What are the characteristics of residential buildings and the local natural environment in Beijing?

The development of quadrangles in Beijing and the formation of representative residential buildings are closely related to Beijing's natural environment and social culture. Beijing is located in North China, so the main function of folk houses is to solve the problem of cold protection and heat preservation in winter. There is a strong wind in North China. The cold wind comes from the northwest in winter and from the southeast in summer. The quadrangle faces south and the door faces south. In winter, they can avoid the cold wind and enjoy the cool in summer.

At the same time, the courtyard of Beijing quadrangles is spacious, which is conducive to receiving more sunshine in winter and ventilation in summer. The center of the old Beijing quadrangle. Often put one or several large fish tanks, but also because Beijing is relatively short of water. First, it is used for viewing, second, it can adjust the air, and third, it has the function of fire prevention.

The quadrangles in Beijing are regular and typical, while the quadrangles in other areas have different characteristics because of the differences in climate, land, building materials and building level.

Beijing quadrangle is a veritable quadrangle, spacious and open, with plenty of sunshine and broad vision.

Overall mode

Regular quadrangles, one household, one house, the plane pattern can be large or small. The owner of the house can build it according to the size of the land area and the size of the family. It can be as small as one entrance, as large as three or four entrances, or it can be built two yards wide. For the smallest, the room is13; The first or second hospital has 25 to 40 rooms.

The back wall of the wing is a courtyard wall, and the corner is bricked again. This big quadrangle is surrounded by walls from the outside. The wall is very high, and no window is opened to show its privacy. Institutionally, many palaces and temples are also designed and built according to the layout of quadrangles.

The smallest one enters the courtyard, that is, the courtyard directly after entering the street gate, with the central axis running through. Houses are all single-storey, surrounded by inverted houses, main rooms and wing rooms, in which the north room is the main room, the houses in the east and west directions are wing rooms, and the south gate faces north, so it is called "inverted house". The courtyard houses are planted with flowers and trees for viewing.