How many kinds of porcelain are there in Jingdezhen? Several firing methods are better.

Blue-and-white porcelain, blue-and-white exquisite porcelain, pastel porcelain and glazed porcelain are collectively called the four famous porcelain in Jingdezhen.

Blue-and-white porcelain: Blue-and-white porcelain is painted and decorated with natural cobalt materials on white mud, then coated with transparent glaze, and then fired at a high temperature of 1300 degrees Celsius once, so that the pigment fully penetrates into the blank glaze, showing a green blue pattern, which looks beautiful, clear and elegant. Blue-and-white is the most national porcelain decoration in China, a kind of underglaze colored porcelain, and one of the earliest methods of ceramic decoration in China.

Blue and white exquisite porcelain: exquisite and clear. Linglong porcelain is a kind of sculpture. Xu Zhiheng: "Drinking Liuzhai on Porcelain" records: "Plain porcelain is very thin, and those who carve flowers to reflect cyan are called shadow carvings, and those who have holes on both sides are called exquisite porcelain." Its manufacturing method is: firstly, carve millet holes on the blank according to the flower shape designed by the pattern, so that the holes on the two walls are transparent, like small windows; Then paste a special transparent glaze, just like enough paper; Then glaze all over. After baking, the carved place is bright and clean, but it does not leak. This light-transmitting rice-shaped hole is called "rice flower"; In Japan, it is called "Mi Tong" and "Firefly Hand". Some furnishings, such as dragon boats and vases, are also exquisite if they are hollow and have no glaze. Hongzhou kiln produced exquisite porcelain in Tang dynasty; During Yongle period of Ming Dynasty, Jingdezhen kiln had exquisite products. During the period of Qin Long and Wanli, exquisite porcelain was all the rage. During the reign of Emperor Qianlong in Beijing, the imperial kiln factory also imitated burning. The main utensils are exquisite stoves, exquisite bowls, exquisite pen holders and exquisite incense sticks.

Linglong porcelain is a kind of porcelain with many regular "exquisite eyes" carved on the porcelain blank by carving technology. After firing with glaze, these small holes become translucent bright holes, which are very beautiful and are called "glass-bonded porcelain". Because the original meaning of "exquisite" is dexterity, clarity and transparency, it is very accurate to call this kind of porcelain exquisite.

Linglong porcelain also has a long history, so it is also one of the four traditional famous porcelain in Jingdezhen. Linglong porcelain is often accompanied by blue and white patterns, which is called blue and white Linglong porcelain. This kind of porcelain has both carving art and blue and white characteristics, which is both simple and fresh. Linglong porcelain developed rapidly after liberation. In addition to Chinese and western tableware, tea sets, utensils, coffee sets, stationery and other daily-use porcelain, its products have also been refined into various vases, lamps and other display porcelain.

Pastel porcelain: Pastel is a method of painting on glazed surface (porcelain embryo) and firing at low temperature. Pastel, also known as "soft color", is a variety of glaze color. The so-called glaze color is painted on the glazed surface of the fired blank and fired in a kiln at 600-900 degrees Celsius. Pastel is a new kind of glaze color, which is created on the basis of Kangxi multicolored and influenced by enamel color production technology. It first appeared in the late Kangxi period and was popular in later dynasties.

Pastel porcelain is generally painted by sketching the outline of the pattern on white porcelain fired at high temperature, then using arsenic-containing glass white as the background color, and then coating pigment on this glass white. According to the different needs of shade, the color is gently washed away with a clean pen, so that the petals and characters' clothes have a sense of shade. Due to the opacification of arsenic, glass white has an opaque feeling. When it is mixed with various colors, it will cause pulverization. Red will turn into pink, green will turn into light green, yellow will turn into light yellow, and other colors will turn into opaque light tones. The amount of arsenic can be controlled, and a series of different shades can be obtained, giving people a feeling of powder and softness. Therefore, this glaze color is called "famille rose", which is used in expression techniques. In style, its layout and brushwork have the characteristics of traditional Chinese painting.

Yan color glazed porcelain: Yan color glazed porcelain convex color glazed porcelain. There are many kinds: one color is called monochromatic glaze, and the other color is called floral glaze; High-temperature glass is called when the firing temperature is above 1200 degrees, and low-temperature glass is called below 1000 degrees. Glaze contains clay, aging and flux. Colorants mainly contain copper, iron, cobalt, manganese and other compounds. Low-temperature glass is named after natural scenery, animals and plants, and is ivory kiln red. The colorful glazed porcelain in Ming and Qing Dynasties is very rich in color. After more than 50 years of development after the founding of New China, it is even colorless. In addition to restoring 56 kinds of traditional colored glazes, more than 60 kinds of colored glazes have been innovated. Phoenix glaze, rainbow glaze, etc. The colors are very rich, and the products sell well all over the world.

Colorful glazed porcelain uses a variety of metal oxides and natural ores as colorants, and some metal oxides are added to the glaze. After baking at high or low temperature, it will show some inherent colors, which is colored glaze. The metal oxides that affect the colored glaze are mainly colorants, which are also closely related to the composition, size, firing temperature and firing atmosphere of the glaze. People say, "whatever color there is in nature, you can burn porcelain of whatever color." If you visit the colored glazed porcelain in Jingdezhen, you will believe that this statement is true. Of course, many ingredients and firing in glass are difficult, such as "offering red glaze", and there is a saying that "a thousand kilns are valuable".