Standards and examples of humor

The first is to make people laugh easily.

A deliberate misunderstanding. Generally speaking, a person's humorous ability is positively related to his IQ. Interesting or ridiculous and meaningful. Laugh with humor, funny will only make people laugh, and humor will make you come up with many reasons after laughing. "Humor has a broad sense and a narrow sense. In western language usage, it often includes all the words that make people laugh, even vulgar jokes ... In a narrow sense, humor is different from depression, satire and ridicule. These three or four styles all contain jokes. But there are different types of laughter, such as wry smile, guffaw, faint smile and fake smile, and the attitude of smiling again is also different. Some are sour and sweet, some are gentle, some are contemptuous, some are sympathetic, and some are based on the whole outlook on life and have thoughts. The best humor naturally means "the brilliance of the soul and the richness of wisdom" ... among all kinds of styles, humor is the most emotional. " ("Lin Yutang-On Reading, On Humor", published by Contemporary World Publishing House) 3 A kind of wisdom that can arouse some emotion of human psychology, a kind of processing or destruction of reality in some form after proper control of logic. At present, humor or funny can be promoted to the category of philosophical research. It is no exaggeration to say that humor is a philosophy.

Humor is different from humor and satire. Humor is to expose the self-contradiction of things in teasing and gagging, so as to achieve the purpose of criticism and satire. Irony is to expose, criticize or laugh at bad or stupid behavior by metaphor and exaggeration. Humor is related to both, but there are differences. The explanation in Ci Hai goes like this: "innuendo, allegory and satire. Expose the fallacies and irrationality in life. " Lenin said: "Humor is a beautiful and healthy quality." Because of this, some people regard humor as a sign of maturity. Our life today is full of sunshine and laughter, but we might as well let humor act as a spiritual "masseur" after intense work. At that time, life will be more interesting Moreover, humor will make people live longer! Norwegian research shows that adults with a sense of humor live longer than those who lack the fun of life. The death rate of cancer patients with a great sense of humor is 70% lower than that of those without a sense of humor. Humor is a very hot topic. What is humor? There is no clear and consistent explanation. Humor comes from life and is also learned. Humor is a language form processed by art, and it is an artistic language. Humor is an artistic method of creating literary and artistic works with laughter as an artistic means.

Psychological explanation of editing this humor

Humor refers to the absurd and unexpected characteristics of something, but it is implicit or unforgettable in expression. For example, in the cross talk "Teasing You", the process of a thief teaching a child to call him "Teasing You" was very dull from the beginning, which made people feel a little puzzled at most. Stealing clothes, the result is ridiculous, until it suddenly dawns, while the horse's performance is tight inside and loose outside, orderly, vivid and subtle, which makes people laugh. Interpretation of humor by psychoanalytic theory: According to Freud's theory, humor can express repressed thoughts in a socially permissible way. In his book Jokes and Their Relationship with the Subconscious, he pointed out that through humor, individuals can freely express their attacks ("pranks") or sexual desires without worrying about the counterattack of ego or superego. When telling jokes, because the energy of anti-spiritual catharsis is no longer needed, this energy is released in laughter. Jokes, like dreams, are usually forgotten quickly because they are also used to deal with "dangerous" things. In fact, in order to make people laugh, a joke must contain something that stimulates anxiety. According to Freud, we can only laugh at some annoying things. A test of American humor shows that sex, extinction and death are the public's favorite themes, which may show a Freudian believer that they contain a lot of repressed thoughts. In fact, in their words, if you want to know what a person's subconscious is suppressed, you just need to test what kind of humor this person likes.

From the mechanism of laughter, there are physiological laughter, social laughter, psychological laughter and so on. Only "knowing smile" and "psychological smile" are related to the essence of humor. The so-called "knowing smile" is to make people understand something in laughter and get some enlightenment.

There are several ways of common humor:

crosstalk

Crosstalk: To achieve humorous effect through language or dialogue.

joke

Joke: It makes people feel funny through an interesting little story.

Wulitou

Wulitou: It's funny to use seemingly illogical language and body movements. Parody: Imitation makes people feel funny.

deceive

Trick: Make the viewer feel funny by unreasonable means (such as drawing a moustache on the photo). Spoof-Xiao Pang

black humor

Black humor: a literary school that rose in the United States in the 1960s, making helpless and bitter cynicism about the absurd social reality full of contradictions. Later, it also refers to this helpless and bitter expression style. It is a kind of "black" and "humor" which combines ridicule, criticism, exposure and irony, fantasy and negation.

April Fools' Day

April Fool's Day: A day that can cause many jokes. People play jokes on people around them in various ways.

Standing comedy

Dong: It is the translation of English "Stand Up Comedy". This translation is so "Cantonese" that many Hong Kong people find it vivid. Although the word originated in the West, it has many similarities with the cross talk of China people. It is only in this era of "seeking novelty" and "seeking creativity" that young people have accepted some easy-to-understand and vivid terms.

Cold humor

Cold humor: a little black humor, but different from black humor. It can be understood as humor without obvious intention. When the parties tell a cold humor, they don't mean to achieve the humorous effect. This is a very casual humor. It's up to you to laugh or not. "Cold humor" is a kind of faint humor that is naturally revealed inadvertently. It is the humor that makes people dumbfounded, puzzled, thoughtful, epiphany and laugh, and it is the humor that makes people memorable. It is called "cold humor" because it is not only humorous, but also "cold".

Czech humor

Czech humor: The characteristics of Czech writer Hrabal's works are permeated with thoughts and worries about people and society, which makes people feel bitter and depressed after laughing.

White humor

White humor: White humor teaches people to feel scared and funny.

Humorous cartoons

Humorous jokes can only come from people. Laughter is what people seem to hear and feel. Communication between people depends on language, and language depends on whether there is humor in language. China has a history of thousands of years of civilization, and its language and culture are becoming more and more mature. Language has a gradual process from primitive to evolutionary. Primitive people's way of working is very simple, just hunting and farming activities, and their language is very simple, talking about ordinary life and work. After the use of machinery, the mode of labor is complicated, and in collective activities, the relationship and communication between people are also complicated, especially in business and diplomatic activities, a little carelessness in language often causes trouble. In communication, people learn to use heuristic language because many words are not suitable for straightforward statements. For example, when an old man dies, he always says "dead", "gone" and "dead", instead of just saying "my father is dead". In the early years, when a woman mentioned her husband, or her husband mentioned his wife, she was embarrassed to say it directly. Instead, she said "the father of the child" and "the mother of the child". An old lady said that her husband was "the pole of our tobacco pouch", and they all turned a corner and expressed it in a tortuous and implicit way. At first people said "go to the bathroom" and "go to the bathroom", and later they said "go to the bathroom" and "go to the locker room". This is the result of language evolution brought about by the increasingly complex relationship between people and the progress of civilization. As the saying goes, practice makes perfect, so does the use of language, especially in jokes, when people speak, they often use "Qiao". For example, when we say, "I am full by myself, but my whole family is not hungry", it is obvious that we are living a single life. I remember the writer Mark Twain said, "It's the easiest to quit smoking. I have quit more than 200 times. " But when people listen, they understand. What he said is that you can't always quit! This statement is very clear and funny. Obviously, it is an artistic grammar and a creative language, which naturally comes from wisdom. This is humor.

Edit this paragraph with cold humor.

Cold humor is a little black humor, but it is different from black humor. It can be understood as humor without obvious intention. When the parties tell a cold humor, they don't mean to achieve the humorous effect. This is a very casual humor. It's up to you to laugh or not. Cold humor is a kind of faint humor that is naturally revealed inadvertently. It is the humor that makes people become speechless, puzzled, thoughtful, epiphany and laugh, and it is the humor that makes people memorable. Because the second half of cold humor is always unexpected, people who have a positive view of cold humor get colder and colder. The reason is that the second half of cold humor is always unexpected to the listener. The listener always hints to himself that "the second half of the cold humor can't be guessed", but people's curiosity keeps the listener guessing. The final result is the lengthening or deepening of the thinking process of "concentration and deliberation".

Go into the mall and have a good time. Food on the first floor, clothing on the second floor, sporting goods on the third floor, children's toys on the fourth floor. Mr. Y said: "Eat well and dress well, exercise and have children, and the layout is reasonable." Interesting, right? Does anyone else think so? Another wrote: A certain gentleman writes poems clearly, so he cursed obscure poems and couldn't understand them. Mr. Y said, "A poem you don't understand is by no means a bad poem. Since you can't understand it, you can't approve it. Since you can't approve, you can't say it's bad. Conversely, poisonous weeds can also be understood. " This last sentence has some truth. Think about it carefully. Look at another one: Mr. Y has been nicknamed Little Y for many years. The secretary of the League branch asked, "Little Y, don't you have any shortcomings?" He replied, "Of course. The first shortcoming is that you can't see your own advantages clearly and need constant praise from others. " The secretary of the Youth League branch is a lesbian. She couldn't help laughing and asked, "What's the second shortcoming?" He replied: "I can't see clearly the shortcomings of others, and I need others to review them frequently." Look at a few shorter ones: 1 sir. Y watched TV and listened to an actress singing patriotic songs, clapping and saying, "Little girl, don't evade taxes in the future." 2. Mr. Y visited the market, pointed to a white tile facade and said to his friend, "This store doesn't sell fakes, doesn't talk about prices, and doesn't give people kickbacks." The side face of a friend looks like a public toilet. 3. Watch the history of "Cultural Revolution" at night and peep out the window. Mr. Y stared out of the window and said, "What I see is darkness, and what it sees is light. Rats and people cannot agree, even if they are close to each other. " For those who are interested in humorous literary creators, reading this book is beneficial and more inspiring to the artistic creation of cross talk.

Every country has its own cultural traditions and living habits, and often makes up some jokes on this topic. Some people will understand after reading it, while others will pay attention after thinking about it. Many French people live a charming life, so many jokes are made: a scholar tries to analyze the nationality of each country, and each country chooses two men and one woman as a group and sends them to live on an uninhabited island. A few months later, the scholar came to the island where the British lived, and saw three people doing their own things aimlessly. Asked why, they replied, "You didn't introduce us!" The scholar went to French Island again and saw a man arranging flowers and planting trees in the yard. The scholar asked him, what about the two men? He replied, "That woman was my lover three months ago. She has been his lover since yesterday. It's my turn to arrange flowers and trees. " Another joke is: a little boy called the police: "someone hit my father in the street!" " "The police ran after the children and saw them fighting. The policeman asked, "Which is your father?" "I don't know, that's why they fight. "There is another one: a general computer company holds an exhibition. Professor Angel paid a visit. The salesman said, "You can ask any question, and this computer will give you the correct answer. The professor wrote down his question: "Where is my father?" The lock pusher entered this sentence, and soon the answer came out: "Your father is fishing at sea." "Nonsense!" Professor Angel said, "My father has been dead for ten years!" "The computer won't go wrong. The salesman insisted, "why don't you try asking in another way?" Then Professor Angel asked again, "Where is my mother's husband?" "The computer replied," He has been dead for ten years, but your father is fishing by the sea. "

What is a sense of humor?

Read widely and broaden your knowledge. If you accumulate knowledge to a certain extent and meet different people on various occasions, you will be prepared and comfortable. Cultivate noble tastes and optimistic beliefs. A narrow-minded and negative-minded person will not have a sense of humor. Humor belongs to people who are broad-minded and passionate about life. To improve observation and imagination, we should be good at using associations and metaphors. Participate in social activities and meet people with different personalities. Enhancing social skills can also enhance your sense of humor. Empathy humor is "unexpected", "incredible", exaggerated or strange. This is the result of empathy. Empathy is playing cards out of common sense, breaking away from normal thinking, giving people unexpected surprises and making people laugh and cry. Similar to empathy, it is "going to extremes." If you use exaggerated words and incongruous sentences to express one thing, one person and one thing, you can get unexpected results and make people feel funny. Philosophical essence of humor: a small spark of wisdom arising from subjective and objective contradictions. "Subjectivity": the self-righteousness of humor recipients based on "invariability". Objectivity: a fictional scene expressed in humorous language. "Contradiction": The contrast of reconciliation has the difference of intersection. "Wisdom": The knowledge of humor giver and humor receiver coincides with humorous jokes. "Small": Humorous jokes are small-scale reasoning and do not involve too complicated analysis. However, humorous laughter is not limited to "sparks": "strangeness" seeking "normality" is an abnormal existence. "Chang": the common feelings, common laws, common laws and common feelings in the world. "Inference": it can be divided into pre-inference and post-inference, and the dividing point is the moment when humorous language sentences are completed. "Donor": a person who tells humorous jokes in various languages. "Recipient": someone who can understand the language of humorous donors and accept humorous jokes. The producer of humor must construct a scene so that the receiver of humor can reason for himself, so the general humorous jokes are short stories, or the short language of virtual scenes can be inferred. The construction methods of humor can be summarized as follows: these methods can be used alone, in combination or nested: 1. Replacement: refers to similar replacement, including homophonic replacement, figurative replacement and spiritual replacement. Similar but different, if you change it to the same, you can produce humor. For example, Water and Urine (Spike), IQ and Hemorrhoids, Toad and Camouflage Jeep, Pisces and Taiji, etc. 2. Imbalance: Balance and symmetry are the themes of our world. If people create small imbalances and asymmetries, it can also become a kind of humor. For example, "shorts with tie", "tall woman with short man" and "Zhang Fei with fruit knife". 3. Coincidence: There are high probability events that form common sense in the world. If people make small probability events with good intentions, they can also become a kind of humor. For example, "Zhang Xiao often meets Zhang Xiao", "Ping-pong balls fall" and "bird droppings fall and splash ink oil painting" 4. Irony: Irony is the main force of humor, which can be a kind of humor that satirizes others, society and oneself. For example, "the initials are SB", "the most familiar face in the school" and "it is better to be famous than to meet". 5. Mix and match: Common sense is only related things. If unrelated things are artificially linked, it can also become a kind of humor. For example, "A tailor who doesn't want to be a chef is not a good driver", "Scientists know martial arts, and hooligans can't live" and so on.

Edit the humorous expressions in this speech

Humor is the most interesting of all kinds of speech concluding remarks. A speaker can win laughter at the end, which not only shows that his speech skills are very mature, but also leaves good memories for himself and his audience, and is also a sign of the successful conclusion of his speech. So, how can we achieve this effect?

First, end the speech with humorous language.

1. Create motivation. Mr Lao She, a famous writer in China, is very humorous. At the beginning of a speech in a city, he said, "I want to talk to you about six questions today." Then, he spoke first, second, third, fourth and fifth in an orderly way. After talking about the fifth question, he found that there was not much time left for the meeting, so he raised his voice and said solemnly, "Sixth, dismiss the meeting." The audience was shocked at first, and soon clapped happily. Lao She used an art of "making waves" here, which broke the normal speech content, thus bringing surprises to the audience and receiving humorous effects. 2. Omit. At the end of 1985, the National Writers Association held its annual meeting in Luohu District, Shenzhen. At the opening ceremony, relevant leaders at the provincial and municipal levels spoke one by one and congratulated each other on their qualifications. When it was the turn of the secretary of the Luohu District Party Committee to speak, the opening ceremony had been going on for a long time. So he said, "First of all, on behalf of the Luohu District Committee and Government, I would like to extend a warm welcome to all the experts and scholars." After the applause, after a pause, he said loudly: "Finally, I wish the conference a complete success. My words are finished. " He ended his speech with lightning speed. The audience was stunned first, and then burst into cheerful applause. Because, from the "first" to the "last" at once, the second, third and fourth are omitted in the middle ... Such a speech, like an unexpected stone, has achieved a groundbreaking humorous effect, and it is indeed unique in style and conception. 3. Generalization. The tea party for graduates of the Chinese Department of a university began with a speech by the secretary of the General Party Branch of the department. The three-minute impromptu speech was mainly to congratulate the graduates. Then Professor Peng gave a speech, the theme of which was to hope that the students would continue to study hard, and also quoted Lenin's famous words. Professor Pan, the third speaker, recited Gorky's "Haiyan" and encouraged graduates to learn the spirit of Haiyan. The fourth deputy director hopes that students will always remember their alma mater and teachers. Then, the graduates welcomed Professor Wang to speak. Professor Wang, who was unprepared and hard to refuse, stood up, briefly reviewed several unforgettable episodes of communication with his classmates over the past few years, and finally said slowly: "The previous ones have raised ardent hopes for everyone, but I still like to say what they said. (Laughter) First of all, I want to wish the students a smooth graduation! (Laughter) Second, I hope students will' study, study and study again'. Thirdly, I hope my classmates can brave the storm of life like Haiyan. (Laughter and applause) Fourth, I hope that students will not forget their alma mater and train your teachers hard! " Here, Professor Wang ended a witty and humorous speech with great personality by briefly summarizing the topics of the top four, putting new wine in old bottles and not sticking to the old model.

Second, use props to produce humorous effects to end the speech

1. At the end of "Speech at China University of the Arts", Mr. Lu Xun said: "These are my observations on the art world in recent years." Today I bring a picture of China's 5,000-year-old culture. Please enjoy it. With that, he reached into his robe and slowly unfolded a roll of paper from his skirt. When he opened it, it turned out to be a sick and ugly monthly card. Suddenly the whole audience laughed. Mr. Lu Xun performed with proper props, which was in sharp contrast with the conclusion and was very humorous. Not only did the speech end in a cheerful atmosphere, but also the audience further realized the profound meaning of Mr. Wang's speech in laughter. 2. Puns. At the end of a speech in Yan 'an, Mao Zedong took out a box of cigarettes and touched it slowly with his fingers, but after a long time, he didn't take out a cigarette. Obviously, he ran out. The people concerned were very anxious, because Mao Zedong was a heavy smoker, so someone immediately set out to buy cigarettes. While speaking, Mao Zedong continued to touch the cigarette case. After a while, he smiled and took out the only cigarette, held it on his finger and said to everyone, "The last one!" " As Mao Zedong said, this "last article" is the last question and the last cigarette. Punning, full of fun, the audience laughed, and the fatigue and tiredness of the audience were swept away in the laughter.

Third, end the speech with humorous actions.

Although it is rare to end a speech with humorous actions, there are many such examples. James Lowell, an American poet and literary critic, gave an impromptu speech at a dinner in London when he was ambassador to Britain in 1883. Finally, he said, "I heard a story when I was very young. It's about an American Methodist minister. He preached in a camping sermon and told the story of Joshua. He started like this: "Believers, the sun moves in three ways. The first is forward or straight forward; The second is to move backward or backward; The third kind is mentioned in our scripture-standing still. Gentlemen, I don't know if you understand the moral of this story. I want you to know. After dinner tonight, the speaker will first go in a straight direction (get up and leave his seat to demonstrate)-that is, the forward movement of the sun. Then he came back and began to repeat his action-the backward movement of the sun. Finally, with a good sense of direction, bring yourself to the end. This is what we just said about the static motion of the sun. "(Laughter, Lowell is seated again) This vivid action performance that is closely related to the topic is vivid and impeccable. How can we not win warm applause and laughter from the audience! There are countless humorous endings of speeches. The key is that the speaker should have a sense of humor and properly grasp the atmosphere of the speech and the mentality of the audience in the speech, so that the conclusion of the speech can receive the sensational effect of "reverberation around the beam for three days".