly, which is the "posture" of a work. Third, examine the author's artistic accomplishment. That is, the author's re-creation in inheriting the tradition and publicizing the author's unique personality should be the "soul" of a work.

Mo Hua Shu by Xu Wei in Ming Dynasty

The fourth depends on the composition and layout of the work, that is, "momentum." It is mainly about whether the line spacing and spacing of words are appropriate and whether the layout is patchy. Finally, it depends on whether there are "hard injuries" in the work. For example, typos, missing words and simplified words are not standardized, and whether the written content is missing some chapters or incomplete.

Three mirrors reflect the pros and cons of calligraphy from the traditional aspect: to evaluate the pros and cons of a painting and calligraphy work, we must first look at the author displayed in this work.

Calligraphy works

Grasp the excellent ancient calligraphy works as a whole. In other words, it depends on how much effort the author has put into plagiarism. If we abandon this historical tradition, we can't call it calligraphy. At the same time, it depends on whether the content of the whole work is elegant, reflecting the author's understanding and mastery of traditional cultural and artistic works, as well as his own artistic accomplishment and cultural accomplishment. Only the organic combination of the two can make the work have a realm and give the audience a strong artistic appeal. Under the cultural background of traditional high-tech style, the whole work re-evaluates whether the author's artistic creativity, that is, personality, is fully displayed in the work. Art with tradition but no individuality is pseudo art, and it is the art of artisans. And it can't bring sensory stimulation and shock to the viewer, so it's not art.

Fan painting

Surgery. It can also be said that these three aspects are three mirrors and three heights to test a person's calligraphy level.

Do Tibetan calligraphy and painting have to be able to write and draw? The answer is, not really.

Whether you like ancient calligraphy and painting or collect modern calligraphy and painting, you can't do without corresponding knowledge. China has a civilization history of 5,000 years, so it is necessary to read some art history before getting started, which is of great help to appreciate the pros and cons and identify the authenticity.

"The level of appreciation needs to be gradually cultivated. Only by watching more and learning more can we slowly taste the mystery. For example, if you often write brush strokes, you will have a deeper understanding of the possible effects of the strokes in the center. " Song Weiguo said that this doesn't mean that you can't draw and write, so you can't get an introduction to painting and calligraphy appreciation. As long as you usually appreciate excellent calligraphy and painting works, carefully appreciate and grasp the characteristics of works in layout, brushwork, color, and even signature and seal, you can also become an "expert."

Eight basic principles

Chen's view of waterfalls

The basic principle of identifying fakes in calligraphy and painting is "contrast and comparison", that is, as the saying goes, "only comparison can identify". The main basis of comparison is the confirmed "standard" and "frame of reference". In the face of a painting and calligraphy work, how to distinguish authenticity? The appraiser can only make a judgment after fully comparing and analyzing the works with the "standard instrument" and "reference system" he has mastered. The so-called "standardizer" is the pattern that best represents the painter's personal pen and ink characteristics. It is a highly generalized, comprehensive, refined and sublimated personal style of the painter's works. It is an abstract and vivid image mode, which is both fixed and vivid. The frame of reference includes other foundations, such as materials, contents, inscriptions, seals, mounting, etc. , as well as the typical fake illustrations of past dynasties, which more embodies the characteristics of the author's time and the forgery of some painters' works. Only by organically combining personal style with the characteristics of the times can we draw a correct conclusion. The formation and establishment of standards and reference systems in the eyes of appraisers requires long-term practice, study and accumulation. If you want to be an appraiser without a standard or a frame of reference in your mind, the consequences can be imagined. In my opinion, the first thing to distinguish between calligraphy and painting is to emphasize "recognizing the truth and distinguishing the fake", which is to establish the original standard, and the first condition to distinguish the fake is to be familiar with the original. Secondly, we should emphasize "knowing the fake and knowing the fake". "Knowing the fake" is to clarify the frame of reference of the fake, and to know the real thing, you must also know the situation of the fake. Only by comparing with each other and repeatedly experiencing can we gradually become an expert.

At present, the calligraphy and painting art market is the most prosperous period in history, and it is also the most rampant period of counterfeiting. Imitations of calligraphy and painting have existed since ancient times, but purely for profit, unscrupulous, large and complete fraud should belong to today. This is undoubtedly the invisible killer of the art market and the cancer of the collection cause. Some people dare not collect ancient paintings and calligraphy precisely because they are afraid of fakes, because they can't distinguish fakes and think ancient paintings and calligraphy are mysterious. Actually, it's not. The forgery techniques of ancient calligraphy and painting are those that have been summarized. It can be comprehensively identified from the aspects of paper, ink, printing, mounting, characteristics of the times and personal style. Contemporary calligraphy and painting are even better at counterfeiting, using many scientific and technological means and modern technology. Some famous students and their families are fake, which is difficult to identify. Because of contemporary counterfeiting, characteristics of the times, paper, ink, printing, mounting and so on. Almost lost their reference significance. Only personal style and pen and ink characteristics can be used as the basis, but many famous characteristics are difficult to really master! Therefore, from the perspective of fraud, the danger of collecting contemporary famous paintings and calligraphy is greater than that of collecting ancient paintings and calligraphy. Some people are afraid of the discrimination of ancient calligraphy and painting, but they have no study and lack practical experience.

9 basic basis

Know the truth and lies

In calligraphy and painting, the lines of calligraphy and painting must be natural, smooth and varied, the composition structure must be surprisingly reasonable and far-reaching, the content should be full, the title should be vivid and the seal should be clear. The characteristics of the times and personal style are the most authentic and reliable, and they are the most important basis for identifying counterfeit paintings and calligraphy.

Due to many differences in economic development, cultural conditions, political system, customs, living standards and major historical events in different times, different times have formed a unique historical background and historical imprint. This historical background and imprint determine

Chichuan Migration Map of Yuan Dynasty

The overall framework of contemporary artistic creation also reflects the aesthetic orientation of most people at that time, which is a special symbol that is obviously different from other times. "Singing and dancing" and "Golden Goma Iron" in history; "War of Resistance against Japanese Aggression" and "Cultural Revolution" have completely different characteristics. Paper, silk and other important carriers of calligraphy and painting also store a lot of flavor of the times and are also one of the dates. In ancient China, silk was used for painting and calligraphy earlier than paper. At present, the earliest calligraphy and painting works are silk paintings in Han Dynasty. According to relevant records, raw silk was used before the Tang Dynasty, and cooked silk was used in the Tang Dynasty. It is made of half-cooked silk with hot water and then beaten with powder. The cooked silk of later generations is made of glue and alum, just like papermaking. The feature of silk screen in Song Dynasty is that both horizontal and vertical lines are monofilaments, and the horizontal line is slightly wider than the vertical line. In the Yuan Dynasty, silk became thinner and thinner. In the Ming dynasty, the thickness was uniform and the longitude and latitude were dense. In the Qing Dynasty, both horizontal and vertical lines became double lines. The width of silk also evolved with different dynasties. Silk appeared later than silk, and it existed in Song Dynasty. The use of silk reached its peak from the Ming Dynasty to the early Qing Dynasty, and it was rarely used after Yongzheng. China is the hometown of paper. Hemp paper was used before the Tang Dynasty, and bark paper appeared in the Tang Dynasty. This kind of paper is used in Han Han's "Five Cattle Map". Bamboo paper began to appear in the Northern Song Dynasty. During the Song and Yuan Dynasties, hemp paper was mostly used, but rice paper was seldom used. "Xuande Stationery" paper appeared before Emperor Xuande, and cloud stationery and gold stationery became popular after the middle of Ming Dynasty. Wax lettering prevailed from the mid-Qianlong period to Daoguang years. The same is true of modern paper, and there are differences between the paper made in the early days of the People's Republic of China, the Cultural Revolution and now. Painting and calligraphy mounting also has obvious characteristics of the times. There were many albums and scrolls in the Yuan Dynasty. The main hall, couplets and folding fans originated in the middle of Ming Dynasty. Others such as seals and inscriptions can also help dating. The application of seal in painting and calligraphy has a clear context. Before the Song Dynasty, there were few inscriptions and seals on calligraphy and painting works. When the seal was used in Song Dynasty, it was a watermark inkpad, but the observation has been dim so far. Later, honey printing appeared, but it did not last long. Mimeograph appeared in Ming Dynasty, and it has been used ever since. Some brands of inkpad also have their own characteristics, which can help identify them. The first paragraph in calligraphy and painting works first appeared in the Yuan Dynasty, but the letter was much earlier. The writing forms and titles of the preceding paragraph were different in Yuan, Ming and Qing Dynasties, and a large number of inscriptions and suffixes appeared after Yuan and Ming Dynasties. The content and identity of the inscription may play an important role in identifying the authenticity of calligraphy and painting. The so-called "orderly cycle" often comes from inscriptions, seals and some descriptions (such as shiqu Baodi and jiangcun Xia). ).

Highlight personal style in brushwork and brushwork. Wu Xizai, a Qing Dynasty man, said profoundly in the Outline of Books: "Books are like people. If he studies, if he is talented, in short, he is like a person. " He also said: "books can be learned, brushwork fonts, mutual."

Wenming Zhiming calligraphy

Select each difference, observe it and keep it high. "Because of their different backgrounds, experiences, knowledge and accomplishments, painters and painters have different learning and efforts in painting and calligraphy skills. Because of the different methods of writing and writing, even works with the same theme will show great differences in interest and artistic conception. As far as the pen is concerned, the center, flank, hidden front, exposed front, reverse front, positive front and so on; Fiona Fang, slow, stiff, charming, etc. Are good at hitting the ball. For ink color, depth, shade, dryness and wetness are also different. Even some painters and painters specialize in a certain ink color. For example, when Li Keran painted mountains and rivers, he liked to use dry dragons and imperial ink to pursue the special effects of purple in black and light in purple. A painter's personal style is specific and unique, and his unique personality is expressed through his unique brushwork and composition. No matter how others imitate it, it is difficult to be completely consistent, and children are no exception. There are many imitations of calligraphy and painting that can only be similar in shape but not in spirit, which is an example of personal style that is difficult to copy. Of course, it is not easy to fully grasp a painter's personal style, because personal style is driven by many factors, has a certain formation and development process, and is dynamic and rich. Every painter's brushwork, brushwork, artistic conception, thoughts and feelings will change in his early years, the Middle Ages and his later years, and even his remuneration will be different. Qi Baishi's landscape creation is mainly in the early days, and the number handed down is very small. His meticulous brushwork was only made between the ages of 40 and 60, and most of his later years were freehand flowers and birds. These complicated situations tell us that to master the painter's personal style, we must understand the whole process. The key lies in the familiarity with the painter's personal style, just like some of our relatives and friends, from appearance, figure to temperament, to special preferences, to thoughts and feelings, the deeper they understand, the greater their grasp will be until someone can hear it and know it through its shadow.

Know the fake and know the fake.

In order to avoid detours and absorb the experience of predecessors, it is necessary to fully understand the main methods of counterfeiting in previous dynasties, which is conducive to finding the right position, finding the source and knowing the reasons in counterfeiting identification.

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