What is service trade?

What is service trade? (1) The classification method of service trade centered on departments can be divided into: business * * *; Communication services; Construction services; Distribution service; Educational services; Environmental services; Financial services; Health and social services; Tourism and related services; Cultural, recreational and sports services; Transport services; Other services.

What are the ways of international service trade? In the field of international trade, the so-called service trade usually refers to international service trade. It is a kind of cross-border service behavior, the output and input of services in the world, and actually the provision and acceptance of international services. According to the definition of the World Trade Organization, there are four ways to provide international service trade: one is cross-border delivery. Cross-border provision means providing services from one country to another. This kind of service does not constitute people flow, logistics or capital flow, but financial, information, audio-visual and other services realized through postal services, telecommunications and computer networks. Second, foreign consumption patterns. Foreign consumption mode refers to providing services for service consumers (natural persons or legal persons) in another country, such as receiving foreign tourists, providing medical services for foreign patients, and accepting foreign students. Third, the way of commercial existence. Commercial presence means that a service provider of one country provides services through its commercial presence in another country (referring to any type of commercial enterprise or professional organization), such as a company of one country setting up banks, shops, accounting firms and law firms abroad. Fourth, the way of existence of natural persons.

What are the characteristics of trade in services compared with trade in goods? The object of international service trade is generally invisible; Trade in goods is usually tangible. Whether the traded goods can be stored: the services provided by international service trade are often produced, sold and consumed at the same time, so it has the characteristics of simultaneity, non-storability, non-transferability and internationality. On the other hand, trade in goods is generally separated from production, sales and consumption, and the traded goods can be stored.

Trade statistics: There are many statistical methods of international service trade, which are shown in the balance of payments tables of various countries, but not in the import and export statistics of customs of various countries. The trade volume of goods can be clearly obtained from customs statistics.

State protection of trade: The protection of service trade is flexible, hidden and selective, rather than fixed, open, unified and transparent. Its protection is not only aimed at commercial interests, but also at national security and political stability. The main forms of barriers include restrictions on the flow of service products, personnel, capital and the right of service providers to start business. The key point is that the protection of service trade is mainly based on the restrictions on the qualifications and activities of people (natural persons, legal persons and other economic organizations), while the protection of commodity trade is mainly based on the quantity and quality of commodities. In addition, the protection measures of commodity trade are mainly manifested in traditional trade barriers (tariffs, subsidies, quotas, etc.). ) and non-tariff barriers (environmental protection, human rights, etc. ).

Trade protection: In recent years, due to the strengthening of economic globalization and the implementation of WTO, commodity trade shows a trend of liberalization, and its protection is obviously weakened, and traditional trade protection measures are restricted. However, due to the sensitivity of the service industry in economic security, competitiveness and employment, the barriers to trade in services are still high. This is mainly reflected in the following aspects: strict restrictions on commercial existence and the movement of natural persons are the core barriers to market access; The breadth and depth of commitment are still limited, especially the proportion of "unrestricted" departments is low.

Trade supervision mode: international service trade is not regulated by border measures, but by relevant domestic laws and regulations. Trade in goods. Trade in goods is mainly regulated by measures such as tariffs, licenses and import and export quotas.

What are the listed companies in service trade?