Ancient culture interesting question: "nose ancestor" and nose related?

To explain the origin of "Nose Ancestor", we have to start from the word "nose". The original character for "nose" is "自". In ancient times, "since" means nose. In the oracle bone inscriptions and gold inscriptions, the writing style of "自" is very much like the human nose, and at that time, the pronunciation of "自" was the same as that of "鼻", which is why Xu Shen said in Shuowen Jiezi so Xu Shen said in "Shuo Wen Jie Zi": "Zi, pronounced as if it were a nose."

It should be said that the original meaning of "自" is nose, and people often point to their own noses when they talk about themselves, so "自" has the meaning of "oneself" and becomes a first-person pronoun. It has become a first person pronoun. This meaning of "自" was later widely used, and it became inconvenient to refer to the nose in its original meaning. Therefore, people created a new form of Chinese character: under "自", they added the sound symbol "畀" to form a new character "鼻", and from then on, "自" and "鼻" have been used together. From then on, "自" and "鼻" were divided into two characters, each meaning something else. Since the derivation of "自" has the meaning of "from" and then "beginning", "鼻" (nose) also inherits the meaning of "founding" and "beginning". also inherited the meaning of "founding" and "beginning". There is a saying in the "Han System Kao - Shuowen" that "the first born son is the nose", which means that the first born son is called the "nose", using the meaning of "initial". Therefore, the earliest ancestor, the founder, was called the "nose".

In order to vent their anger and dissatisfaction with someone, they would often call them "shameless", meaning that they have no regard for their face and are not ashamed of themselves. But you don't call them "shameless", why is that? This is mainly because of the difference between written and spoken language. The word "面" belongs to the written language, which is mostly used in literature, while "脸" is a spoken language, which often appears in oral conversations. For example, in our daily conversations, we will say "wash your face" or "wipe your face", but we seldom say "wash your face" or "wipe your face". As the saying goes, someone's face is thicker than a city wall. If we say "face" is thicker than a city wall, we will lose the vivid and lively effect of spoken language. The meaning of the spoken word, can also be expressed in writing using literary language: for example, don't face in literature, can be said to disregard the face; wash your face can also be said to clean face and so on. In addition, "don't face" in the pronunciation of the sound, resounding, than "don't face" much harder.

In fact, face is not exactly a verbal term. Before the Ming Dynasty, both "face" and "face" were written terms that often appeared in literary works. For example, the Tang Dynasty poet Cen Sen wrote a poem: "The bank flower is still shy from the red face", Li Qingzhao's words: "The fragrant face is half-open and delicate", Bai Juyi's "holding the pipa and half covering the face", and Cui Gu "Peach blossoms on the face reflect each other red" are all face, face into the literary words and phrases. It was only in later times that the distinction between spoken and written language was gradually made.

Face and face have similar meanings nowadays, but there was a difference in their meanings in the past. Face is a late word, about the Wei and Jin Dynasties later produced, the initial meaning is cheeks, often refers to women under the cheeks can be powdered parts. For example, Bai Juyi's "Zhaojun's Complaint", "Eyebrow pinning residual wear face pinning red", refers to this part. In addition, "face" in ancient times also has the meaning of "lid", that is, eyelids. In a poem written by Emperor Wu of Liang Dynasty, "A Woman on behalf of the State of Su", he wrote, "The look on the silk is not yet over, and the tears under the face are like silk." The word "face" here means eyelids. The scope of the face is larger than the face, including the entire front of the head, and the face is only a part of the face. With the evolution of time, the semantic meaning of "face" has gradually expanded to be more or less the same as that of "面".

Children like to hook their fingers and swear, and they often hook their fingers while reciting in a serious manner, "Hook the hook and hang yourself for a hundred years!" They are serious about keeping their promises and keeping their word. Couples between ear to ear, romantic, but also like to hook the finger to say some of the oath of alliance, to witness the fidelity of feelings.

The origin of this hook finger swearing is not precise and credible information, so much so that some people think, hook finger is introduced from the West, from the West, a man and a woman hook finger triggered by the love of the legend. This seems to be a solid claim, but it is hard to believe because of the lack of facts.

The origin of the hook finger may be related to the role of the finger. Fingers, with the meaning of "will", representing the individual's inner thoughts and intentions, fingers hooked together with the meaning of the exchange of inner thoughts. In addition, the people of the country have pointed to the sky as a form of oath, so "finger" has an important role in the oath. In the oath, the fingers not only signed and pledged solemnly, but also sometimes cut their fingers to take the blood oath. In view of this, people will simply hook fingers to indicate that the oath, at the same time by finger communication to express the recognition of each other's hearts, and sometimes will be the two thumbs as a seal signature and as a proof.

In fact, the index finger is really the earliest and eat, but not the meaning of eating fingers. Ancient people used to use this finger to test the soup, food, hot and cold, flavor, and then put in the mouth to suck a little, the ancients did not strange, because the ancient times people but with the hand directly grabbed something to eat, therefore, the ancients specifically will be this finger called the index finger. The reason why they chose the index finger to do this work, perhaps because compared to other fingers, the index finger is more flexible, taste the food to be very convenient for the sake of it.

There is an interesting story about the index finger. During the Spring and Autumn Period, a Zheng state nobleman, Zi Gong (Duke Song's character), had his index finger throb every time, and the next day, he would taste a different flavor. He went on a mission to the state of Jin, his index finger, he ate the stone flower fish; went on a mission to the state of Chu, his index finger, he ate the swan meat; and then ate before the Acacia orange, is also the index finger, tried and true. According to this, it seems that there is really a deep affinity between the index finger and food.

It is often said that someone's wallet is bulging, meaning that the money bag is full (rich), and this meaning of wallet is related to its function.

The purse, is to wear on the waist of some of the bag, belt or decorative accessories, the original is the court aristocrats wear jewelry. Because of its colorful, coupled with exquisite and beautiful embroidery, won the people's favorite. An exquisite purse, from the form, pattern, embroidery to the line, cloth color, have been carefully conceived, carefully ShiYi, pouring the producer's feelings and efforts. Later, the bag also became a symbol of identity, honor, the Qing Dynasty Emperor had embroidered bags as prizes awarded to ministers, attendants, to show favor.

With the development of folk embroidery art, the purse gradually popularized to the people, the main function is to celebrate as a gift to friends and relatives, or between men and women as a token of love, and then it is to honor the gods and Buddha in order to express the piety of the heart.

The purse is not only a work of art, but also has a practical function. It is mainly for storing small objects and spices for personal use. According to the different things inside, evolved a variety of wallets, such as money wallets, incense wallets (also known as incense bags or incense tube), needle and thread wallets, cigarette wallets, fan bags, glasses bags, trigger finger bags, key bags, handkerchief bags and other embroidered jewelry. The function of money purse is very similar to that of wallet nowadays, so it is apt to use the metaphor of having money with a very bulging purse.

The Chu Ci - Invocation of the Soul has a sentence that reads, "The beautiful bamboo chess set (bamboo chips used for six-card games) is like a chess set, and there are six cards in it." This is probably the earliest record of the term "Xiangqi". However, the Xiangqi here refers to six chess pieces made of ivory, which is not the same thing as the Xiangqi nowadays.

Chess was probably invented during the Northern and Southern Dynasties. Yuwen Yong, Emperor Wu of the Northern Zhou Dynasty, authored a book called "The Book of Xiangjing". He was so proud of his work that he recruited a hundred officials, explained it to them in person, and ordered notes to be made. Unfortunately, this book has long been lost. From the account of the people and descendants, we can roughly glimpse it is a book on chess, "Sui book - book of records" in the book will be listed in the category of military books, and "chess", "miscellaneous games" and other books side by side, can also prove this point. Yang Shen, a scholar during the Zhengde and Jiajing years of the Ming Dynasty, said in the General Record of Dan and Lead, "Emperor Wu of Zhou's Elephant Scripture has the image of the sun, moon, and stars." That is to say, "Xiang Opera" is based on the sun, moon and stars. So how did it evolve into the chess of later generations?

British scholar Joseph Lee believed that it was the result of Indian processing. He believes that the Northern Dynasty Xiangqi had pieces symbolizing the sun and the moon, as well as pieces similar to the "general" and "marshal" of Chinese Xiangqi; and the "cannon" that appeared in the Fifth Dynasty and the Northern Song Dynasty, which he believes initially signified a comet that flitted about. He believed that "cannon", which appeared in the Five Dynasties and the Northern Song Dynasty, was initially a chess piece indicating the erratic comet. After this kind of chess game was introduced to India, it evolved into a war game in about the 7th century (during the early Tang Dynasty in China); the four kinds of chess pieces, namely, "bishop", "knight", "rook" and "pawn", were used in the game. "The four types of chess pieces were part of the Indian army at that time. After the Indians transformed Xiangqi one side back to China, one side through Persia, Arabia into Europe, derived from the Chinese and Western two major Xiangqi system.

Tang Dynasty Xiangqi was already close to the form of modern Xiangqi; in the Northern Song Dynasty, the rules changed; after the Southern Song Dynasty, it was gradually finalized, and at this time, Xiangqi was already farther and farther away from the original symbols of the sun, moon and stars. However, the Indians, Arabs and Europeans did not seem to have forgotten its astronomical meaning and used chess for astrology, and a Latin poem from the 13th century gave astrological symbols to each piece of chess. Although there are many differences between the two chess systems in their later development, the signs of their common origin are still obvious: pawns in, knights on the day, bishops in diagonal rows, generals or kings one move at a time, and so on are all their ****similarities. It can be said that chess is a product of the cultural exchange between the East and the West, and it condenses the wisdom of mankind **** the same.

A pair of chopsticks is very useful, and it can show the personality of Chinese culture, which is to resist complexity with simplicity, and to resist more with less. But in ancient times, people didn't use them to eat. The "Li Ji - Qu Li Shang" talks about treating guests to a meal, saying, "*** rice does not Ze hand." "Ze hand" means sweat from rubbing hands together to generate heat. How does this speak? Tang Dynasty scripture master Kong Yingda's note is: "the ancient rituals, rice without chopsticks (chopsticks), but (only) with the hand, both with people *** rice, the hand should be Jie (clean) clean, shall not be temporary began to crumple Shah (rubbing the two hands together) hand to eat, fear of filth for people also." It turns out that the ancient Chinese and modern Arabs, is to eat "hand grabbed rice", not using chopsticks as tableware. Eating hand-held rice, so that the ancients developed the habit of washing their hands before meals. Pipe - disciple duty" said: "Mr. will eat, disciple food feed, obeisance (sleeves) lavatory (hand wash) rinse, kneeling and feed." Meaning: when the gentleman is about to eat, the disciple should prepare the food, then wash his hands and rinse his mouth, and sit on his knees to eat. Zuo Zhuan - Zhaogong twenty years" also recorded that: "Hua Hai (Song state doctor) and his wife, must wash and eat."　　Flattery is also called "kissing ass", why?

In life, we often refer to someone's behavior of fawning and flattering others as "flattering". About the origin of "ass-kissing", there are several interesting sayings, are related to the customs of the Mongolians. One is that the Mongolians have a habit, when two people leading a horse meet, should be in the other horse's buttocks pat, to show respect. Secondly, when the Mongolian good rider meets the hard to tame the strong horse, will pat the horse's buttocks, which will make the horse feel comfortable, the rider can take the opportunity to jump on the horse. Thirdly, Mongolians love horses. If the horse is fat and sturdy, the two shares are bound to bulge, so see the horse, Mongolians always like to pat the horse's buttocks praise. From this, the word was not derogatory. However, these manners and customs have become the way of flattering and flattering for those who are in power. When they saw a powerful person come with a horse, no matter how good or bad the horse was, they would all strive to pat the horse's buttocks and give them some compliments. Therefore, the later generations regarded "patting the horse's ass" as flattering, flattery, synonyms, pejorative color is very strong.